SOS Biology Unit 8 Quiz 2 Body Framework and Reproduction

Cartilage

A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone and that protects the ends of bones and keeps them from rubbing together.

patella

A flat triangular bone located at the front of the knee joint. Also called kneecap.

flexor

A muscle that bends a joint

skeletal muscle

A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones.

extensor

A muscle that straightens a joint

poliomyelitis

Acute, contagious viral disease of the central nervous system that can lead to paralysis.

humerus

Bone located in the upper arms. Extends from the elbow to shoulder

yellow marrow

Bone marrow that is yellow with fat

ligaments

Connective tissues that connect bone to bone.

periosteum

Double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone.

semen

Fluid containing sperm and secretions from three glands prostate gland Cowpers gland and seminal vesicles

axial skeleton

Forms the central supporting axis of the skeletal system. Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum...

smooth muscle

Found on the walls of hollow organs and tubes (stomach and blood vessels). Involuntary, Smooth appearance.

cardiac muscle

Muscle of the heart

seminiferous tubules

Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes.

right ventricle

Pumps blood to the lungs

platelets

Small parts of the blood that cause clotting to stop bleeding, trap pathogens, and prevent additional pathogens from entering the body.

funny bone

a point on the elbow where the ulnar nerve passes near the surface

5 purposes of the skeleton system

attach muscles, create blood cells, protect organs, supports body, aids mobility

ball and socket joint

attachment of leg to pelvic girdle at hip

pivot joint

attachment of vertebrae to skull

nephrons

basic functioning unit of kidneys

ileum, ilium, sacrum, and pubis

bones of the pelvic girdle - skeletal system

ATP

energy used by all cells - used to power muscle and perform duties of organs

pelvic girdle

group of bones that support the legs - hip bones - bears body weight

insertion and origin

insertion- where the muscle ends, origin is where it starts. insertion end moves more

patella

knee cap

insertion

muscle attachment to more movable bone of a joint

villi

projections inside small intestine

tubules

reabsorption by the kidney of needed materials

pancreas

secretes digestive enzymes

gall bladder

stores bile

alveoli

tiny sacs within the lungs