Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

C5-T1, lies deep within shoulders. Involves ulnar, radial, axillary, and anterior arms.

Brachial plexus

the lumbar and sacral nerves hang below the distal end of the spinal cord

Cauda eqiune

This canal contains the cerbral spinal fluid and is continuous with cavities in the brain

Central Canal

Space between dura matter and vertebral canal

Epidural Space

This space contains areolar CT, blood vessels, and protective adipose tissue

Epidural Space

What structure is a conduit for nerve impulses to and from the brain

Spinal cord

center for spinal reflexes

Spinal cord

slender column of nervous tissue continuous with the brain

Spinal cord

begins at foramen magnum and stops near first second lumbar

Spinal cord begins and ends

An involuntary response to a stimulus

Spinal cord reflexes

these reflexes are Automatic, subconscious responses to stimuli within or outside the body.

Spinal cord reflexes

This space contains Cerebrospinal Fluid - CF- that acts as a shock absorber

Subarachnoid space

T1 to T12

T1- contributes to the nerves of the arms, Remaining supply the trunk of the body

External structure - madeof myelinated axons and dendrites of interneurons

White Matter

CT outermost covering on the entire nerve

epineurium

L1 to L5

hips, pelvic cavity, and legs

this reflex - a simple monosynaptic reflex. helps maintain upright posture

jerk reflex, knee

prevents or limits tissue damage. stimulus is painful and potentially harmful. the response is to pull away

withdrawal reflex

how many lumbar nerves are there

5

how many sacral nerves

5

Dorsal columns and spinothalamic tracts - carry sensory impulses to the brain

Ascending Tracts

How many thoracic nerves are there

12

there are how many pairs of mixed spinal nerves

31

how many cervical nerves are there

8

CT in Spider web arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers. Between arachnoid and pia

Arachnoid Matter

formed by anterior branches of C1-C4. Lies deep in the neck, Supplies muscles and skin of the neck

Cervical plexus

Coricospinal and rubrospinal tracts - carry motor impulses away from the brain

Descending Tracts

cell bodies of sensory neurons whose axons conduct impulses inward from Peripheral body parts

Dorsal root ganglion

Tough Mother , outer layer CT

Dura matter

What is the CT that surrounds individual axons

Endoneurium

term that means a group of cell bodies outside of the CNS

Ganglion

Internal H shape structure - consists of cell bodies of the motor neurons and interneurons

Gray Matter

this test withdraws CSF

Lumbar puncture

T12-S5, from lumbar region into pelvic cavity.

Lumbar sacral plexus

Blood vessels branching - within these - deliver O2 and nutrients to spinal cord

Meninges

provide protection to the spinal cord and provide physical stability

Meninges

This matter is made of Delicate CT and attaches to spinal cord and brain

Pia Matter

Posterior or sensory root (Dorsal root)

axons of sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion

C1 to C8 Supplies these three body parts

back of the head, neck, shoulders

crossing of sensory impulses within the reflex center, produce an opposite effect

crosses extensor reflex

An area of the skin that the sensory nerve fibers of a particular spinal nerve innervate (supply nerves)

dermatome

Complex networks form by anterior branches of spinal nerves

nerve plexus

what is the CT that surrounds a fascicle

perineurium

pathway nerve impulses travel when a reflex is elicited

reflex arc

do not depend directly on the brain, although the brain may inhibit or enhance them

spinal cord reflexes

union of ventral root and dorsal root

spinal nerve

Axons of motor neurons whose cell bodies are in the spinal cord

ventral root