Speech Review CTC
C
1. The term "ethics" refers to A. a person's religious beliefs. B. Greek mythology. C. rules or standards within a culture about what is right and wrong. D. a person's ethnic background.
C
10. Which is not one of the proofs or appeals used in public speaking identified by Aristotle? A. ethos B. pathos C. mythos D. logos
A
100. Effective storytellers create a sense of drama, develop compelling characters, and ________________________. A. use evocative language to transport audience members' imaginations into the narrative B. tell complete stories, never leaving anything out C. always explain the moral or main point of the story D. use stories to appeal to audience members' logic
A
101. Hypothetical examples are based on _______. A. conjecture B. facts C. personal experience D. None of these answers are correct.
B
102. Which type of example is most appropriate when audience members are already familiar with the situation, person, object, or event cited? A. Specific example B. General example C. Hypothetical example D. Familiar example
B
103. Which of the following four terms does NOT relate to the other three? A. Stories B. Definitions C. Anecdotes D. Narratives
B
104. Carol's reference to the impact of visitors to the Rocky Mountains in her speech about the fragile eco-system of the mountains is considered a _____. A. general example B. specific example C. hypothetical example D. irrelevant example
B
105. In Dave's speech about the history of civil rights in the United States, he used quotes from Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King, Jr. Dave used ______ to support his points. A. lay testimony B. expert testimony C. celebrity testimony D. narrative
C
106. If you want to quantify the magnitude of a problem in your speech, you may want to use ______. A. definitions B. examples C. statistics D. anecdotes
C
107. Which of the following types of supporting materials would NOT be used to make a logical appeal? A. Definitions B. Testimony C. Examples D. Facts and statistics
A
108. Which type of example gives listeners the most detail? A. Specific examples B. Hypothetical examples C. General examples D. Supportive examples
C
109. Which type of testimony do journalists often use when reporting on human-interest stories? A. Expert testimony B. Celebrity testimony C. Lay testimony D. Functional testimony
A
11. Media convergence means A. people often interact in multiple spheres of communication at the same time. B. mobile technologies and the Internet have become dominant forms of social interaction. C. ordinary people can gather information and creatively express themselves online. D. people use mass media for information and entertainment.
C
110. Which of the following is NOT one of the main parts of a speech? A. Conclusion B. Transitions C. Signpost D. Body
D
111. As you review your working outline, you should apply which of the following principles to help you identify what points to include and what points to leave out? A. Balance B. Clarity C. Relevance D. All of these answers are correct.
A
112. A well balanced speech has A. points that are about equal in importance. B. an introduction and conclusion of equal length. C. an even number of transitions. D. at least two subpoints per main point
C
113. Which pattern of organization is most appropriate for convincing audience members to agree with a course of action? A, Chronological pattern B. Cause and effect pattern C. Problem-solution pattern D. Spatial pattern
B
114. Kellie is preparing a speech in which she plans to demonstrate how to make a hummingbird feeder using recycled materials. Which pattern of organization should she use? A. Spatial pattern B. Chronological pattern C. Cause and effect pattern D. Topical pattern
D
115. Kathy's speech, a tribute to her favorite brother-in-law, included several stories. This type of format is called_________. A. spatial format B. topical format C. cause and effect format D. narrative format
A
116. Which pattern of organization is most appropriate for describing an object, a place, or how something is designed? A. spatial pattern B. chronological pattern C. cause and effect pattern D. topical pattern
B
117. Transitions in which you review what you just discussed prior to moving on to the next point in your speech are called _________? A. signposts B. internal summaries C. guideposts D. directional
C
118. Bill transitioned to his third main point with the words, "Finally, good study habits require evaluating what works and what doesn't." What type of transition did Bill use? A. Ordering B. Contrasting C. Summarizing D. Reinforcing
C
119. A point or subpoint should have at least how many pieces of information to support it? A. one B. five C. two D. ten
F
12. According to the Roman statesman Cicero, you need this to form the groundwork for public speaking. A. Memory B. Delivery C. Invention D. Arrangement E. Style F. All of these answers are correct.
D
120. When putting together a speech, you typically develop the four main parts in which order? A. introduction-body and transitions-conclusion B. conclusion-introduction-body and transitions C. introduction-conclusion-body and transitions D. body and transitions-introduction-conclusion
B
121. Eun-Jeong wanted to select an organizational pattern that would help her encourage audience involvement and participation. Which pattern should she use? A. spatial B. narrative C. cause and effect D. topical
A
122. Internal summaries perform two functions for the speaker: They remind the audience of the key points the speaker has already talked about, and A. they link previous points with the upcoming one. B. they signal that the speech is drawing to a close. C. they introduce the first main point of the speech. D. they establish a contrast between the introduction and main points of the speech.
D
123. In which step in Monroe's motivated sequence does the speaker show the audience the benefits of the proposed solution or the costs of not implementing the solution or both? A. Need B. Satisfaction C. Call to action D. Visualization
C
124. When developing your complete sentence outline, each main point or subpoint should express A. several ideas so you have options during your speech. B. your views about your topic. C. only one idea. D. None of these answers are correct.
A
125. Which of the following is NOT discussed in your textbook as one of the four core parts of every speech? A. Evidence B. Conclusion C. Introduction D. Body
C
126. In what part of a speech are you likely to first hear the thesis? A. Transition B. Conclusion C. Introduction D. Body
D
13. The linear or transmission model of communication consists of A. two-way communication. B. communicators as both senders and receivers. C. a group communicating. D. communication in a single direction.
A
14. Which of the following is NOT one of the eight elements of communication? A. Rhetoric B. Speaker C. Audience D. Noise
C
15. _______________ theory suggests that people become anxious when they encounter with uncertain or unfamiliar situations. A. Transmission B. Social exchange C. Uncertainty reduction D. Speech
B
16. Ryan decided that, instead of being fearful and apprehensive about his upcoming speech, he would try to be excited and look forward to it. This behavior is called __________. A. relaxation B. relabeling C. visualization D. wishful thinking
B
17. Unlike in everyday conversations, your public speaking audience expects you to ________. A. be brief B. demonstrate expertise about your subject C. be technical D. know little about your topic
A
18. Which perspective suggests that a fear response to public speaking is rooted in the basic brain activity underlying one's personality? A. Communibiology paradigm B. Uncertainty reduction theory C. Communication apprehension theory D. Transparency theory
C
19. The "spotlight effect" refers to ____________. A. people paying no attention to your speech B. being nervous because you are illuminated by a spotlight C. thinking the audience is observing you more carefully than they really are D. focusing too much on one aspect of your speech
B
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the "arts of public speaking"? A. Style B. Feedback C. Arrangement D. Delivery
B
20. The less you believe you can predict a positive response from your audience, the more A. relaxed B. anxious C. confident D. enthusiastic
B
21. Kim decided to try visualization to manage her speech anxiety. She imagined herself giving a speech that far exceeded her actual abilities. Which of the following is likely to be the result of Kim's attempt at visualization? A. Kim will deliver a perfect speech. B. Kim will become more and more anxious rather than less anxious as she delivers her speech. C. Kim will not feel anxious about her speech. D. Kim will feel anxious at the beginning of the speech but will relax as the speech continues.
B
22. When Carlos was preparing his speech, he imagined himself completing each step in a positive, detailed, systematic way. This approach is called __________. A. relabeling B. visualization C. visual aids D. over-planning
A
23. Diaphragmatic breathing, meditation breathing, and tension-release breathing exercises are part of which type of speech preparation technique? A. Relaxation B. Visualization C. Relabeling D. None of the above
D
24. Which of the following would tend to INCREASE your level of speech anxiety? A. Getting an early start on speech preparation. B. Choosing a topic you care about. C. Effectively researching your topic. D. Choosing a topic about which you know little.
C
25. If Lucinda wants to help reduce her anxiety about giving a speech, she should _________. A. wait until the last minute to prepare B. avoid thinking about her speech beforehand C. practice her speech in front of an audience D. not practice her speech at all--impromptu is better
A
26. Kelly was sure that her audience would notice every mistake she made during her speech. This belief is known as ______________. A. the spotlight effect B. the illusion of transparency C. speech minutia D. speech training
C
27. Which of the following should you NOT do during your speech? A. Focus on your audience. B. Display a positive attitude. C. Apologize for mistakes. D. Pay attention to audience feedback.
C
28. Speech anxiety is ___________. A. something you can and should eliminate completely B. never a good thing C. something that can be managed and controlled D. a very rare occurrence
D
29. In order to deliver a good speech it is essential to ___________. A. know someone in the audience so you can relax B. dress in your best attire C. embellish the facts to keep things interesting D. thoroughly plan, prepare, and practice your speech
A
3. Which historical age was noted for the development of mass media, such as newspapers and radio? A. Industrial B. Pre-historic C. Classical D. Information
D
30. According to your textbook, __________________________ refers to the fear of speaking in front of an audience. A. communication nervousness B. speech uneasiness C. communication apprehension D. speech anxiety
B
31. Which of the following was NOT listed in your text as a source of uncertainty that can lead to speech anxiety? A. The speaker's role B. The speaker's appearance C. The audience's response D. The technology
E
32. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ethical speakers? A. Ethical speakers present accurate information. B. Ethical speakers consider all sides of an issue. C. Ethical speakers carefully research their topics. D. Ethical speakers demonstrate respect for themselves and their audience. E. All of the above are true of ethical speakers.
B
33. When Bill has finished listening to Sally's speech, he challenges her by opening his comments with, "I am sure you are wrong about the statistics you used to support your point about the dangers of cloning." This creates which kind of communication climate? A. Productive communication climate B. Defensive communication climate C. Supportive communication climate D. None of these answers are correct.
A
34. Which of the following is true? A. In the United States and many other countries, presenting others' work as your own not only violates basic ethical principles but is also illegal. B. Plagiarism rules only apply in educational institutions. C. Plagiarism is a universal concept. D. Aristotle was the first to identify the problem of plagiarism.
A
35. George is preparing a PowerPoint presentation to use with his speech about Yosemite National Park. He is unsure of what he needs to do to properly cite the sources of several images he found online in the speech. What should George do? A. Include the source information on each PowerPoint slide that contains an image without verbally mentioning the source. B. Include the source information on each PowerPoint slide that contains an image and also verbally mention the source. C. Verbally cite all image sources without including source information on his PowerPoint slides. D. Add one or two slides at the end of his PowerPoint presentation listing source information for all of the images he used in his presentation.
D
36. Taking accurate notes can help you prevent plagiarism. Which of the following strategies is NOT recommended in your textbook as a method for identifying quotes and their sources as you gather information? A. Use a different font color to identify quotations in your notes. B. Use boldface type to identify quotations in your notes. C. Use highlighting to identify quotations in your notes. D. Always use quotation marks around any material that you copy verbatim from a source.
D
37. When you email an expert for information on your topic, how should you deal with that information in your speech? A. You may use it as your own since it is considered "public domain." B. You should ask the person's permission to use it. C. You should name your source in your speech. D. You should ask permission and name your source in your speech.
B
38. When giving his speech on the Civil War, Carl quoted a section of President Lincoln's "Gettysburg Address" without crediting Mr. Lincoln. Carl is guilty of _______. A. dialogue B. plagiarism C. oral citation D. copyright infringement
A
39. The practice of using limited portions of an author's work and crediting the source is called __________. A. fair use B. oral citations C. ethnocentrism D. plagiarism
B
4. Which of Cicero's five "arts of public speaking" refers to the way in which a speaker organizes his or her ideas? A. Invention B. Arrangement C. Style D. Memory E. Delivery
B
40. Effective public speakers provide oral citations during their speeches. Oral citations are A. the actual act of giving a speech. B. brief references to their sources. C. written references to their sources. D. values and beliefs.
D
41. How can you provide effective feedback to a speaker? A. Identify what the speaker did well. B. Offer specific examples of areas for improvement. C. Demonstrate that you listened carefully to the message. D. All of these answers are correct.
A
42. While researching her speech on the Salvation Army, Jean found a particularly useful quotation. During her speech, she put the quote into her own words. In doing so, Jean is _________________ the quotation. A. paraphrasing B. copying C. performing D. rehearsing
C
43. When Dave thinks to himself, "How can Roberta possibly believe in that?" he is experiencing ____. A. listening anxiety B. hate speech C. ethnocentrism D. ethical communication
D
44. Which of the following is an example of gender neutral language? A. Fireman B. Policeman C. Stewardess D. Salesperson
A
45. When you go to a comedy club for entertainment, you are engaging in _______. A. appreciative listening B. empathic listening C. critical listening D. listening for content
D
46. Susan checked the headlines of her local paper and looked through current magazines to come up with ideas for her speech topic. This is part of a process called ___________. A. developing a thesis B. internal consistency C. building a working outline D. brainstorming
C
47. When you ask yourself, "What is the central idea I want my audience to get from my speech?" you are beginning the process of A. choosing the general purpose of your speech B. selecting your topic C. phrasing your thesis D. building your working outline
A
48. After Brandon brainstormed for ideas associated with his topic, he identified themes and then grouped those themes by category. These categories will become the ________ of Brandon's speech. A. main points B. introduction C. general purpose D. specific purpose
A
49. Which of the following is NOT a recommended part of the brainstorming process? A. Generate as many ideas as possible until you find one that will work. B. Write down every idea—whatever comes to mind. C. Avoid evaluating your ideas. D. Be as creative and imaginative as possible.
E
5. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of our information-driven, knowledge-based world for public speakers? A. Availability of presentation software B. Ability to search the Internet and online databases when researching a speech topic C. Capability to deliver presentations using video conference or webcast D. Voice-recognition software allows audiences to listen to and understand speeches delivered in other languages E. Modern technology eliminates the need for face-to-face communication
D
50. The general purpose of your speech typically corresponds with one of the most common types of speeches. These types of speeches include _______. A. persuasive B. entertaining C. informative D. All of these answers are correct.
C
51. If the topic of your speech is rock climbing and your specific purpose is to familiarize your audience with basic rock climbing equipment, then the general purpose of your speech is _____________. A. to persuade B. to introduce C. to inform D. to entertain
B
52. In a good speech outline, ideas that make up any main heading or subheading have a logical connection to one another. This is called ________. A. internal noise B. internal consistency C. interdependency D. grouping ideas
C
53. Once you have a list of ideas for your topic, it is a good idea to A. list them in alphabetical order. B. expand each idea into a paragraph. C. distill each idea down to a single word or short phrase. D. None of these answers are correct.
D
54. The thesis of your speech should A. be written as a single declarative sentence. B. capture the essence of your speech. C. incorporate the main points you plan to address. D. All of these answers are correct.
D
55. Professional employees routinely make presentations in meetings, panels, training sessions, or seminars. In these situations, speakers should consider A. the subject matter taken up by any other presenters. B. the size of the room where they will speak. C. whether the presentation will be delivered face-to- face or online. D. All of these factors should be considered when preparing to speak in a professional setting.
A
56. When you combine your general purpose, topic, and audience to identify the particular objective you want to accomplish, you have formed the _______ of your speech. A. specific purpose B. general outline C. thesis D. working outline
C
57. Which of the following is NOT part of a working outline? A. General purpose B. Specific purpose C. Brainstorming D. Thesis
B
58. Mary's speech inspired many people in her audience to give blood at the earliest opportunity. This type of speech would fall into which of the following categories? A. Informative B. Persuasive C. Controversial D. Entertaining
C
59. In brainstorming for topics you should A. limit your ideas to a few. B. evaluate all of your ideas. C. write down every idea--whatever comes to mind. D. None of these answers are correct.
A
6. Which of the following is the least interactive sphere of communication? A. Mass media B. Mediated personal communication C. Expressive technology D. Face-to-face
D
60. In selecting topic ideas you should A. consider the audience. B. consider the setting and type of event. C. consider resource availability. D. All of these answers are correct.
B
61. Which of the following types of speeches is appropriate when the speaker wants to change the audience's attitudes towards a topic? A. Entertaining B. Persuading C. Celebrating D. Informing
B
62. As he spoke, his audience perceived Daniel to be competent about his topic, honest and sincere, and to be a dynamic speaker. These perceptions greatly increase Daniel's ______________. A. ego B. credibility C. demographics D. attitude
C
63. Aisha's audience questionnaire was designed to gain information about her audience's age, sex, race, educational level, income level, and religious affiliation. This type of data is called ________. A. psychographics B. summary statistics C. demographics D. sociographics
D
64. Blake was asked to speak at his local Kiwanis club meeting. In this case, his best source of audience information would likely be A. the Internet. B. a book about the history of Kiwanis. C. the library. D. the person who invited him to speak.
A
65. Analyzing and adapting to the audience is crucial to all public speakers. This approach to preparing and delivering a speech is called ________. A. an audience-centered approach B. a media-centered approach C. developing a target audience D. marketing your speech
B
66. Which of the following is NOT a technique for speaking to diverse audiences? A. Search for commonalities among audience members. B. Address different parts of your audience in separate sections of your speech. C. Choose language that can be understood by all members of the audience. D. Demonstrate expertise, concern, interest, and enthusiasm
C
67. A person's standpoint can best be described as A. their beliefs. B. their attitudes. C. their perspective on the world. D. their dynamism.
A
68. A seventeen-year-old African-American from the south side of Chicago and a forty-five-year-old Caucasian businessman from Boston would likely have very different ______ based on demographics. A. standpoints B. credibility C. validity D. reliability
B
69. When you judge something as good or bad, right or wrong, or attractive verses unattractive, you are expressing your __________. A. point of view B. values C. standpoint D. goodwill
C
7. Technology is not available to everyone, particularly in developing countries. This lack of equitable technology distribution across age, race, education level, and Internet connection speed is called the _______________. A. right to free speech B. technical redistribution C. digital divide D. technology transfer
B
70. An attitude is A. something a person accepts as true. B. approval or disapproval and liking or disliking of a person, place, object, event, or idea. C. what a person thinks is good, right, worthy, and important. D. something a person does.
B
71. Should the United States continue to pursue the use of nuclear power as an energy source in the future? This type of audience research question is called _____________. A. personal B. closed-ended C. informational D. open-ended
D
72. Which of the following question is closed-ended in nature? A. How do you feel about the rise in college tuition? B. What is your experience with public speaking? C. What are your goals for this class? D. How long have you lived at this address?
A
73. According to your text, speakers succeed to the degree that they A. connect with their audience B. spend time preparing speech content C. use compelling presentation aids D. choose an exciting topic
B
74. When using an audience research questionnaire, you can clarify audience positions and obtain additional useful information by A. asking only open-ended questions. B. asking both open-ended and closed-ended questions. C. asking only closed-ended questions. D. None of these answers are correct.
B
75. Information in the responses to an audience research questionnaire that reflects trends and comparisons is called __________. A. demographics B. summary statistics C. psychographics D. personal
A
76. The setting of a speech plays an important role in audience-centered public speaking and includes A. the physical location, the occasion, and the time. B. audience attitudes, values, and beliefs. C. the physical location, the occasion, and audience response. D. the target audience, time of day, and relevancy of current events to the topic.
A
77. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate for collecting demographic information about an audience at your workplace or other familiar setting? A. Personal observation B. Consulting with people who are familiar with the group C. Relying on public resources D. Using a questionnaire
B
78. Lisa believes that females are the ones she most wants to persuade with her speech on detecting breast cancer. As such, women would be considered her _________________. A. goal audience B. target audience C. center audience D. specific audience
D
79. One of the questions Nick asked during his interview with a nuclear physicist was, "Wouldn't you agree that the benefits of nuclear power out way the risks?" This is what type of question? A. Open-ended B. Closed-ended C. Neutral D. Leading
C
8. _______________ refers to the rules or standards within a culture about what is right and wrong. A. Justice B. Speaker responsibility C. Ethics D. None of these answers are correct.
B
80. When researching your topic, you want information that has currency. This means _____. A. information you can take to the bank B. information that is up to date C. information you can purchase D. information that is timeless
A
81. Questioning the logic of the authors' conclusions or whether or not they provide adequate evidence is questioning the _________ of the authors' information. A. validity B. currency C. reliability D. relevance
B
82. Cindy mentioned her professor during her speech as a source of information. This mention is called _______. A. bibliographic information B. an oral citation C. a secondary source D. copyright information
D
83. Which of the following will help make researching your topic a more productive experience? A. Keeping accurate records B. Scheduling research time C. Starting early D. All of these answers are correct.
D
84. Which of the following types of links will likely NOT be found on most campus library websites? A. Links to books and reference materials B. Links to academic journals, magazines, and newspapers C. Links to nonprint resources D. Most campus library websites provide links to all of these types of materials.
B
85. Sally wants to use the computer to research her speech topic. To do so, she will need to develop ________ to properly guide the search engines she will use. A. discussion lists B. particular key words C. web directory D. bibliography
C
86. As a general rule, your interview questions should be A. leading questions. B. secondary questions. C. neutral and open-ended. D. All of these answers are correct.
B
87. Which of the following refers to how closely a web page's content is related to the key words used in an Internet search? A. Reliability B. Relevance C. Credibility D. Validity
D
88. A source's complete citation, including author, date of publication, title, place of publication, and publisher is called________________. A. copyright information B. oral citation C. web directory D. bibliographic information
B
89. Metasearch engines should be used when you want to find: A. in-depth information about your topic. B. general information about your topic. C. blogs that are updated daily. D. newspaper archives.
B
9. Public speaking in the time of the Greeks was called A. noise. B. rhetoric. C. mythos. D. pathos.
B
90. "Don't you think Modern Family is the best show on TV?" is an example of a(n) A. open-ended question B. leading question C. neutral question D. secondary question
A
91. Two primary tasks in the opening portion of an interview are A. to establish rapport and provide orientation. B. to establish your need for information and confirm the interviewee's credentials. C. to set up recording equipment and provide the interviewee with a list of questions you will ask. D. to obtain the correct spelling of the interviewee's first and last names.
A
92. You should __________________________before using any files that you have downloaded from the Internet. A. read the copyright information B. conduct research interviews C. edit the files D. None of the above is correct.
C
93. The portion of the World Wide Web composed of specialty databases that are not accessible by traditional search engines is called_________. A a blog B. the web directory C. the deep web D. a sponsored link
B
94. Mary incorporated a story from her childhood into her speech. This type of supporting material is called______________. A. example B. narrative C. definition D. testimony
C
95. "Looking for wild asparagus is like hunting for mushrooms; they are relatively hard to find, but well worth the effort when you do find them." This type of comparison is called______. A. a metaphor B. an anecdote C. an analogy D. a side-by-side
C
96. When Jake defines a word in his speech by using a definition he found in a dictionary, he is giving that word a _______________. A. connotative meaning B. legislative meaning C. denotative meaning D. None of these answers are correct.
D
97. When a speaker defines something by explaining how it works or what it does, this is called what? A. Definition by analogy B. Definition by association C. Definition by example D. Definition by function
D
98. Definitions enable speakers to accomplish which of the following? A. Help audience members understand a topic's scope. B. Increase the likelihood that the speaker and the audience think about the topic in similar ways. C. Tell the audience what the speaker won't be talking about. D. Definitions enable speakers to accomplish all of the above.
C
99. Because they appeal to logic, audience members generally find ______convincing in persuasive situations. A. definitions B. examples C. facts and statistics D. narrative