Sociology - Chapter 4 Review Quiz - IWCC

A(n) __________ is a social position a person assumes voluntarily as a result of personal choice, merit, or direct effort.

???

__________ emphasize that social structure is essential because it creates order and predictability in a society.

Functionalist theorists

__________ maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Conflict theorists

Which of the following statements about social structure is false?

It is not essential for individual well-being

__________ is the process by which people act toward and respond to other people and is the foundation for all relationships and groups in society.

Social Interaction

__________ refers to the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure, such as that of immigrants who simultaneously share the life and traditions of two distinct groups.

Social marginality

Occupation is an example of a(n) __________.

achieved status

A(n) __________ is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender.

ascribed status

Brenda is a housekeeper who is supposed to stand in the presence of her employers as a sign of respect. Given this information, it can be said that Brenda is required to show

deference

Which of the following is an example of an achieved status?

husband

At the __________, the social structure of a society has several essential elements: social institutions, groups, statuses, roles, and norms.

macrolevel

Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her __________.

master status

A(n) __________ is one in which technology supports a service- and information-based economy.

postindustrial society

According to functionalist theorists, which of the following is one of the essential tasks that social institutions perform?

preserving social order

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying the position.

status

Teacher, student, professional athlete, rock musician, and homeless person are socially defined positions characterized by certain expectations. These positions are examples of __________.

statuses

The sociological term for any physical or social attribute or sign that devalues a person's social identity and disqualifies that person from full social acceptance is __________.

stigma

A person who is socially devalued for being homeless, having immigrant status, wearing a prison uniform, or having a visible physical disability is most likely experiencing __________.

stigmatization

Social structure consists of all of these, except __________.

values

Which of the following is not generally considered a component of social structure?

values and beliefs