Sociology Test One Mid-Term
true
A more common word for "superego" in Freud's model of personality would be "conscience." T/F
true
A peer group is a social group whose members share common interests, social position, and a similar age. T/F
ethnocentrism
A person who criticizes an Amish farmer as foolish or backward for tilling his fields using horses and a plow instead of a tractor is exhibiting..
status set
At a given time, you occupy a number of statuses. Together, these statuses form your...
men avoid asking for directions and don't want to depend on others
Harold and Sybil are lost, and despite Sybil's insistence, Harold refuses to stop and ask for directions. This chapter-opening story shows that..
diffusion
Levi's jeans are a hot fashion item in Russia. The desire of Russians to follow U.S. fashion trends is an example of..
false
Over the course of the last century, the mass media have had less and less influence on people in the United States. T/F
patterns of social inequality
The social-conflict approach draws attention to what?
true
The sociological perspective reveals that personal decisions such as whom we marry are shaped to a large degree by our social environment. T/F
structural-functional approach
The theoretical approach in sociology that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the?
symbolic-interaction approach
Which theoretical approach highlights the fact that it is not so much what people do that matters as much as the meaning they attach to their behavior?
true
being male or female, or black or white, is an ascribed status. T/F
False
beliefs are standards that serve as broad guidelines for living. T/F
human society
sociology is the systematic study of...
george herbert meades view of the 'self'
the part of an individual's personality composed of self awareness and self-image
social interaction
the process by which people act and react in relation to others is called..
high culture
If you were to attend a New York City Ballet performance, you would experiencing..
men commonly control more space than women
In what way do men and women typically differ in their use of space?
master status
Julie is a police officer who finds that wherever she goes out in her small town (even out of uniform), people seem to think of her as a cop. This is an example of which of the following concepts?
true
Many hand gestures, such as the "okay" sign, can have significantly different meanings around the world. T/F
true
New symbols are created all the time, as in the new language by which people "text-message" via their cell phones. T/F
false
Sociological generalizations are the same as simple stereotypes. T/F
true
Validity refers to actually measuring exactly what one intends to measure? T/F
people see themselves as they think others see them
When Charles Horton Cooley used the concept "looking-glass self," he was referring to the fact that
anticipatory socialization
When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in...
role strain
Which of the following is involved when a plant supervisor wishes to be a good friend and hang out with the workers, but must also keep a personal distance to remain objective in order to assess the workers' performance?
structural-functional approach
Which theoretical approach states that the stability of U.S. society rests on the core values shared by the majority of people?
power over others
Women often take the family name of the man they marry. In sociological terms, this is an example of how language can be used to convey
folkways; mores
______ are rules about everyday casual living; ______ are rules with great moral significance
false
a college is a good example of a total institution. T/F
theory
by linking specific facts together to give us meaning, we create..?
are part of every known culture.
cultural universals are common practices and beliefs that...
happiness, sadness, anger, and fear
documented emotions found around the world...
without social experience, a child is incapable of meaningful thought or action.
studies of children raised in isolation, show that..
manifest functions
the recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as..?
invention, discovery, and diffusion.
the text states that cultural change is set in motion in three general ways...
personality
what concept refers to an individual person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?
social structure
what concept refers to relatively stable patterns of social behavior?
