Speech Final Exam
context of
Josh is planning his speech and he carefully considers the following questions: who, to whom, what, where, when, why, and how. Josh is focusing upon the ___________ his presentation
problem-solution
Monroe's Motivated Sequence is essentially a _______________ pattern of organization with an added step
report
a brief, concise, informative presentation that fulfills a class assignment, updates a committee about work performed by a subcommittee, reveals the results of a study, provides recent findings, or identifies the latest developments in a current situation of interest
your theme or main concept
a central idea is
highlighting key words and phrases
a characteristic of a presentation outline is
specific purpose statement
a concise, precise infinitive phrase composed of simple, clear language that encompasses both the general purpose and the central idea and indicates what the speaker hopes to accomplish with the speech
correlation
a consistent relationship between two variables
rule
a followable prescription that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts
claim
a generalization that remains to be proven with reasoning and evidence
a summary of your main points
a good preview at the end of your introduction would include _____________
do they really need to know this
a good question to ask when preparing an informative speech is: _________
non sequitur
a kind of general fallacy that encompasses many more specific fallacies in which claims do not follow (are unwarranted) from evidence and reasoning
attitude
a learned predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably toward some attitude subject
attitudes
a mom and daughter go shopping together for a prom dress. When they come home the girl shows her dad the dress, he demands that they return the dress because it is sleeveless. The dad has ______________ different from those of his wife and daughter
commitment
a passion for excellence
what works may not always be ethical
a popular political candidate has been accused of lying to the audience at a public speaking event. Nevertheless, the candidate has won the election. After s/he claims victory, it is proven beyond a doubt that the candidate did lie in that speech. Which of the following statements represents how this author feels about this situation
random sample
a portion of the target population, the entire set of individuals of interest, chosen in such a manner that every member of the entire population has an equal chance of being selected
listen more intently
a positive result of lowering your voice is that it can cause your listeners to ______________
extended example
a profound and moving story
virtual library
a search tool that combines internet technology and standard library techniques for cataloguing an a appraising information
antithesis
a sentence composed of two parts with parallel structure but opposite meanings to create impact
is informative and asks students to balance pros and cons
a speech that compares
true believer
a student selects the Assassination of President Kennedy for a topic. His speech is very interesting and claims that Lee Harvey Oswald was not the lone assassin. His speech lacks valid evidence and solid reasoning. The student is a ______________
ethics
a system for judging the moral correctness of human behavior by weighing that behavior against an agreed upon set of standards of right and wrong
systematic desensitization
a technique used to control anxiety, even phobias, triggered by a wide variety of stimuli
communication
a transactional process of sharing meaning with others
combine keywords into phrases with quotation marks in the search bar
a useful Internet search tip is
it provides fewer websites and a narrower focus
a virtual library is a good resource because _________
true belief
a willingness to accept claims without solid reasoning or valid evidence and to hold these beliefs tenaciously even if a googol of contradictory evidence disputes them wrong
real examples
actual occurrences
proposition of fact
alleges a truth
analogical reasoning
alleges that because two things resemble each other, both should be logically be viewed in similar ways
public speaking
an act of communication in which a clearly identified speaker presents a message in a more formal manner than mere conversation to an audience of multiple listeners on an occasion to achieve a specific purpose
performance
an attempt to satisfy an audience of critics whose members are focused on evaluating your presentation
speaking fluently
an example of a communication skill is:
"you know..."
an example of a filler is ____________________
to explain why preschool is important in the development of young children
an example of a good specific purpose statement is
the key points are
an example of a signpost is _______________
brief example
an example that is short and to the point
simile
an explicit comparison of two seemingly dissimilar things using the words like or as
a story
an extended example is the same as which of the following
it is not probable that it will happen again
an icicle fell from a skyscraper and hit your friend's mother. Sadly, she did not survive. Although this is a true story, it would not be a good idea to persuade your classmates to stay out of the city during bad weather because, although it happened, ___________
metaphor
an implied comparison or two seemingly dissimilar things
euphemism
an indirect or vague word or phrase used to numb us to or conceal unpleasant or offensive realities
explain a confusing topic
an informative speech seeks to __________
demonstration
an informative speech that shows the audience how to use an object or perform a specific activity
signpost
an organizational marker that indicates the structure of a speech and notifies listeners that a particular point is about to be addressed
elaboration likelihood model
an overarching explanation for how listeners cope with the bombardment of persuasive messages by sorting them into those that are important, or central, and those that are less relevant, or peripheral
comparison
another student in the class decides to look at two voting districts and how these two districts affect local elections differently. This is an example of which type of informative speech
refutation
answering opposing arguments
variable
anything that can change
order
appeals to ________ should be more persuasive in a collectivist culture
a more reasonable solution
as a strategy in a persuasive speech, the contrast effect provides one solution followed by ____________
social judgment theory
as an audience member you hear a speech persuading you to vote for the Republican candidate in the next local election. You are a Democrat, so it is unlikely you will vote for the Republican regardless of how persuasive the speech is. This is an example of _____________ in practice
skepticism
as public speakers we should embrace _____________.
uncertainty reduction theory
as you gain experience speaking in front of groups, the novelty wears off, uncertainty is reduced, and anxiety consequently diminishes because you gain a reservoir of knowledge from giving speeches that helps you handle almost any situation that might occur
shift the burden of proof
at the end of the President Kennedy speech the student invites the other students to prove him wrong. No one says a word. The student has attempted to ______________
self-selected sample
attracts the most committed, aroused, or motivated individuals to fill out surveys on their own and answer polling questions
ad populum fallacy
basing a claim on popular opinion
appropriateness
behavior that is perceived to be legitimate and fits the speaking context
speaking style
being conversational in your speech is an example of your ___________
maintain attitudes and behavior
brands that are popular aim to _______________ through persuasion
logos
building an argument based on logic and evidence
proposition of value
calls for a judgment that assesses the worth or merit of an idea, object, or practice
proposition of policy
calls for a significant change from how problems are currently handled
theme
central idea, focuses on the main concept, issue, point, or conclusion that you want the audience to understand, believe, feel, or do
persuasion
communication process of converting, modifying or maintaining the attitudes or behaviors of others
evidence
consists of statistics, testimony of experts and credible sources, and verifiable facts
visualization
countering negative thoughts of catastrophe with positive images of success
collectivist cultures
culture that emphasizes group harmony, intro-group cooperation and conformity, and individual sacrifice for the sake of the group
individualist cultures
culture that emphasizes personal autonomy and competitive privacy, individual liberties, and toleration of nonconformity
qualifier
degree of truth to the claim
hypothetical example
describes an imaginary situation, one that is connected to make a point, illustrate an idea, or identify a general principle
reasoning
developing an argument begins with a coming together of ________ and evidence
inductive reasoning
drawing conclusions from specific instances
the relationship between speaking context and rules
during your speech, someone yells out, "Wrong! You are giving misinformation!" After the speech, the audience is surveyed and 20% of the audience members felt that the outburst was appropriate. This is an example o
pathos
emotional appeals
are not a substitute for
emotional appeals __________ logic and evidence
ethos
enhancing the speaker through identification with the audience and bolstering credibility
the rules
every communication context is guided by
site a credible source
every time you use a statistic, you should ___________
suitability for you
everyone is assigned a speech topic. You receive: Did Shakespeare really write his plays? You are a biology major. The problem with this topic for you is __________
showing the audience how to make cupcakes
example of informative speech
supporting materials
examples, statistics, and testimony used to bolster a speaker's point of view
you use an outline to speak
extemporaneous speaking means _____________________
speech anxiety
fear of public speaking and the nervousness that accompanies the fear
communication orientation
focuses on making your message clear and interesting to your listeners
a purpose statement
for consistency and clarity, a topic should first be constructed into ___________
that you didn't actually fly a kite for your audience
for your informative speech, you explain in excellent detail how to fly a kite. The problem with this speech is ________________
use a language to shape attitudes
framing your case means to ____________
value
freedom is an example of a __________
anger activism model
helps explain the relationship between anger and persuasion
be distracted
holding a pen while you are speaking on climate change could cause your audience to ___________________
180-210 wpm
how fast should you speak to an audience
measure of central tendency
how scores cluster so you can get a sense of what is typically occurring
the relationship between speaker and listener
"If they like you, they may listen to you; if they dislike you, they may not." This statement best describes
a brief example
"New York City is the best example of a diverse city in the world." What type of example is this statement
an internal preview
"Now that we have discussed the causes of tornados, let's talk about the devastating effects of tornadoes." The underlined portion of the sentence is _______________
general purpose
identifies the overall goal of your speech: to inform, describe, explain, demonstrate, persuade, celebrate, memorialize, entertain, or eulogize
explanation
if you are advancing your audience's deeper understanding, you are delivering which type of informative speech
respond briefly with prepared remarks before launching into your prepared speech
if you are introduced to an audience, you may need to
shifting the burden of proof
if you challenge your audience to disprove your claims, you are not being reasonable and you are
consider the context of the original quotation
if you decide to paraphrase a quotation, it is important to _____________
more likely
if you have a relationship with someone who has experienced an issue directly, you are ___________ to have a strong attitude about the issue
more likely to affect
if you have actually experienced something, your attitude toward it is __________ your behavior
sound over-scripted
if you rely upon a script when public speaking it is easy to _________________
provide definitions of
if you think most people are familiar with a term and have a general idea of what it means, it is still a good idea to ________ key terms
have a clear, specific recommendation to lessen the fear
if you use fear in your appeal be sure that listeners ___________
a fact-checking site
if you want to check the accuracy of a fact, you should use
bed bugs
if your speech topic is bed bugs, then your general purpose could be to inform your audience about bed bugs
argument
implicitly or explicitly presents a claim and provides support for that claim with reasoning and evidence
alliteration
in John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address, he uses the following phrases: "whether it wishes us well or ill," "struggling to break the bonds of mass misery," and "the survival and the success of liberty." These examples demonstrate the use of _________________
repetition
in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, King said, "I say to you today, my friends, even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise. . ." what technique does he use?
provide an effective way to lessen the fear
in order to be effective a fear appeal must
eyewitness
in question number 18, this quotation could also be an example of what type of testimony
conclusions
in syllogisms ______________ logically follow from absolutes
establish credibility
in the previous question, which of the following did the employers most likely fail to do
metaphor
in the same address, JFK also states, "And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house." This is an example of __________
metaphor
in the same speech, King also stated, "We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice." In this passage, what technique does King use
bookending the speech
in your introduction you provide a quotation from Abraham Lincoln. At the end of your speech you use the same quotation. This is an example of ___________
displaying trustworthiness
in your speech about global warming you tell the class you are the president of the campus eco-club and that the world will end in 2020 when the sun explodes. You deliver your message with confidence, control, enthusiasm, energy, and forcefulness. However, the professor says you fell short in one area. Which area
feel confident because you used all the principal objectives for a competent introduction
in your speech on civil rights you discuss the achievements of the Civil Rights Act. In your introduction you gain audience attention with a quotation, make a clear purpose statement, establish the significance of your topic, establish your credibility, and preview your main points. You should _____________
choose a relevant topic
in your speech on the food at the school cafeteria you ask your listeners to support you in your petition to have a better quality salad bar. By choosing this topic, you have shown that you understand how to ____________
inducing dissonance on true believers is unlikely to change behaviors
in your speech you plan to persuade your listeners to choose a vegetarian lifestyle using cognitive dissonance. However, you failed to survey your audience before selecting your topic. After your performance you find out that several students believe that God put animals on the Earth to provide humans with needed nourishment. You should have considered _______________________
you may have unintentionally changed the intentional meaning of this quote
in your speech you state, "The average American family spends approximately $800 a month to feed their family." The original quotation, from a credible source read, "The average family spends approximately $800 to feed a family of four." The problem with this is
shifting the burden of proof
inappropriately assuming the validity of a claim unless it is proven false by another person who never made the original claim
directory
internet tool in which humans edit indexes of web pages that match key words typed in a search window
search engine
internet tool that computer generates indexes of web pages that match key words typed in a search window
rationalization of disconfirmation
inventing superficial, even glib, alternative explanations for contradictory evidence
ad hominem fallacy
is a personal attack on the messenger to avoid the message
impromptu speech
is a speech delivered without preparation, or so it seems. You are asked to respond to a previous speaker without warning, or to say a few words on a subject without advance notice
anger activism model
is based upon the fact that listeners do not agree with you at first, but that through anger they are motivated to change
extemporaneous speech
is delivered from a prepared outline or notes
communication competence
is engaging in communication with others that is perceived to be both effective and appropriate in a given context
mixed metaphor
is the use of two or Mose vastly different metaphors in a single expression
internal preview
like a preview in your introduction, except it appears in the body of your speech
contrast effect
listeners are more likely to accept a bigger second request or offer when contrasted with a much bigger initial request or offer
the burden of proof
listeners determine whether ____________ has been met by evaluating reasoning and evidence that support a claim
you have established credibility
listeners should believe you because ____________
parallel processing
listeners use both central and peripheral routes when presented with persuasion
statistics
measures of what is true or factual expressed in numbers
cynicism
nay-saying, fault finding, and ridiculing
burden of proof
obligation to present compelling evidence and reasoning to support your claim
functional speech anxiety
occurs when the fight-or-flight response is managed and stimulates an optimum presentation
dysfunctional speech anxiety
occurs when the intensity of the fight-or-flight responses prevents an individual from giving a speech effectively
scan for topics
on the day the speech is assigned you decide to do your speech on how terrible the cafeteria food used to be and how much better it is now since the university hired a new company. You have trouble finding information on your topic, and find that very few people on campus remember how the food was before the change. Nevertheless you give your speech. Unfortunately, it is a little short, as you just couldn't find enough information. You failed to ______________
cliche
once-vivd expression that has been overused to the point of seeming commonplace
to anticipate impromptu speaking
one of the steps to successful impromptu speaking is _________________
it is hard to sound natural
one problem with manuscript speaking is ____________________
establish identification with your audience
one way to enhance your ethos is to ____________
highly interactive
oral style is ______________; written style is not
a specific set of symbols
outlining uses __________
precision
phrases such as "he has a good job" and "she makes a lot of money" lack __________
anchor
preexisting attitude on an issue
preview
presents the coming attractions of your speech
rhetorical question
question asked by a speaker that the audience answers mentally, but not out loud
direct question
questions that seek overt responses
claim
reasoning that connects to grounds
sensitivity
receptive accuracy whereby you can detect, decode, and comprehend signals in your social environment
repetition
reiterating the same word, phrase, or sentence, usually with parallel structure
alliteration
repetition of the same sound, usually a consonant sound, starting each word
coherence
requires that main points flow directly from the purpose statement
pronunciation
saying words correctly as indicated in any dictionary based on Standard English rules
metasearch engine
sends key word request to several search engines at once
anecdote
short, entertaining, real-life story
offensive
similes and metaphors can be ___________
move to a completely contradictory position
social judgment theory states that conversion is highly unlikely when you ask your listeners to ____________
cynic
someone who is nay-saying, fault-finding, and ridiculing
articulation
speaking words clearly and distinctly
examples
specific instances of a general category of objects, ideas, people, places, actions, experiences, or phenomena
certainty
statements of true believers are typically stated as which one of the following
library reference works
students do not need to evaluate the information they find while researching when using _____________
jargon
teachers know what course learning outcomes are; however, you may want to avoid this type of ____________ in a speech
mean
the arithmetic average, determined by adding the values of all items and dividing the sum by the total number of items
syllogism
the basic structure of an argument
transitions
the body of your speech should contain your main points and ___________
traditional and more contemporary styles
the challenge for you, as a speaker in the electronic age, is to blend ___________, merging the best of both
comparing two things and one is significantly better
the comparative advantages pattern should be used when
door-in-the-face strategy
the contrast effect,used in sales
skepticism
the critical thinking process of inquiry whereby claims are evaluated by engaging in a rigorous examination of evidence and reasoning used to support those claims
plausible to probable
the degree of truth to a claim is measured by ___________
ego involvement
the degree to which an issue is relevant or important to a person
effectiveness
the degree to which speakers have progressed toward the achievement of their goals
rhythmic phrasing
the effectiveness of antithesis is in the ____________
coercion
the essential difference between _______ and persuasion is the perception of free choice
an abbreviated citation
the first citation of the source should be complete, but when referring to a previously cited source later in a speech, ___________ is acceptable
new
the first guideline for an informative speech is to present _________ information to your audience
use excessive fillers
the fluency of your speech will suffer if you __________________
your requested behavior required little effort
the goal of your speech is to persuade students to support the organization PETA. To show their support, you ask students to put a PETA sticker on their folder after your speech. Ninety percent of the students accept the sticker and put it on their folder. You were successful most likely because __________
framing
the influence wording has on our perception of choices
vocal fillers
the insertion of um, uh, like, you know, know what I mean, whatever, and other variants that substitute for pauses and often draw attention to themselves
identical
the meaning of terms used twice in a syllogism must be __________
fear
the more _________ aroused in listeners the more likely they will be convinced to change
mode
the most frequent score in the distribution of all scores
Monroe's Motivated Sequence
the organizational pattern that includes attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action is _____________
illusion of transparency
the overestimation of the extent to which audience members detect a speaker's nervousness
fight-or-flight response
the physiological defense-alarm process triggered by stress
simple words and phrases that trigger complete thoughts and ideas
the preparation outline is composed of full sentences, while the presentation outline is composed of ________________
it takes practice
the primary drawback to extemporaneous speaking is _____________________
proposition
the primary, overriding claim for a persuasive speech
ethics
the professor reminds students to be honest, respectful, fair, and responsible, and to allow audience members a choice when speaking in public. The professor is describing public speaking
pitch
the range of your voice form high to low sounds
internal summary
the reverse of an internal preview, instead of indicating what is about to be addressed, it reminds listeners of the points already made
transactional
the speaker is both a sender and receiver simultaneously, not merely a sender or a receiver
jargon
the specialized language of a profession, trade, or group
burden of proof
the stronger the claim, the greater your ______________
communication skill
the successful performance of a communication behavior and the ability to repeat such a behavior
confirmation bias
the tendency to seek information that supports one's beliefs, and to ignore information that contradicts those beliefs
reasoning
the thought process of drawing conclusions from evidence
credibility, relevance, sufficiency
the three criteria used for evaluating evidence and reasoning include _________
an awakening of dissonance in listeners
the use of cognitive dissonance in persuasion requires _________________
social judgement theory
theory states that when listeners hear a persuasive message, they compare it with attitudes they already hold
the internet has useful and current information on a variety of topics
to conduct research for your speech, you visit the campus library. You speak with the librarian, search the library catalogs, and consult the reference materials. You have plenty of research for your topic. However, you should have considered that ___________
ask them
to find out what your audience already knows about a topic, you should _________
focus on your message
to look natural on stage you should ___________________
form their beliefs first, then look for confirming evidence
true believers tend to do which of the following
transition
uses words or phrases to connect what was said with what will be said
gain interest
using a relevant story is an example of how to ___________ at the start of your speech
refutation is an effective strategy of persuasion
using a two-sided pattern of organization is a good idea because ___________________
memorable
using vividness in public speaking will make you more _____________
inflection
vocal variety
cognitive dissonance
when a person holds two inconsistent ideas, beliefs, or opinions at the same time, or when an attitude and a behavior are inconsistent
false analogies
when a significant point or points of difference exist despite some superficial similarities between the two things being compared
stack examples
when a single example is not enough, you should ____________
vividness effect
when an outrageous, shocking, controversial, and dramatic event distorts our perceptions of the facts
shared meaning
when both the speaker and receivers have mutual understanding of a message
narrative
when delivering your speech on the importance of blood donation, you want to make it clear that blood donation saves lives. You decide to share a very personal story about your grandmother to highlight that point. Which organizational pattern should you use
you should not read your story
when giving an informative speech about a person, you decide to tell a story. You spent a lot of time writing the story, and you want to get it just right. When it is your turn to present your speech, you forget part of your story. Luckily, you have the written story with you, so you read a few sentences to finish the story, and then move on to a visual aid. What did you do wrong
hasty generalization
when individuals jump to a conclusion based on a single or a handful of examples
invent explanations
when presented with evidence to the contrary, a true believer will most likely ____________.
minimal
when the effort required is ____________ it is easier to changes behavior
attitudes and behaviors
when trying to persuade an audience, you are trying to convert, modify, or maintain listener _______________
casual reasoning
when we see events and infer what caused these events
mindless
when you are not cognizant of your communication with others or simply do not care, so no improvement is likely
mindful
when you think about your communication and concentrate on changing what you do to become more effective
the main points are restated
which of a following is achieved in a competent conclusion
the probability model
which of the following describes how the process of skepticism begins?
the title of your presentation
which of the following does not affect the context of any speaking situation
using examples, stats, and quotes
which of the following illustrates the author's reference to the power of three when presenting supporting materials
in the United States, the average age for marriage is 29; in Canada the average age for marriage is 26
which of the following is an example of a statistical comparison
creating and listing additional topic possibilities
which of the following is an example of brainstorming
you choose to speak on baseball because you are on the baseball team
which of the following is an example of establishing credibility
understanding the views of your audience before speaking
which of the following is an example of focusing on your audience
speakers must learn to adapt to change
which of the following is an example of speech being a dynamic process
to explain why the Great Lakes are in danger
which of the following is the best general purpose
if you don't have enough time to study, I may have the solution
which of the following statements would help you establish topic significance
committed audience
which of the following type of audience contains agreeable listeners
concerned audience
which of the following type of audience contains eager listeners
captive audience
which of the following type of audience contains the disengaged listeners
choosing interesting supporting materials
which of the following will best help you gain the interest of your audience
alliteration
which of the following words means the repetition of the same word sound, usually a consonant sound, starting each word
prefer .gov or .edu over .com sites
which one of the following is a recommended way to evaluate information found on the Internet
skepticism
which one of the following is the most like critical thinking
moderate
which positions are the most persuasive
law of truly large numbers
with large enough numbers almost anything is likely to happen to somebody, somewhere, somehow, sometime
the rules
you are asked to speak at a community meeting. You have prepared a 5-minute speech that is effective and appropriate. During your presentation, you are surprised that community members stop and ask you questions in the middle of your speech. You were not aware of the __________ for this context
you failed to match the context
you are asked to speak at graduation to introduce the teacher of the year. While at the podium you read from a manuscript about the importance of selecting the right college. one thing you did incorrectly was _____________________
you are recording this interview without asking for permission
you are beginning to research your topic: hydroponic gardens. You decide it would be useful to conduct an interview with a local botanist. You call them to schedule the interview and you agree to meet at a time and place. When you arrive at the interview you are on time and dressed appropriately. You sit down, hit record on your cell phone, and begin asking your carefully prepared questions. The mistake you made was ________________
hasty generalization
you are told that a certain political party is waging an attack on men. You are a man, so you decide to vote against this party. This is an example of a(n) ______________
subject manageability
you are very passionate about health eating. You share all of your knowledge about vitamins, calories, exercise, and food additives at your next speech. The problem with your speech was most likely ___________
concise
you choose to tell a story to inform your audience about the challenges of urban life. It will be important to remember to keep your story ______________
chronological
you decide to deliver a speech about Michael Jordan. You will divide the body of your speech into three main points: his youth, his college years, and his professional career. This type of organizational pattern is ______________
the fact that any single study proves very little
you find a study that indicates wearing red clothing causes aggression in those around you. In order to verify the results of this study, you scour the Internet, but can't find anything to support it. You decide not to use it because this is an example of ____________
you lack a solid summary, and just because you have demonstrated the steps in changing a tire, your audience may not be able to accomplish this objective
you give an informative speech on "How to change a tire." You provide the class with a wonderful PowerPoint presentation, that illustrates each necessary step. At the end of your speech you say, "Now you can all go change a tire!" Your last comment is a problem because
setting conversion as a goal for persuasion is too high
you know that the majority of your class believes in global warming. However, you are ambitious, so you set out to change their minds and show them that global warming is a hoax. At the end of your speech you ask them to raise their hands if you have convinced them of the hoax. You are shocked when no one raises his/her hand. What explains this
it does not include the qualifications of the expert or a reputable source
you should be skeptical of expert testimony when ____________
you failed to demonstrate stylistic similarity
you understand that it is important to connect with your audience. At your next speech in the gym at a pep rally you dress up in a suit, work to establish social cohesion, and say, "We all want our Bucks to win! Go Bucks!" Why might this not work to connect with your audience
framing
you want to persuade your audience that the economic downturn of 2008 caused many people to lose their homes; thus, the government needs to enact strong legislation to protect homeowners. Instead of calling it the "downturn of 2008," you decide that the "great recession" is more persuasive. This is an example of ________
explanation
you would like to assist your audience in having a deeper understanding of how voting districts affect elections. This is an example of which type of informative speech
there are often inconsistencies between attitudes and behavior
your friend tells you that she thinks drinking alcohol isn't a good idea. She tells you that after last weekend she is no longer going to drink alcohol. However, the following weekend you see her at a bar with a beer in her hand. How can you explain this
watch a videotape of yourself public speaking
your professor and classmates alert you to the fact that you use vocal fillers to the point of distraction. You have no idea what they are talking about. the best thing to do is _____________________
the quantity of arguments was more important than the quality to the non-majors
your professor invites you to an important meeting on campus regarding communication majors. You are a communication major, so you must attend. At the meeting, the professor tries to persuade everyone that a new policy for communication majors will be that they need to complete two internships before graduation. The professor invites six local employers to present their feelings on the issue. Their arguments are weak, and they seem unprepared. The communication majors are skeptical, but the non-communication majors think the new policy is a great idea. why
the way you use words to express your thoughts
your speaking style is achieved primarily by ____________
hypothetical example
your speech begins, "Imagine you were born in the Middle East. Where you are born is, after all, just a matter of luck, isn't it? What would your average day be like in the Middle East? Would you be worried about drone strikes? Would you worry about . . ." This is utilizing what type of example to gain audience interest?
vivid
your speech begins, "On the spring evening of April 4th, I saw a man walk out of his hotel room in the bustling city of Memphis, Tennessee, to address a diverse and exuberant crowd. Suddenly and unexpectedly shots rang out. . ." You have most likely attempted to use a _____________ example
your speech was neutral, but it stimulated thought in a listener who then used the information persuasively
your speech informs your audience about the benefits of a liberal arts education. One of your listeners tells his brother he should attend a liberal arts college. The younger brother follows the advice of his older brother. what happened
avoid interference
your speech is outlined and you have practiced. You realize that you shift your weight from side to side when speaking. You focus on avoiding the shifting and you are successful. you have learned to ____________________
open-mindedness
your speech topic is the idea that immunizations caused autism in children. As you begin to research, however, you find that the evidence does not support this claim. You change the message of your speech to: No link found between autism and immunizations. You have displayed __________
demonstration
your speech will inform your audience how to apply to graduate schools. You plan to take them step-by-step through an application. Which type of informative speech is this
volume
your voice from loud to soft
