Sociology

berdache

usage problem among certain native american people, usually a male who assumes the gender identity and is granted the social status of the opposite sex Ex : Transgender individual in a native culture

victim less crimes

violations of law in which there are no obvious victims ex : drug use , suicide , gambling , prostitution

Master status

which can be ascribed or achieved , has a special identity ex: doctor, president, CEO

role strain

a tension among the roles that are connected to one status

retribution

an act of moral vengeance by which society makes the offender suffer as much as the suffering caused by the crime. ex: " eye for eye" Leg for leg etc

secondary deviances

deviant behavior that results from being publicly labeled as deviant and treated as an outsider ex: al capon , el chapo , pablo escobar

presentation of "self"

erving goffman's term for a person's efforts to create specific impressions in the minds of others ex: a man working out, Putting on cologne.

stigma

extreme disapproval a set of negative and often unfair beliefs that a society or group of people have about something ex : Isis

STREET CRIME

illegal actions of individuals that live in rural areas such as the suburbs , the projects etc ex: murder, robberies,

societal protection

rendering an offender incapable of further offenses temporarily through imprisonment or permenant by execution ex: unemployment , sickness , old age

thomas theorm

Humans define and respond to situations as a result of their own experiences and thereby create the consequences than they expect. ex: a teenager who is defined as deviant might begin to act deviant Ex: a man thinks hes a bird so he tries to fly but falls straight into eating the ground instead

primary sexual characteristics

the genitals, organs used for reproduction ex : a penis , vagina etc

sexual orientation

a person's romantic and emotional attraction to another person ex: 14 yr old girl with JB Posters on her wall.

rehabilitation

a program for reforming the offender to prevent later offenses ex : rehab, interventions with physiologists.

primary group

a small group whose members share personal and lasting relationships ex: friends, family

reference group

a social group that serves as a point of reference in making evaluations and decisions ex: marketers in the economy field, coaches, general managers.

out group

a social group toward which a person feels a sense of competition or opposition ex: ISIS is an outgroup, Klu Klux Klan

mcdonaldization

.there are 4 dimensions of mcdonaldization 1.efficiency 2. calculability 3.predictability 4.control he believed that the best way to cope with it was to use velvet cage

Social Institution

Established or standardized patterns or roles governed behavior they include things like family, education, religion and economic and political institutions. ex: grad school, High school, Military

organized crime

a business supplying illegal goods or services ex : los pepes cartel

status set

a collection of social statuses ex: student, worker, resident, citizen

role conflict

a conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses. ex: a boss fires an employee,

hate crime

a criminal act against a person or a person's property by an offender motivated by racial or other bias. Ex: Klu Klux Klan, ISIS

secondary group

a large and impersonal social group whose pursue a specific goal or activity ex: classroom, volleyball

hijra

a member of a community of male transvestitess. Traditionally performing as singers ordancerss at religious festivals.

incest taboo

a norm forbidding sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives

secondary sexual characteristics

bodily development , apart from the genitals that distinguishes biologically mature females and males ex: whiskers,beard , arm hair

bureaucracy

common structural form for large organizations ex: government organizations , DEA, FBI

white collar crime

crime committed by people of high social position in the course of their occupations. Ex : fraud ( Jordan Belfort from the wolf of wall street)

crimes again the person

crimes that direct violence or the threat of violence against others; also known as violent crimes ex: demurrers, shop lifters, kidnappers

status

is a social position that is part of our social identity and that defines our relationship to others Ex: Wife, Husband, Son

achieved status

is a social status of a person earning where they stand. Ex : High School Diploma

primary deviances

is the first stage introduced of deviant identify formation. ex: innocent high school freshman introduced to her first joint for the books.

Ascribed status

is the social status a person is assigned at birth or assumed involuntarily later in life. Ex: gender,eye color, Your race, Black ,white mexican, Mexican american.

trans gender people

people who feel they are specifically one sex even though biologically they are the other

Intersexual people

people whose bodies (including genitals) have both male and female characteristics

deterrence

the attempt to discourage crimility through the use of punishment

Sexual double standard

the belief that women and men are held to different standards of sexual conduct is pervasive in an american society ex: men typically are desperate for sex, for women it is not as much.

corporate crime

the illegal actions of a corporation or people acting on it's behalf ex : false claims bribery, insider trading.

social interaction

the process by which people act and react in relation to others. Ex : Communities, Convention Event fairs