Sociology final
feudal society; the state
1917 russian revolution transformed _____ placing productive property under the control of ________
True
A foundation of humor lies in the contrast between two incongruous realities the conventional and unconventional
False
A status refers to a pattern of expected behavior for individual members of society
False
A status set refers to all statuses a person holds during his or her lifetime
False
According to Erving Goffman performances are very rigidly scripted leaving virtually no room for individual adaptation
Happiness, Sadness, anger, surprised, fear, and disgust
According to Paul Ekmans cross cultural studies there are six basic emotions that are universally shared and expressed in similar ways
True
According to dramaturgical analysis embarrassment causes discomfort for both the presenter and the audience
False
According to erving goffman research tact is relatively uncommon in our society
Try to control both the behavior and emotions of employees
Arlie Hochschilds research shows that many companies
True
Both statuses and roles vary by culture
what triggers an emotion differs from society to society
Cross cultural research on human emotions show
False
Cross-cultural research suggests virtually all nonverbal communication is universally understood
Happiness, sadness, anger and fear
Emotions found all over the world
True
Ethnomethodologist a deliberate lack of social cooperation may lead the researcher to see more clearly the unspoken rules of everyday life
Many people are willing to compromise their own judgement to avoid being seen as different
Findings of Solomon Asch
Demenar
General conduct or deportment
Contrasting a conventional with an unconventional reality
Humor comes from
Conventional , Non-conventional
Humor stems from the contrast between two incongruous realities
Incongruity or ambiguity differences in meaning
In general an important foundation of humor is
weber warned that socialism would generate new elite based on government power
Karl Marx believed that socialism would end social stratification by abolishing private property. What did Weber think
False
One trait of humorous material which appears to be universal is controversy
Crowd
Passengers sittin in an airport gate are waiting to board a plane are a
Role
Patterns of expected behavior attached to a particular status
Emotions are fashioned bu both biology and culture
Paul Ekman studied emotions in global perspective claims that
Back region
Props in a doctors office, like books and framed diplomas
True
Role strain refers to the incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status
More than half of young people between 18 & 24 are living at home with parents
Social mobility in the US
Role
Sociologists use the concept _______ to refer to the behavior people expect of someone who holds a particular status
People are likely to follow orders of not only legitimate authority figures but also ordinary individuals
Stanley milgram research in which subjects used a shock generator showed that
False
Status is not related to social identity
change in social position of many people due to changes in society itself
Structural social mobility
Dramaturgical analysis
Study of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance
False
The phrase the social construction of reality relates to the sociologists view that statuses and roles structure our lives along narrowly delineated paths
Social Interaction
The process by which people act and react in relation to others
Instrumental leadership
The term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks
False
Thomas theorem states that statuses expand to accommodate the number of roles occupied by the individual holding those statuses
more women then men
US schools courses in sociology typically enroll
Intends & hears
Woman and men use language differently, the problem couples face in communication is that what one partner intends by a comment is not always what the other hears
In our society there is an economic disadvantage for being a woman
Women as a minority in the US
Status
a recognizable social position that an individual occupies
Master status
a status that has very great importance for social identity often shaping a persons entire life
True
according to research on gender and personal performances men use significantly more space than women
Status set
at any given time you occupy a number of statuses together these form your
Gender roles
attitudes and activities that a society links to each sex
deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do
basic idea behind labeling theory is
women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance.
beauty myth
far more racial and ethnic diversity
compared to upper class the middle class in the US contains
status
concept defines who and what we are in relation to others
retreatist
concept describing people including alcoholics and drug addicts who drop out of society
56 percent
data shows that about _____ of the heads of poor families in the USA did not work
masculine
english language often treats as _______ whatever has greater value greater power or greater significance
high income nations
greatest development of internet is found in
instrumental leadership
group that calls for more formal relationships with group members
central cities
highest rate of poverty
platos belief that stratification is good for society
ideology refers to
incongruity or ambiguity
important foundation of humor is
Role conflict
incompatibility among the roles corresponding to two or more statuses
dramaturgical analysis
investigation of social interaction in terms of theatrical performance
Control, values, attention
language defines men and women differently in at least three ways
Authorutarian
leadership style focus on instrumental concerns making decisions and ensuring group members obey orders
mostly the creation of society
male and female differences are
larceny-theft
monica steals a bike from a front lawn of a neighbors home. this is an example of
larceny-theft q
occurs far more frequent than all others
retribution
oldest justification for punishing an offender is
define the situation in a way that gives the physician greater power
physician who address patient by name but expecting to be addressed DR. is
victimless crime
prostitution is regarded as a
deviance
recognized violation of cultural norms
Escribed status
refers to a social position that a person receives at birth or assumes involuntarily later in life
Biological factors may have a real but small effect in causing some people to commit crimes
role of biology in causing people to commit crimes
impersonal and exists in order to accomplish some specific goal
secondary group is a social group that
Thomas Theorem
situations defined as real are real in their consequences
Category
sociological concept for all people with a common status, such as college students
white
terms of race and ethnicity most people arrested for violent crime in the US are
emphasis on communications, willingness to ask questions, flexible leadership
the following are leadership traits that have been described as a female advantage
Ethnomethodology
the study of everyday, common sense understandings that people within a culture have of the world around them
network
the weak social ties among people who have little common identity and little interaction
Presentation of self
ways in which individuals, in various settings attempt to create specific impressions in the minds of others
Idealization
when people try to convince others that what they are doin greflects ideal cultural standards rather than less virtuous motives
77 percent
women in the labor force working full time earned _____ of that income earned by men
power over others
women often take the family name of the man they marry this is an example of how language can be used to convey
