Sociology CH. 8

Sociologists explore racial inequality using multiple approaches. Distinguish between the various approaches by matching the following questions or statements with the theoretical framework that would best explain it.

1. Differences in the access to key resources can create turmoil between racial groups. - conflict theory 2. How do people display and perform their ethnicity on a daily basis? - symbolic interactionism 3. Social cohesion is often established within groups experiencing inequality. - structural functionalism

Identify the type of unequal treatment and then match it with each example listed.

1. refusing to serve a black person in a restaurant - individual discrimination 2. refusing country club membership to Latino families - institutional discrimination 3. believing all Gypsies (people of Roma ancestry) are thieves - prejudice

Which of the following groups has the shortest life expectancy?

African American men

a common American myth says everyone in the United States has equal access to education and, thus, to a well-paying job. The data about who actually receives degrees tells a different story, however. Examine Figure 8.4, "Americans over Age 25 with Bachelor's Degrees by Race/Ethnicity, 2016." Based on this data, which group in the United States would seem least likely to find a well-paying job requiring a college degree?

Hispanics - 16.4% Blacks - 23.3% Whites - 37.3% Asians - 55.9%

Which of the following is true of a minority group?

Minority groups are denied access to power and resources by the dominant group.

Rachel Dolezal is a white woman who embodies her chosen identity as black. While some praised Dolezal for embracing black culture and being an ally of the black community, others are more critical of her claims of personal experience with racial injustice when she is not black. What would someone with a race consciousness ideology contribute to the conversation.

Race is a social construct that shapes experience.

Which of the following is true concerning race and ethnicity?

The meanings attached to race and ethnicity are created, maintained, and modified over time through social processes.

Among the forms of intergroup relations, racial assimilation falls somewhere in the middle, being far less harmful, obviously, than genocide. As a form of assimilation, it can undercut identity. Looking at Figure 8.2, "Intermarriage Rates by Race," on page 228 of the text, which group would seem most likely to experience racial assimilation in the United States?

U.S.-born Asians

Which of the following is an argument about why reverse racism does not exist?

Whites do not suffer from the cumulative disadvantages that people of color experience.

Callie organizes peer group meetings at her school and church to learn about how to be more inclusive. Sometimes, members of Callie's group have to remind each other the listening to people of color's experiences about race and racism, rather than speaking for them, is a key part of creating a more just society. Callie and her groups are ____________.

anti-racist allies

What process is the central idea behind America's "melting pot"?

assimilation

Consider the different theoretical perspectives explored throughout the text. Which theoretical perspective might be used to explore the social patterns perpetuating overrepresentation of African American and Hispanic males in prisons?

conflict theory

"Driving while black," or being racially profiled by police, is an example of __________.

discrimination

Much of what constitutes racism begins with attitudes. Prejudice is an attitude, but it is often followed by what behavior?

discrimination

As online interaction becomes more common, so too do online friendships. Within an online environment, elements of which sociological concept become unavailable to us?

embodied identity

Canada has a very diverse population, both racially and ethnically. The government is committed to ensuring that all citizens have a voice and equal access to key resources in their communities. What concept does this demonstrate?

multiculturalism

A politician encourages her constituents to embrace ethnic and racial diversity and learn from each other's different traditions to create multicultural harmony in the community. She is promoting what concept?

pluralism

On the local college campus, many racial and ethnic group are encouraged to celebrate their roots, develop strong connection with others like themselves, and take pride in their unique identity. This is most characteristic of what type of intergroup relationship.

pluralism

The relationships between different racial and ethnic groups have varied throughout history. Some patterns of interaction are cooperative and tolerant while others are violent and hostile. During WWII, the United States government ordered all those of Japanese ancestry to report to internment camps following the attack on Pearl Harbor. What kind of intergroup relationship would be most closely associated with this action?

population transfer

Lana is a light-skinned African American teenager attending a predominantly white high school. She tells people that she is white in order to avoid the consequences of being black in a racist society. She is practicing _______________.

racial passing

Black Lives Matter (BLM) is a movement that arose in the response to extrajudicial police killings of black men in the United States. Which describes the mission of BLM?

recognize that systemic racism still exists.

Veronique, a teenager living in the early 1960s in Greensboro, North Carolina, saw a door that directed only Whites to enter the building there, while African Americans were directed to enter via a different door. She was told that this rule was enforced by a law. This is called ______________.

segregation

If you are of Romanian descent, it might be easy to conceal that from people (outsiders wouldn't know it unless you told them), and usually you never mention it. However, you're at a job interview and the boss mentions that she's Romanian. Suddenly, it becomes very useful for you to mention that you are too—now you have something in common! What term best describes this scenario?

situational ethnicity

On St. Patrick's Day, Aiden, who is Irish, goes to have drinks with friends wearing his green shirt and ordering a green beer. Aiden is displaying _________.

symbolic ethnicity

What type of theorist is most likely to explore the ways in which people "do" ethnicity on a daily basis>

symbolic interactionist

A group of white Americans believe that immigrants are ruining the United States in part because a more diverse population does not represent their identities and interests. This group is an example of _____________.

white nationalists