Soil Bulk Density
Larger; Less
Sand have (smaller/larger) pores but (more/less) total pore space than clays.
1.2-1.8 g/cm3
Sandy soil may range is what?
Soil Bulk Density
A measure of how compact or dense a soil is relates weight of solids to total volume of soil including solids and pores. Affected by both the nature of solids and the volume of pores.
decrease
As bulk density increases the amount of pore space does what?
Increases because pore space decreases and soil become more compact.
As bulk density increases, the soil strength does what?
Lower bulk density 1-1.6 g/cm3
Fine texture silt loams, clay, clay loam are general what?
low bulk density
High organic matter means?
Low bulk density
High pore space means what?
bulk density=mass of dry soil/ volume of soil (solids and pores)
How do you calculate bulk density of the soil?
Particle density=mass of solids/ volume of solids
How do you calculate particle density of the soil?
%Porosity=(1-Bulk Density (BD)/Particle Density (PD)) *100
If both bulk density and particle density are known, the total porosity can be calculated using values. What is the equation?
2.65 g/cm³
If particle density is unknown, assume it is what? This is because the particle density of quartz which in prevalent in most soils.
High bulk density
Low pore space means what?
-Practices that increases organic matter no-till, cover crops, manure and compost applications, crops rotations with high residue crops, and rotations with perennial grass and legumes. -Using multi-crop systems that have different rooting depths -Minimize soil disturbance -Minimize traffic when soils are wets -Reduce number of trips across the field -Using designated travel lanes for equipment (feed pads for hay)
Soil Management Practices to Improve Bulk Density and Porosity?
Low bulk density
Strong structure (well granulated topsoil) means what?
50%
The average soil has a porosity of about what?
Soil porosity
The percentage of a soil that is pore space or voids.
Air or water
The pores are filled with what depending on the moisture content.
Infiltration (runoff) Rooting Depth/Rooting Restriction Available Water Capacity Soil Microorganism Activity Structural Support Water and Solute movement.
What are some soil bulk density relationship to soil function?
=πhr²
What is the volume of a cylinder?