Spaatz Leadership Test
Which of the following is the best example of a leap of abstraction?
"We need chaperones for our bivouac. All senior members are lazy"
According to the MBTI, there are ____ personality types
16
How much sleep do teens require per night?
9 to 10 hours
Which leadership grid style blends a high concern for people and results?
9;9: Sound
In order to make decisions, strong leaders follow
A decision making process
Because the leader is responsible for the teams behavior and its success, the leader has ____ to respond to conflict
A duty
If your writing is not interesting, your audience will quit reading after
A few seconds
What is a simple visual representation of the major steps in a process called?
A flowchart
Developing the ability to think critically is
A life-long endeavor
Slippery slope
A logical fallacy that occurs when one thing leads to another is fixed in your mind, and you begin to travel down the slippery slope
Goals give you a sense of mission, a rudder, and
A meaningful purpose
Punishment is _____ consequence
A negative
Transformational leadership
A person strives to heighten the motivation and morality of himself and his followers
Intellectualization
A person tries to remove the emotional side of a situation and instead examines their problem in an excessively abstract way
Genuine leaders use what to influence and direct others?
A positive approach
What do efficiency experts believe is an essential time-management tool?
A prioritized do list
Critical thinking
A self-guided, self-disciplined thinking which attempts to reason at the highest level of quality in a fair-minded way
Anything that causes stress is
A stressor
In the fairy tale understanding of leadership offered by the Great Man Theory, our civilization would be great again if only
A superhero appeared to guide us
Stress can affect your mood, which frustrates you ____, and then those failures produce more stress
Ability to succeed in everyday life
Stress can affect your mood, which frustrates your ____, and then those failures produce more stress
Ability to succeed in everyday life
Active voice in writing refers to the use of ____ to enliven communication
Action verbs
What are the logical fallacies?
Ad hominem, appeal to authority, post hoc fallacy, appeal to tradition, red herring, weak analogy, straw man fallacy, circular reasoning, false dilemma, and slippery slope
Appraisal
All the different impressions, interpretations, evaluations, and expectations you have about yourself, other people, and situations
Realistic thinking
An approach where leaders try to see the world for how it actually is, not how we might wish it to be
Mediation
An attempt to resolve conflict by using a third party to facilitate a decision
A professional is someone who has
An ethical code as well as the habit of putting the community's interest first
Transactional leadership
An exchange takes place between the leader and follower
A solemn promise is also known as
An oath
Many Americans began to see that people with disabilities can lead productive, successful lives thanks to
Anne Sullivan
Punishment
Any stimulus that represents or stops a behavior
What is the logical fallacy that tries to prove a claim by asserting that some smart person says its true so it must be true
Appeal to authority
The chain of command works best when people resolve issues
At the lowest level possible
The state of mind that lies behind your every action is called
Attitude
What are the different types of leadership
Authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire,
Punishment teaches someone what behaviors to
Avoid
What are the basic approaches to managing conflict?
Avoidance, denial, suppression and smoothing, compromise, the zero-sum game, and meditation
____ is a belief in systematically employing rewards and punishments to control or alter behavior
Behaviorism
One reason people join organizations, like CAP, is to satisfy their natural need for
Belonging
What are the four different modes of thinking?
Big-picture thinking, focused thinking, realistic thinking, and shared thinking
The goal of the chain of command is for everyone to have one
Boss
to generate ideas through the quick free-flow of thoughts is known as
Brainstorming
What are some practical methods of creative thinking?
Brainstorming, mind mapping, the five "why's", reversal, headlines of the future, flowcharts, multi-voting, weighted pros & cons, gradual voting
Concerning the American flag, the United States Supreme Court has upheld the right to
Burn the flag in protest
People can show respect for the American flag by
Burning the flag is worn out
How can you strengthen your character?
By overcoming small challenges
All of the following EXCEPT ____ are examples of social media web sites
CNN.com
Why is leadership a science? Because it requires
Careful study
Which of the following is a FALSE statement about tips for conducting a videoconference?
Casual dress is acceptable
Self-discipline enables you to
Change your behavior
What are the seven universal intellectual standards?
Clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, breadth, and logic
The process whereby a living thing learns to connect a stimulus to a reflex is known as
Classical conditioning
Unnecessary words in a sentence are called ____.
Clutter
Creative thinking
Concentration plus imagination
When one party yields a benefit in hopes that the other will yield and equal benefit, it is known as
Concession
In your ____, you summarize your main points and end your speech
Conclusion
Logic
Conclusions flow and argument is logical
In the transactional leadership style known as _____, the leader uses incentives to encourage people to do the right things
Contingent reward
What is the habit of being guided by universal values of logic and a deep respect for the truth called?
Critical thinking
The attitudes, customs, and values of a civilization are called
Culture
The willingness to examine every imaginable complexity or factor bearing on an issue describes
Depth
Individualized consideration
Describes a leader of who is supportive of their followers, listen closely to them, and acknowledge their unique needs
Contingent reward
Describes an interaction between leader and follower in which the follower's effort is exchanged for rewards
Elements of successful coaching include
Dialogue, empowerment action, and improvement
What are the four elements of coaching?
Dialogue, empowerment, action, and improvement
A misconception for those new to writing and speaking is that creating an outline is
Difficult
A leader who focuses almost exclusively on how tasks will be accomplished represents the Path-Goal leadership behavior called ____.
Directive
What are the components of the path-goal model?
Directive leadership, supportive leadership, participative leadership, achievement-oriented leadership, and task and subordinate characteristics
Becoming angry with your teacher and going home to yell at your dog is a display of this defense mechanism
Displacement
What are the different types of defense mechanisms?
Displacement, projection, rationalization, intellectualization, denial, suppression, and withdrawal
One persons strength helping to overcome another persons weakness is an example of team
Diversity
Because history is filled with stories of determination and character, Trait Theory brings aspiring leaders
Down the wrong path
A good first step in leading others involves improving your own
Emotional intelligence
What element of coaching occurs when the person who has all the answers resists the urge to hump in and fix someones problem for them?
Empowerment
Withdrawal
Entails removing oneself from events, people, things, that bring to mind painful thoughts and feelings
Stronger friendships are a sign of which warrior spirit benefit?
Environment of trust and respect
What are logical fallacies?
Errors in reasoning that render an argument invalid
A sense of team pride, fellowship and loyalty is also known as
Esprit de corps
Checking whether each student fulfills the learning objectives is a process known as
Evaluation
Reasoning is based on data, information, and
Evidence
Giving your best effort is a trademark of this core value
Excellence
Research has found that most people rate their own listening skills as ____ and rate everyone else as ____.
Excellent, poor
One carefully plans and outlines this type of speech but does not read it word-for-word.
Extemporaneous
Things that drive you to act because you receive something tangible in return are called
Extrinsic rewards
What are the eight dimensions of type in the Myers-Briggs?
Extroversion vs. introversion, intuition vs. sensing, thinking vs. feeling, judging vs. perceiving
What is the main lesson of the Johari Window?
Feedback is the breakfast of champions
Which decision-making tool allows the team to identify the root causes of a problem?
Five why's
In this technique of constructive discipline, the leader criticizes the poor behavior, not the performer
Focus on performance
The professional reactions of a deliberate leader when dealing with conflict include
Focusing on the future
What are the four stages of the team?
Forming, storming, norming, and performing
What is the term for a clear and compelling description of what you want your life to look like at some point in the future?
Future picture
Which of the following leaders best characterized the transformational leadership factor of idealized influence
Gandhi
Leaders who make bad decisions often
Get caught in the ethical trap
After defining the problem, the second step of the 7-step ethical decision-making process is to
Get the facts
The advantages of delegation from the subordinates perspective include
Growing from new experiences
Students who are naturally quiet or prefer to be physically active while learning may find this teaching method frustrating:
Guided discussion
The CAP Cadet Program develops leadership skills mostly through
Hands-on experiential learning
Negative reinforcement
Happens when an unpleasant stimulus is removed to encourage the desired behavior
When people speak of prejudice, they are usually referring to a form of
Hatred and distrust
A(n) ____ is a system in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority
Hierarchy
Accuracy
How close a measurement or statement is to the true value
A benefit of having a chain of command is that it reinforces the
Idea that everyone is accountable for another leader
Rank does not confer privilege or power. Rather, it
Imposes responsibility
Especially for large groups, instructors will want to present their materials
In a variety of ways
The salute has its origins
In the time of kings and knights
New cadets begin their drill training with
In-place movements
____ is a transformational leadership factor in which leaders are supportive of followers and listen closely to their unique needs
Individualized consideration
______ is a transformational leadership factor in which leaders are supportive of followers and listen closely to their unique needs.
Individualized consideration
If you communicate high expectations and inspire team spirit within your squadron, which transformational leadership factor are you practicing?
Inspirational motivation
Honesty in the acquisition, analysis and transmission of ideas is called
Intellectual honesty
Urging followers to be creative, innovative life-long learners is the essence of which transformational leadership factor?
Intellectual stimulation
Shared thinking
Involves valuing the thoughts and ideas of others
Compromise
Is an attempt to create a win/win situation
The CAP uniform ____ in cloth form
Is the core values
Which of the following is true about MBTI?
It describes our different flavors of personality
Technical words having a specific meaning within a certain field are known as
Jargon
The text cites the example of this leader using charisma toward evil ends.
Jim Jones
Flag Day is celebrated in America each year
June 14
The U.S. Congress created the flag on
June 14, 1777
Which of the following techniques would be an inappropriate way to use body language during a presentation?
Keeping your eyes on your notecards or projector screen
A leadership factor that describes settings in which no leadership takes place at all is termed ____.
Laissez-faire
In interpersonal conflict, it is important for leader to acknowledge the distal, or background, context for conflict that might arise. Why is this so important?
Leaders should be mindful of how past events can cause present conflict
Inspirational motivation
Leaders who communicate high expectations to followers, inspiring them to become committee to and a part of the shared vision in an organization
Leadership through a link is reflected through which of the following?
Leaders who work through subordinate leaders
What are the different methods of teaching
Lecture, guided discussion, demonstration-performance, experiential, and simulation
What are the five types of power
Legitimate power, reward power, coercive power, expert power, and referent power
A teens social world is ____ than an adults
Less stable
The first step in creating a do list is to
List all of the the tasks you need to complete in the near future
A leader demonstrating the Individual Consideration element of transformational leadership would
Listen to, coach, and teach team members
What is the most neglected communication skill?
Listening
It is common for teens to believe that minor stressors are
Major problems
Efficiency is a broad term describing how well a leader
Makes use of his or her time and other resources
The primary goal of writing (or speaking) is to share:
Meaning
A close, trusted, experienced advisor is called a(n)
Mentor
The philosopher Aristotle defined virtue (excelled of character) as the
Middle ground between two extremes
A chain of command or leadership hierarchy is used by
Military and civilian organizations
Much like the Core Values adopted by the Air Force, the Ten Commandments, which are described in the Torah or the Old Testament, issue moral imperatives that are valid to all people at all times. Which type of moral reasoning is reflected in the Ten Commandments and the Air Force core values?
Moral objectivism
Which type of moral reasoning reflects the belief that some moral principles have universal validity?
Moral objectivism
Identify the type of moral reasoning that describes the following definition: There are no universal truths and universally valid moral principles
Moral relativism
Based on projected changes to the U.S. population, respect for diversity will become ____ in the future
More important
the teen years are among the ____ times in a persons life
Most stressful
A strong reason or desire for something is called your
Motivation
Understanding how to issue a challenge, offer praise, and reward team members demonstrates the leaders role as
Motivator
Intrinsic means
Naturally
Bad leadership implies
No leadership
NCO stands for
Non-commissioned officer
The most effective agendas are ____.
Objective-driven
Supervising means to ____ and ____ people in fulfilling the mission
Observe; direct
Avoidance
Occurs when leaders recognize conflict exists but they choose not to engage the problem
Displacement
Occurs when someone redirects feelings about something onto something less threatening
Studies show that when people are confronted with an ethical problem, they
Often do less than they believe they should do
When displayed with another flag, the American flag belongs
On its own right
Mentoring usually takes place in which type of setting?
One-on-one informally
A diagram that shows how your communication will be organized is a(n):
Outline
To keep constructive discipline positive, leaders focus on
Performance
Leading oneself and leading small groups of others is which leadership skill?
Personal
The sum of the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make someone unique is also known as
Personality
The most common conflicts Cadet NCOs will be called upon to help resolve are
Personality conflicts
Being healthy and leading fitness training is also known as
Physical readiness
What are Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Physiological needs, safety needs, love or belonging needs, esteem needs, self-actualization needs
Maslows Hierarchy of Needs includes the following:
Physiological, safety, belonging, esteem, self-actualization
Constructive discipline is a learning process that provides an opportunity for
Positive growth
By doing this, you can fool your body to stop firing stress hormones
Practicing relaxation
The learning objective is a way for the teacher or trainer to state the ____ and measure the students ____.
Precise goal; success
Ensuring that your statements mean what they say and say what they mean describes this intellectual standard
Precision
The price of putting off a task that could be done right now is called
Procrastination
The CAP core value of volunteer service shows that CAP members think of themselves as
Professionals
The defense mechanism that is used when falsely attributing your own thoughts or feelings to someone else is
Projection
What are the four areas of the Johari Window?
Public, private, blind, unknown
The cadet oath requires cadets to pledge to attend meetings
Regularly
Which of the following most accurately represents relationship behaviors?
Relationship behaviors focus on how leaders and followers interact on a personal level
The ability to bounce back and recover from adversity is called
Resilience
Conflicts are bound to arise. The challenge is to
Resolve them fairly and professionally
The salute is a sign of
Respect
Which core value challenges cadets to defend human dignity?
Respect
One shortcoming of extrinsic rewards is that they can focus followers on the
Rewards and not on the mission
Which of the following groups is not part of the Birth Order theory?
Second child
The zero-sum game
Sees conflict in only win/lose terms
Habitually rendering customs and courtesies strengthens
Self-discipline
The ability to follow directions is an example of which team member trait?
Self-discipline
The main goal of communication is to
Share meaning
Volunteer organizations, like CAP, motivate best by appealing to
Shared values
Because a leaders first duty is to accomplish the mission, if an NCO sees someone doing something the wrong way, he or she
Should correct the person in a helpful way
What teaching method is used when students need to practice existing skills?
Simulation
President John F. Kennedy linked the challenge to go to the moon with Americas
Stature as a world power
What are the three leadership arenas?
Strategic, operational, and tactical
If a task before you is too large, you might
Struggle to find the motivation to begin the task
If you are trying to determine why a system involving animals in nature is struggling, which of the following would make sense?
Study the ecosystem and the backgrounds of all its animal life
Which of the following places is not expected to fly the American flag
Supermarkets
A leader who concentrates on ensuring the emotional well-being of followers is met represents the Path-Goal leadership behavior called ____.
Supportive
First-line supervisors who help the people who directly accomplish the mission are
Tactical leaders
Place the Air Forces leadership arenas in the correct order from lowest to highest
Tactical, operational, strategic
Students with this learning modality will want to physically touch whatever it is they are studying
Tactile
Tactile learning
Tactile learners will want to physically touch whatever is they are studying
Leaders need to develop effective personal time-management skills before they
Take on the burden of managing other people's time as well
Leaders need to develop affection personal time-management skills before they
Take on the burden of managing others people's time as well
Leaders can improve coping skills by
Talking through issues, practicing relaxation, eating well, and exercising
A collection of individuals who are committed to working together to achieve a common goal describes a
Team
Customs and courtesies build
Team spirit
After WWII, captured Nazi officers used what came to be known as the Nuremberg defense during their trials. What does the Nuremberg defense imply?
That they were innocent of war crimes because they were following their superiors' orders
What is the most recognizable national symbol for the USA?
The American flag
Which American institution was one of the first to radically desegregate?
The Armed Forces
According to CAPs chain of command, the National Commander reports to
The CAP Board of Govenors
According to the CAPs chain of command, the National Commander reports to
The CAP Board of Govenors
Customs and courtesies are especially important in CAP traditions because they reinforce
The core values
The most far-reaching consequence of submission to authority is
The disappearance of the sense of responsibility
Kinesthetic
The emphasis is on physically moving around and staying active, not simply touching things
Precision
The exactness of a measurement or statement
Depth
The examination of every complexity or factor bearing on an issue
Birth order theory
The idea that contends a person's rank within their family can have an effect on their personality and intelligence
According to George Bernard Shaw, the single biggest problem with communication is
The illusion that communication has taken place
Emotional intelligence
The intelligent use of emotions: you intentionally make your emotions work for you by using them to help guide your behavior and thinking in ways that will enhance your results
Identify the best definition for Path-Goal Theory
The leader clears paths that subordinates must take to accomplish goals
Suppression and smoothing
The leader suppresses conflict and then smooth over the differences
Most experts include in their definition of leadership three components:
The leader, the follower, and the goal
Idealized influence
The leaders principles and standards having the power to attract followers
False dilemma
The logical fallacy holds the premise that we are faced with two, but only two choices, both of which are not very good
Appeal to authority
The logical fallacy of an appeal to authority that tries to prove a claim by asserting that some smart person believes the claim to be true and therefore it must be true
Ad hominem
The logical fallacy of focusing on the logic of an opposing argument, an ad honinem attacks the other person
Red herring
The logical fallacy of proposing something that is not relevant to the issue at hand, distracting from the real problem
Weak analogy
The logical fallacy that arises because no matter how similar two things are, they are never exactly alike
Post ho fallacy
The logical fallacy that illustrates the difference between correlation and causation
Appeal to tradition
The logical fallacy that makes the assumption that older ideas are better, and that the leader's job is to prevent change
Straw man fallacy
The logical fallacy that misrepresent the opposing position, making it seem weaker than it is, instead of attacking the opposition head-on
Circular reasoning
The logical falling where your arguments conclusion is the same as one of your premises - you're begging the question
What happens when an officers principles conflict with the supervisors directions?
The officer should address his concerns with his supervisor and then act accordingly
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about organizational theory?
The organization should be as complex as its business requires
Why might it be important to avoid labeling and/or name-calling when addressing bigoted or biased behavior?
The person will more than likely no longer listen to what you have to say
Focused thinking
The practice of intensely studying an issue, trying to see it clearly, and not becoming distracted by other issues that are somewhat related, but different from, the specific question at hand
Big-picture thinking
The practice of stepping back from an issue or problem so as to take more of it in
Coaching
The process through which leaders try to solve performance problems and develop their people
Which parliamentary term describes the requirement the least half of the group members be present for the committees work to be legitimate?
The quorum
Extinction
The reduction of some response that the person had previously displayed
Relevance
The relation of something to the matter at hand
Charisma
The sparkle in people that money can't buy
Which of the following statements about how people use the web is FALSE?
The typical visitor gives a site 35-50 seconds to grab their attention
Procrastination affects your ability to
Think
The process of organizing and using your time wisely is called
Time management
The process or organizing and using your time wisely is called
Time management
If the flag is displayed on a speakers platform, the flag should be placed
To the speaker's right
By paying attention to detail when wearing the CAP uniform, you learn
To value accuracy and precision
Drill teaches cadets
To value teamwork and precision
The main idea of a paragraph is introduced by the:
Topic sentence
If displaying the flag over the middle of the street, point the Union
Toward the north or east
The sense of team spirit is important because it builds
Trust
The main thing about writing is NOT to
Try to impress the audience with long words
Defensive behavior is a natural and often _____ reaction to emotional pain
Unconscious
Good attitudes arise from
Understanding
Empathy
Understanding, being aware of, and being sensitive to the feelings, thoughts, and experiences of another
The ethical trap means that
Unethical solutions to a problem yield additional problems
Which of the following is NOT another name for the American flag?
Union Jack
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is known as one of the greatest human and civil rights activists of all time. He worked to ensure the equality of all humans without regard to his own personal freedom and safety. Which stage of Kohlberg's moral development would he be identified with?
Universal principles
Test material that relates back to what the cadets studied is called
Valid
What type of ethic is gained through right desire, true reason, balance, and habits of character?
Virtue ethics
What are the four modalities of learning
Visual, auditory, tactile, and kinesthetic
Which decision-making tool analyzes the arguments for and against an idea while assigning a relative strength to each argument?
Weighted pros and cons
Suppression
When a person knowns they have anxieties or problems, but they set them aside, choosing not to even think about them`
Positive reinforcement
When a pleasant reward is used to increase the frequency of a behavior
Rationalization
When someone devises reassuring or self-serving explanations for their behavior
Denial
When the leader refuses to acknowledge the conflict exists
Breadth
Width; extent
Distinguishing between fair and unfair requires
Wisdom
Transitions function ______ paragraphs
Within and between
The best way to set goals is to
Work back from the future
There is no escaping the fact that you are in charge of
You
Who has the ultimate responsibility to solve your problems?
You
If your peers catch you talking to yourself, you can tell them
You are practicing inner dialogue
When addressing a colleague about a concern over bigotry, which of the following might be an acceptable statement?
You are stereotyping an entire ethnicity in a derogatory way. Is that what you mean to do?
You cannot solve a problem if
You do not know exactly what the problem is in the first place
You want to be an astronaut. Which of the following is a meaningful and reasonable goal?
You enroll in extracurricular aerospace activities
Which situation demonstrates the most empathy?
Your friend's dog dies and you listen closely to his stories about the dog
When you are debating whether it is inborn qualities or personal experiences that shape who we are, you are referring to
nature vs. nuture
A units performance on the drill field is a measure of the cadets sense of
self-discipline
Projection
the act of taking one's own unacknowledged thoughts or feelings and falsely attributing them to someone else
What is the most important standard of all?
the leader's example