Soil and Fertilizer Chapter 2 review
The transformation of gneiss into mica, quartz, feldspar crystal is an example of:
Physical weathering and disintegration
Organic matter accumulation is most pronounced in the_______________
O horizons
Exfoliation is caused by _________________
oxidation
In which of the following horizons has the process of illuviation most likely occurred?
B horizon
Silicate clay accumulation is most common in the ______________
B horizon
Which of the following statements is correct?
Lacustrine parent materials have been subject to weathering for shorter periods of time than residual parent materials nearby.
Residual parent materials are best described as_________________
Materials formed by weathering of rocks and minerals in place.
Which of the following statements is not correct?
Tropical forests protect the soil from excessive weathering.
Which of the following is not considered one of the five major factors influencing soil formation?
Valence state
"Biotite--->clay----->iron oxide" represents a __________________
Weathering sequence
If you wanted to find a soil where physical weathering dominated over chemical breakdown you would be most apt to find it in__________
a desert of Arizona B
The presence of rocks such as shale and sandstone indicates the existence of _______________
ancient seas
Secondary minerals are most prominent in the ______ fraction of soils
clay
The mixed angular gravel, rock and soil found at the foot of a slope is typical of what type of parent materials?
colluvial
Glacial till is a term used to described parent materials that:
contain a heterogeneous mixture of mineral debris dropped by receding glaciers.
The reaction: mica + water ----> K^+ + OH + acid clay is an example of __________
exfoliation
which minerals is most resistant to weathering under humid temperate conditions?
gibbsite
Granite is an example of a(n)____________
igneous rock
The element most often involve in oxidation reaction as minerals weather is __________________
iron
Which of the following is not a secondary minerals?
muscovite
Igneous rock can best be characterized as:
rocks formed when molten magma solidifies
Alluvial fans are usually characterized by ________ soils.
sandy and gravelly
Mechanical weathering processes result in:
the disintegration of rocks due to differential expansion of minerals
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic are 3 ______________
types of rocks
