Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
C5-T1, lies deep within shoulders. Involves ulnar, radial, axillary, and anterior arms.
Brachial plexus
the lumbar and sacral nerves hang below the distal end of the spinal cord
Cauda eqiune
This canal contains the cerbral spinal fluid and is continuous with cavities in the brain
Central Canal
Space between dura matter and vertebral canal
Epidural Space
This space contains areolar CT, blood vessels, and protective adipose tissue
Epidural Space
What structure is a conduit for nerve impulses to and from the brain
Spinal cord
center for spinal reflexes
Spinal cord
slender column of nervous tissue continuous with the brain
Spinal cord
begins at foramen magnum and stops near first second lumbar
Spinal cord begins and ends
An involuntary response to a stimulus
Spinal cord reflexes
these reflexes are Automatic, subconscious responses to stimuli within or outside the body.
Spinal cord reflexes
This space contains Cerebrospinal Fluid - CF- that acts as a shock absorber
Subarachnoid space
T1 to T12
T1- contributes to the nerves of the arms, Remaining supply the trunk of the body
External structure - madeof myelinated axons and dendrites of interneurons
White Matter
CT outermost covering on the entire nerve
epineurium
L1 to L5
hips, pelvic cavity, and legs
this reflex - a simple monosynaptic reflex. helps maintain upright posture
jerk reflex, knee
prevents or limits tissue damage. stimulus is painful and potentially harmful. the response is to pull away
withdrawal reflex
how many lumbar nerves are there
5
how many sacral nerves
5
Dorsal columns and spinothalamic tracts - carry sensory impulses to the brain
Ascending Tracts
How many thoracic nerves are there
12
there are how many pairs of mixed spinal nerves
31
how many cervical nerves are there
8
CT in Spider web arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers. Between arachnoid and pia
Arachnoid Matter
formed by anterior branches of C1-C4. Lies deep in the neck, Supplies muscles and skin of the neck
Cervical plexus
Coricospinal and rubrospinal tracts - carry motor impulses away from the brain
Descending Tracts
cell bodies of sensory neurons whose axons conduct impulses inward from Peripheral body parts
Dorsal root ganglion
Tough Mother , outer layer CT
Dura matter
What is the CT that surrounds individual axons
Endoneurium
term that means a group of cell bodies outside of the CNS
Ganglion
Internal H shape structure - consists of cell bodies of the motor neurons and interneurons
Gray Matter
this test withdraws CSF
Lumbar puncture
T12-S5, from lumbar region into pelvic cavity.
Lumbar sacral plexus
Blood vessels branching - within these - deliver O2 and nutrients to spinal cord
Meninges
provide protection to the spinal cord and provide physical stability
Meninges
This matter is made of Delicate CT and attaches to spinal cord and brain
Pia Matter
Posterior or sensory root (Dorsal root)
axons of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion
C1 to C8 Supplies these three body parts
back of the head, neck, shoulders
crossing of sensory impulses within the reflex center, produce an opposite effect
crosses extensor reflex
An area of the skin that the sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve innervate (supply nerves)
dermatome
Complex networks form by anterior branches of spinal nerves
nerve plexus
what is the CT that surrounds a fascicle
perineurium
pathway nerve impulses travel when a reflex is elicited
reflex arc
do not depend directly on the brain, although the brain may inhibit or enhance them
spinal cord reflexes
union of ventral root and dorsal root
spinal nerve
Axons of motor neurons whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord
ventral root