Sports Medicine Final 1st Semester

There are ________ energy calories to one food calorie

1000

The systematic application of exercise stress to stimulate fatigue without injury

Adaptation

A steroid produced both in men and women that can change or enhance growth and development of masculine or feminine traits

Androstendione

________ is produced by both men and women

Androstenedione

A phychphysiological disorder characterized by an abnormal fear of becoming obese, a distored self image, persistant unwillingness to eat, and severe weight loss.

Anorexia nervosa

A tool to clarify and distinguish proper practices from those that can be detrimental and harmful

Athletic code of ethics

The medical standard used to define obesity

BMI body mass index

An eating disorder characterized by episodic binge eating then purging followed by feelings of guilt, depression and self-condemination

Bulimia

A type of training that puts an increased demand on the heart and lungs

Cardiorespitory training

A naturally occuring substance found in human and animal cartilage that is often used as a supplement to treat osteoarthritis

Chrondroitin

An amino acid found naturally in skeletal muscle that is stored for quick energy and is used as a supplement to increase skeletal muscle

Creatine monohydrate

Concussion with loss of consciousness

Defined Medical Emergency

Severe bleeding

Defined Medical Emergency

no pulse

Defined Medical Emergency

A product other than tobacco, intended to enhance the diet that bears or contains one or more of the following dietary ingredients: vitamins, minerals, amino acids, herbs, and/or other botanicals.

Dietary supplement

An activity that causes muscles to contract and shorten

Dynamic exercise

A substance derived from a shrub like plant used as a stimulant to boost energy and weight loss

Ephedra

Any agent that enhances energy utalization, including energy production and efficency

Erogenic aid

A PPE should include a comprehnesive overall assessment only if the athlete has a history of injury in the sport.

False

Athletic Competition and participation has dwindled in the past few decades

False

Because plants do not have muscle tissues, it is not possible for a vegetarian diet to provide all the nesessary amino acids

False

Certifications for athletic trainers requires an associate's degree from a community college.

False

Chiropractors provide adjustment and manipulation of the muscular system

False

Elite level preformers have fewer nervous reactions to stress than do non- elite level performers

False

Ephedera is one of the few substances not banned by the International Olympic Committee (IOC)

False

Fats are components of fatty acids

False

Getting sick to your stomach and throwing up when you are nervous is your body's way of telling you that you are overstressed

False

Glucosamine has proven successful in treating heart problems and high blood pressure.

False

Individuals work in the field of sports medicine must complete at least 4 years of medical school training

False

It is important to have emergency practice sessions once a week

False

One advantage of the station-based PPE is that physicans have access to the athletes medical history.

False

Parents have little say regarding an athlete's daily nutrition

False

Performance in sports is half physical and half mental

False

Practice drills are not nessesary if if a through emergency plan is avaliable

False

The first person to respond to an emergency is usually an EMS provider.

False

The only time to stress is good is when there is no stress

False

The term prehabilatation refers to treatment required by an individual after an injury

False

The term prehabilitation refers to treatment required by an individual after an injury.

False

The unit of energy is the calorie, which is identical to a food calorie

False

Thirty percent of the average person's diet should be from saturated fats

False

Under high levels of stress, athletes typically have a broad attention span

False

When limbs are immobilized to allow broken bones to heal, hypertrophy is a major concern for the muscles of that limb.

False

When limbs are immobilized to allow broken bones to repair, hypertrophy is a major concern for the muscles of that limb

False

When performing procedures outside of their scope of practice and epertisce, certified athletic trainers are protected by the law against law suits.

False

information obtained from a PPE is confedental and should only be viewed by certified athletic trainers

False

male athletes tend to be more flexible than female athletes

False

A collection of symptoms seen in female athletes consisting of disordered eating, amenorrhea, ans osteoperosis (bone loss).

Female athlete triad

The ability to move a joint freely through its full range of motion

Flexibility

An outline for making food selections based on dietary guidelines

Food guide pyramid

A substance produced naturally in the body: it is often used as a supplement to maintain cartalige in the joint

Gluscomine

An erogenic aid produced by the pituitary gland that works to increase amino acid production into protein

Growth hormone

Rehabilitation often uses _______ because the exact area of the muscle weakness can be isolated.

Isometric

an activity where muscle tension increases, but there is no movement

Isometric Exercise

Plant matter used in the form of powders, extracts, teas and tablets believed to have therapudaic benefits

Medicinal herbs

A motor nerve plus all the muscle fibers it stimulates

Motor unit

One of the largest certifying organizations in the united states is the __________.

National athletic trainers assosiation

PTA's work under the supervision of _______.

Physical Therapists

PNF stands for ____.

Proprioceptive nuromuscular facilitation

reletively low-faituge muscle fibers used in exersise such as jogging and aerobic exercises are called

Slow-twitch fibers

Gradually and slowly moving joints beyond the normal range of motion

Static stretching

Discrimination on the basis of sex is prohibited by __________.

Title IX

A disaccharide is made up of two monosaccharides

True

Adolescents who take steroids can prematurely stop growing, resulting in perment short height.

True

All PPE forms should be kept by the school and stored for a minimum of 7 years after the athlete graduates or leaves the school.

True

All members of the athletic training staff are responsible for knowing, and being able to implement, an EAP

True

Athletic trainers typically work varying schedules that often exceed 40 hrs per week.

True

Based on the PPE results athletes may be cleared for participation in some sports but not for others.

True

By setting appropriate goals, an athlete can improve the quality of training and the resulting performance

True

Caffine exaggerates the physical and mental effects of stress

True

Each gram of fat has more than twice the calories of gram of carbohydrate

True

Fiber is not digestible by humans

True

High levels of stress make it more difficult to think clearly

True

Isometric exercise causes a rapid increase in blood pressure

True

Large doses of fat-souluable vitamins can be toxic

True

Local emergency medical services personal should also agree to the specifics of a schools EAP

True

Muscle fiber type appears to play an important role in determining success in some sports, such as sprints, but not in other sports, such as shot-putting

True

One advantage of the office based PPE is the ability to establish a relationship between the athlete and the physican

True

One member of the athletic staff on the scene should be assigned to activate the EMS system

True

One of the biggest problems with caffeine can result in dehydration

True

People who use diet is too low in fat often suffer from certain vitamin deficiencies

True

Short term goals should involve time frames no longer than a few months, sometimes as short as a day

True

Side effects of growth hormone use are heart disease, impotence, osteoporosis and death

True

Sighing as you exhale is more relaxing then not sighing

True

The FDA does not test the safety or effectiveness of herbal products before they reach the market

True

The advantage of getting complex carbohydrates from fruits and vegetable is that these foods also provide vitamins and minerals

True

The body's stress response, which is commonly referred to as the flight or fight response that allows us to do superhuman feats

True

The clammy feeling we often get when stressed is caused by your body's natural defence against bleeding to death

True

The emergency perparedness team can include bystanders if nessesary

True

The human body cannot recognize the difference between natural vitamins and synthetic vitamins

True

The minimum training for the athletic training staff should be CPR and first aid

True

The purpose of progressive resistance exercise is to allow the body to adapt to the increased demand placed upon it

True

The purpose of progressive resistance exercise is to allow the body to adapt to the increased demand placed upon it.

True

There are currently two national credentals for specialized fitness instructors, the CSCS and the NSCA-CPT

True

Title IX from the early 1970's is one of the reasons athletic trainers are in such demand today.

True

Under stress, athletes often revert to their most well learned behaviors

True

Which of the following is not a result of cardiorespitory conditioning? a. Decreased heart size b. Decreased blood pressure c. More efficient oxygen use d. Increased resting motabilism e. All of the above are the result of cardiopulmonary motabalism

a. Decreased heart size

Which of the following supplements has been used for weight loss? a. Ephedrine b. Glucosomine c. Chondronin d. Ginseng e. Anabiolic steroids

a. Ephedrine

Which of the following is true of muscle overload? a. Muscles increase their strength when they are forced to contract at tensions close to their maximum b. Muscle injury can occur if the muscle maximum is exceeded c. The ideal number of repetitions is between 10 and 20 d. To get the maximum benefit, rest periods should be taken no more than every three or four sets e. All of the above

a. Muscles increase their strength when they are forced to contract at tensions close to their maximum

Which of the following is true of muscle overload? a. Muscles increase their strength when they are forced to contract at tensions close to their maximum. b. Muscle injury can occur if the muscle maximum is exceeded. c. The ideal number of repititions is between 10 and 20. d. To get the maximum benefit, rest periods should be taken no more than every three to four sets. e. All of the above.

a. Muscles increase their strength when they are forced to contract at tensions close to their maximum

Which of the following is not true of anabolic steroids a. They are chemically related to the male sex hormone, estrogen. b. They are only avaliable legally by perscription c. Users can minimize negative effects by stacking and cycling d. Proven side effects include liver cancer, high blood pressure, and problems with cholesterol e. All of the above are true

a. They are chemically related to the male sex hormone, estrogen.

Carbohydrates a. are the body's primary source of fuel b. help insulate the body c. are used to produce antibodies and enzymes d. are stored in the liver as fat e. should make up to 20% of the human diet

a. are the body's primary source of food

The athlete's circle of care is centered on the: a. athlete b. coach c. parents d. family doctor e. certified athletic trainer

a. athlete

The basic building block of proteins is an _________

amino acid

An athlete's medical care must be directed by the a. team coach b. team or family doctor c. certified athletic trainer d. physical therapist e. injured athlete

b. family doctor

Which of the following is true of amino acids? a. essential amino acids are manufactured by the body b. most plant proteins are incomplete c. amino acids are recombined by the body into useful carbohydrates d. the body uses eleven different amino acids for all of its processes e. none of the above

b. most plant proteins are incomplete

which of the following plants are found in seafood? a. trans fats b. polyunsaturated fats c. saturated fats d. monounsaturated fats e. none of the above

b. polyunsaturated fats

Which of the following is not true about vitamins? a. the only disorders vitamins can cure are those caused by vitamin deficencies b. vitamins are an important source of energy for the body c. a well balanced diet proves the body with all the vitamins it needs d. vitamins do not build stronger muscles e. all of the above are true

b. vitamins are an important source of energy in the body

Which of the following is true of stress in athletics? a. An athlete should attempt to eliminate all stress because it can do nothing but hinder performance b. Burnout is a separate problem from stress and must be dealt with separate c. Injuries can cause excessive stress for an athlete in places where it was never a factor prior to the injury d. One of the most successful ways to cope with stress is the use of antidepressant medication e. None of the above

c. Injuries can cause excessive stress for an athlete in places where it was never a factor prior to the injury

Which of the following types of stretching is designed to be done with a qualified assistant? a. Static b. Ballistic c. PNF d. All of the above e. None of the above

c. PNF

Which of the following is not an example of intrensic movtivation? a. Personal achievment b. Enjoyment c. Praise d. Self- confedence e. all of the above

c. Praise

Which of the following is not a goal of the PPE? a. evaluate the level of maturity for young athletes b. disclose defects that might limit participation c. Determine the athletes skills d. determine the athletes general health e. all of the above are goals of the PPE

c. determine the athletes skills

Which of the following is not a symptom of disordered eating? a. trips to the bathrooms after meals b. anemia c. hyperactivity d. eroded tooth enamel e. all above are symptoms

c. hyperactivity

Which of the following is not true of glucose? a. it is a monosaccharide, or simple sugar b. it is the end product of starch digestion c. it's levels in the blood are increased by insulin d. it can be be converted into glycogen for storage e. all of the above are true

c. it's levels in the blood are increased by insulin

Which of the following is not a polysaccharide? a. starch b. cellulose c. sucrose d. glycogen e. all of the above are polysaccharide

c. sucrose

The practice domains of athletic training include all of the following except: a. immediate care b. prevention c. writing prescriptions d. organization and administration e. recognition, evaluation, and assessment

c. writing prescriptions

An alkaloid present in coffee, sodas, and chocolate that acts as a stimulant and is believed to enhance endurance and improve reaction times.

caffeine

One supplement that has proven abilities to treat osteoperosis and is found naturally in human and in animal cardalige is ____________

chondroition

If a food contains all the amino acids, its called a _________

complete protein

Which of the following is true about fast-twitch muscle fibers? a. They atrophy faster than slow-twitch fibers b. They are used primarely for slow, low- intensity exercise c. All humans have the same proportion of fast-to slow-twitch fibers d. They fatigue rapidly e. All of the above

d. They fatigue rapidly

Which of the following is true of fast-twitch muscle fibers? a. They atrophy faster than slow-twitch fibers b. They are used primaily for slow, low-intentecity exercises c. All humans have the same proportion of fast-to slow-twitch fibers d. They fatigue rapidly e. All of the above

d. They fatigue rapidly

Which of the following is not a way that the body uses energy? a. For growth and repair b. To contract muscles c. For heat production d. To convert light into carbohydrates e. All of the above are uses for energy

d. To convert light energy into carbohydrates

Teaching the athlete how to compete without injury is the responcibility of the: a. athletic trainer b. parents c. physical therapist d. coach e. sports nutritionists

d. coach

All of the following board certified physician programs provide eligiblity for a subspecality qualification in sports med except for: a. family practice b. emergency medicine c. internal medicine d. generics e. pediatrics

d. generics

certified athletic trainers are likely to be found in all the following settings except: a. public and private high schools b. health and fitness centers c. olympic teams d. little league competitions e. professional sports teams

d. little league competitions

Which of the following is not a question PPE physicans should consider if they find a problem? a. Can an athlete safely participate with treatment? b. Is another participant at risk for injury? c. Does the problem place an athlete at risk for injury? d. Will the problem cause the athlete to preform poorly? e. all of the above should be considered by the physican.

d. will the problem cause the athlete to preform poorly?

fracture

defined medical emergecy

Neck injury

defined medical emergency

heart-related illnesses

defined medical emergency

severe asthma attack

defined medical emergency

signs of shock present

defined medical emergency

eye injury

defined medical injury

spinal injury

defined medical injury

The disorder _______ is the result of not producing enough functional insulin

diabetes

Warming up and stretching help prepare for muscle use by a. Increasing the respitiarory rate b. Increasing oxygen delivery to the muscles c. Increasing heart rate d. Increasing range of motion e. All of the above

e. All of the above

When setting goals, an athlete should do the following except for? a. Set priorities to avoid feeling overwhelmed b. Write down goals c. Set performance, not outcome, goals to measure goals that the athlete has no control over d. Keep operational goals big to remain focused on the long term e. All of the above

e. All of the above

Which of the following would not be considered a way to achieve cardiorespitory coditioning? a. jogging b. swimming c. cycling d. cross-country skiing e. circuit training

e. Circuit training

Which of the following mental conditions has not been associated with the use of anabolic steroids? a. agressive behavior b. paranoid jelousy c. mood swings d. delusions e. all of the above are associated with steroids

e. all of the above are associated with steroids

To minimize exposure to lawsuits athletic trainers should : a. always keep the door to the training room unlocked, for access by coaches and athletes b. consult the team physician only when a lawsuit seems imminent c. inspect practice and game facilities on a monthly basis d. leave parent contact up to the coach and their assistants e. keep proper documentation and maintain accurate records

e. keep proper documentation and maintain accurate records

_____ can change form, but cannot be created or destroyed

energy

Nonemergencies do not need to be reported to the certified athletic trainer

false

Treatments of nonemergencies is optional

false

The term _________ refers to an increase in muscle size, usually due to working the muscle beyond its normal limits

hypertrophy

an increase in muscle size

hypertrophy

The term _____ is defined as the state of being legally obbloged and responsible

liability

contusion

non emergency

abrasion

nonemergency

concussion without loss of concousness

nonemergency

small cuts

nonemergency

sprain

nonemergency

strain

nonemergency

reletively low-fatigue muscle fibers used in exercises such as jogging and aerobic exercises are called ______.

slow-twitch fibers