Special Pop. Final Exam

Which statement most accurately describes the effect of the number of sets or repetitions on the benefits of resistance training in older adults?

One set is sufficient for previously untrained individuals.

Which of the following describes the most effective method to instruct an older adult in a new exercise?

Perform the exercise while explaining the objective and technique

Which of the following is the most accurate statement related to physical activity and cancer?

Physical activity can prevent the cycle of self-perpetuating fatigue.

Why is the following sentence false? Cancer is the leading cause of death in the United States, occurring primarily in individuals over the age of 50, but physical activity has documented preventative effects in diagnosed individuals.

Cancer is not the leading cause of death in the United States.

In a pregnant woman, increased release of which of the following hormones promotes energy delivery to the baby by decreasing insulin sensitivity?

human placental lactogen

The use of heart rate to monitor training intensity for children

is problematic because children have difficulty finding and counting pulse rate during exercise

Cachexia, a disease that can result from cancer-related fatigue, is characterized by

muscle weakness

Which of the following conditions is identified by anxiety, lack of focus, sleep disturbances, and irregular menses?

perimenopause

What is the primary purpose in ensuring proper fit when using resistance training machines for a client with a cognitive disability?

. It will allow the client to progress to heavier resistance more quickly.

What is the earliest age that most children are prepared for participation in sport-specific training?

7 years old

One pound (0.5 kg) of resistance-trained skeletal muscle uses approximately how many calories per day?

9

With which clientele is it best to avoid exercising at the end of the day due to "sundowning," or increased agitation and fatigue at the end of the day?

Alzheimer's disease

Which of the following is an accurate pairing of a condition and the appropriate precaution?

For a client who has severe anemia, avoid all exercise.

Which of the following statements is true regarding comparisons between physiological characteristics of children and adults?

Glycolytic activity is greater in adults.

Which of the following reflects the proper guidelines for verbally communicating with a client who has an autism spectrum disorder?

Minimize up and down intonations and avoid jargon.

Which of the following statements is true regarding recent trends in physical activity among youth?

Physical education is generally being replaced by reading and math in grade schools' schedules.

Just before a set of bodyweight squats, the exercise professional delivers the following instructions to an older client: "Remember to keep your head and chest up, and keep your back straight. Then squat until your knees are at a 90-degree angle, making sure not to allow your knees to move toward each other, and then breathe out as you rise back to full height." Which of the following describes what is wrong with the instructions?

The instructions should be delivered one task at a time.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effects of a well-designed physical fitness program on the health of a child?

There is a clear relationship between proficiency of fundamental movement skills during childhood and subsequent physical activity in adults.

Which of the following training guidelines is contraindicated for older adults?

When lifting heavier weights, the individual should hold his or her breath through the sticking point.

Which of the following describes the condition in which three or more menstrual cycles are missed consecutively?

amenorrhea

Which of the following is the form of autism that is characterized by a decrease in social skills and a loss of language or motor skills that had previously been acquired?

childhood disintegrative disorder

What pregnancy hormone promotes breast tissue development and blood vessel enlargement?

estrogen

Which of the following hormones is found in normal amounts following menopause?

estrone

Which of the following behaviors is most likely to increase bone mineral density in osteoporotic women?

high-intensity resistance training

Topoisomerase inhibitors work by

interfering with the enzymes that separate DNA strands during the S phase of mitosis

Which of these medications, commonly used by older adults, will have an effect on heart rate and must be considered when determining training intensity?

metoprolol

Which of the following is a benefit of resistance training in older adults?

reduced resting blood pressure

In which indicator is the metabolism of children superior to adults?

resynthesis of creatine phosphate

Skeletal Muscle: Which of the following terms describes age-related skeletal muscle loss?

sarcopenia

All of the following are used to treat menstrual dysfunction and osteoporosis within the female athlete triad EXCEPT

simethicone

Which of the following examples of an aerobic exercise session is the most appropriate for a client who has a cognitive disability?

three 10-minute bouts of a video dancing game

In sedentary individuals above the age of 70, muscle mass decreases by about ________ per decade

10 pounds (4.5 kg)

Which of the following is true regarding exercise training for clients with dementia

Clients may have angry outbursts, and the exercise professional should not view such a blowup as a personal attack.

For which special population is the risk of overheating a disorder-related consideration?

Down syndrome

Which of the following statements is true regarding exercise and energy intake in women with the female athlete triad?

Exercise participation should be modified until body mass index increases to 18.5 kg/m2 or more

Which of the following statements is true regarding similarities and differences between males and female children following well-designed resistance training programs?

For both male and female children, increases in strength are primarily due to neuromuscular adaptations.

Which of the following statements regarding lymphedema is true?

It can occur in cancer survivors up to 30 years following treatment.

Which of the following statements is true regarding peak oxygen uptake in children?

It is not strongly related to endurance performance.

Which of the following is the most important guideline for exercise in cancer patients?

Make sure clients are exercising regularly and avoiding inactivity.

Which TNM classification might describe a cancer that has invaded the lymph nodes but has not metastasized?

T2N2M0

What is one implication of the lack of metabolic specialization in preadolescents?

The bigger, stronger child is likely to be better than peers at most sports, not just the power sports.

Which of the following describes a change in muscle function that occurs with aging?

Type II fibers atrophy faster than Type I fibers.

Which medication group is designed to decrease estrogen levels?

aromatase inhibitors

Which term refers to a bone marrow transplant using bone marrow that was harvested from the affected individual while in remission?

autologous