SSG 101 - Unit 1 (Multichoice), SSG 101 - Unit 1 (True/False), SSG 101 - Unit 4 (True/False), SSG 101 - Unit 2 (Multichoice), SSG 101 - Unit 2 (True/False), SSG 101 - Unit 3 (Multichoice), SSG 101 - Unit 3 (True/False), SSG 101 - Unit 4 (Multichoice)...
F
Edward Hall's work on cultural differences identifies 2 dimensions that characterize cultural groups: uncertainty avoidance and masculine-feminine values. (T/F)
F
Employers view proficiency in a field of study as more important than group communication skills.
F
Empowered groups feel free to exert control over other groups in order to achieve their personal goals.
B
Ernest Bormann's description of _________ resembles Tuckman's forming stage of group development. a. secondary tension b. primary tension c. the norming stage d. the performing stage e. the adjourning stage
A
Ernest Bormann's description of primary tension resembles Tuckman's _________ stage of group development. a. forming b. storming c. norming d. performing e. adjourning
F
Feedback is always verbal rather than nonverbal
F
Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness claims that there are 2 important dimensions to every leadership situation: the level of leader charisma and the level of leader power. (T/F)
E
Fred Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness claims that relationship-motivated leaders a. may ignore task requirements. b. may tolerate disruptive behavior by members. c. may appear inefficient and weak. d. may do the work of other members to avoid asking them to do more. e. may do all of the above.
A
Fred Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness contends that the 3 important dimensions in every leadership situation are a. leader-member relations, task structure, and the leader's amount of power and control. b. the leader's style, the leadershipsituation, and the leader's character. c. the leader's charisma, vision, and creativity. d. the leader's ability to model leadership behavior, to motivate group members, and to make decisions. e. the leader's use of autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire styles.
T
Functional Leadership Theory claims that an effective group can have more than one member serving in a leadership role. (T/F)
C
In which of which of Carolyn Anderson's group socialization stages do members adjust to group expectations, assume needed roles, and balance their personal goals with the group's goals? a. antecedent phase b. anticipatory phase c. encounter phrase d. assimilation phase e. exit phase
F
In light of Myers-Briggs personality traits, women will be more successful in groups if they do not use sarcasm withmale members or tell them that they're illogical. (T/F)
F
In low power distance cultures, members accept major differences in power as normal, assuming that all people are not created equal. (T/F)
T
In mature and highly productive groups, a laissez-faire leader may be a good match for the group. (T/F)
T
In the 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness, leaders Manage group process by organizing and fully preparing for group meetings and work sessions. (T/F)
T
In the best of groups, individual goals support the group's common goal.
B
In the homogeneous ↔ heterogeneous group dialectic, homogeneous refers to a. a group composed of members who are different from one another. b. a group composed of members who are the same or similar. c. a group with a mixed sexual orientation. d. a group of men. e. a group of women.
B
In which of Tuckman's Group Development Stages are members socially cautious and overly polite? a. adjourning b. forming c. performing d. norming e. storming
D
In which of Tuckman's Group Development Stages do members resolve status conflicts and learn to work as a cohesive team? a. performing b. storming c. adjourning d. norming e. forming
D
In which of which of Carolyn Anderson's group socialization stages do members become fully integrated into the group's culture? a. antecedent phase b. anticipatory phase c. encounter phrase d. assimilation phase e. exit phase
B
Oscar is very outgoing and tends to talk more than others during group discussions. He enjoys working in the group and encourages others to get involved. Which Myers-Briggspersonality trait best describes Jasper? a. thinker b. extrovert c. feeler d. introvert e. sensor
B
The 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness focuses on all of the following interdependent leadership functions EXCEPT a. making decisions. b. mediating conflict. c. managing group process. d. mentoring members. e. modeling leadership behavior.
A
The Center for Business Ethics at Bentley College poses all of the following questions to help leaders decide whether their behavior is ethical EXCEPT a. Do you avoid expressing your own opinions to make sure that they do not influence how group members think and act? b. Are you fair when dealing with group members? c. Do you conform to universally accepted principles of what is right? d. Do your decisions or actions "smell" suspicious or bad? e. Do you try to do the greatest good for the greatest number of people?
B
When a group member exhibits a unique set of skills or behavioral patterns that serve specific functions within the group, that member has assumed a(n) ___________. a. norm b. role c. autocratic function d. abdicratic function e. leadership function
F
When a highly disruptive member prevents a group from achieving its common goals, a group should use the following strategies—in the following order—to deal with the troublesome member: confront, exclude, and accept. (T/F)
T
When a task is complex and the answers are unclear, an effective group will perform better than individuals working alone.
E
When analyzing and adapting group member diversity, you should consider members' a. race. b. gender. c. age. d. sexual orientation. e. all of the above
T
When deciding how to say "No" to someone, make sure your statement is clear, as in "No, I'm not willing to take notes again." (T/F)
T
You can help satisfy a member's control need by giving that person responsibility for and leadership of a special project or a highly visible and important subcommittee. (T/F)
T
Sensor personalities in the Myers-Briggs typology prefer to deal with details. (T/F)
T
You can change group communication norms by changing the way you speak during a discussion. (T/F)
D
According to Hofstede, the people of Japan, Venezuela, and Italy live in a(n) ________________ culture. a. individualistic b. high power distance c. low power distance d. masculine e. monochronic
B
All of the following functions are group task roles EXCEPT a. initiator. b. compromiser. c. clarifier-summarizer. d. opinion seeker. e. evaluator-critic.
F
Groups should avoid discussing hidden agendas openly in order to avoid member embarrassment and the potential for interpersonal conflict. (T/F)
T
Groups without constructive conflict have difficulty analyzing the wisdom of their decisions.
C
Guests who appear on talk shows and interact with other guests for the benefit of an audience are participating in a a. symposium. b. forum. c. panel discussion. d. governance group. e. service group.
T
If Julie confides in and tries to become very close with every group member, she may be exhibiting behavior characteristic of an overpersonal member. (T/F)
T
In his book, Good to Great, Jim Collins claims that effective leaders act modestly, do not boast, and shun public glorification. (T/F)
T
4 barriers to working in diverse groups are ethnocentrism, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. (T/F)
T
4 of Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions are individualism-collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculine-feminine values. (T/F)
F
"Ad hoc" committees remain active in order toaccomplish ongoing tasks on behalf of a larger group.
A
"I will check our Affirmative Action Policy and see what it says about. . . ." This statement would most likely be made by a group member functioning in which of the following task roles? a. information seeker b. information giver c. opinion seeker d. opinion giver e. clarifier-summarizer
D
"Maria, we haven't heard from you yet and want to make sure that everyone gets a chance to weigh in on this issue. " Thisstatement would most likely be made by a group member functioning in which of the following roles? a. harmonizer b. standard monitor c. observer-interpreter d. gatekeeper e. procedural technician
A
"That's fine with me. Just tell me what to do." This statement would most likely be made by a group member functioning in which of the following roles? a. teamworker-follower b. deserter c. harmonizer d. blocker e. tension releaser
F
"Two's company; three's a crowd" and "Music makes the world go 'round" are examples of dialectic tensions.
C
A 2007 study of college students investigating whether men or women talk more found that a. it was impossible to determine which gender talked the most. b. the number of words uttered by men and women are about the same. c. generally, men talk more than women. d. generally, women talk more than men. e. men talk more with their parents and insituations where the topic of conversation requires disclosure of feelings.
T
A Microsoft study found that nonproductivemeetings can waste 2 of every 5 workdays.
C
A both/and approach to resolving dialectic tensions in groups empowers members. Which of the following examples demonstrates the characteristics of autonomy in an empowered group? a. The group believes it has the ability to achieve its common goal. b. The group believes that its common goal is important and worthwhile. c. The group has the freedom to make decisions and implements its decisions. d. The group believes that its work produces significant benefits for other people and organizations. e. The group has high morale and understands the value of play as well as work.
B
A college appoints a moderator and holds an open discussion to provide students with the opportunity to ask questionsand express their concerns regarding a proposed increase in tuition. This settingfor group communication is an example of a a. symposium. b. forum. c. panel discussion. d. governance group. e. service group.
D
A college's Board of Trustees that makes public policy decisions may be classified as a a. symposium. b. forum. c. panel discussion. d. governance group. e. service group.
T
A culture is a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs, values, and norms which affect the behaviors of a relatively large group of people. (T/F)
T
A designated leader is selected by group members or by an outside authority. (T/F)
T
A group of 5 members has the potential for 90 different types of interaction.
A
A group of police officers presenting short, uninterrupted speeches on different aspects of community safety are participating in a a. symposium. b. forum. c. panel discussion. d. governance group. e. self-help group.
E
A group with 7 members has the potential for _______ different types of interactions. a. 9 b. 90 c. 666 d. 900 e. 966
E
A leader who prefers a democratic approach to decision making and leadership may frustrate members who come from a(n) ____________ culture. a. uncertainty avoidance b. high-context c. low-context d. low power distance e. high power distance
T
A leader who prefers a democratic approach to decision making may frustrate members who come from high power distance cultures. (T/F)
B
A local Alcoholics Anonymous chapter is an example of a a. primary group. b. self-help group. c. learning group. d. service group. e. public group.
T
A member who seeks attention or tries to impress other members may have a strong inclusion need. (T/F)
T
According to Hersey and Blanchard, "member readiness" refers to the extent to which members are willing and able to work together. (T/F)
T
A soft speaking voice can create noise in a communication transaction.
B
A stamp collecting club is an example a a. self-help group. b. social group. c. learning group. d. service group. e. public group.
T
A study of college students in the 1990s found that African Americans were stereotyped as lazy and loud, and Jews were described as shrewd and intelligent. (T/F)
B
A supervisor threatens to dismiss any member of the sales team who does not meet the sales quota by the end of the quarter. What type of power is this leader using? a. referent power b. coercive power c. reward power d. legitimate power e. expert power
A
A virtual group is one which a. relies on technology to communicate. b. exists only for a short period of time. c. lacks a leader. d. lacks a clear purpose. e. has the same dynamic as other groups.
B
According to Hofstede's dimensions of culture, which country is ranked #1 in terms of masculine values? a. U.S.A. b. Japan c. Italy d. Mexico e. Israel
F
In his book, Good to Great, Jim Collins claims that effective leaders do what needs to be done to achieve the group's goal inorder to win public fame and fortune. (T/F)
F
About 70% of the world's population regards independence and individualism as a more important value than collectivism. (T/F)
B
According to Belvin's Team-Role Theory, which of the following roles describes a conscientious, methodical person who transforms group decisions into practical actions? a. harmonizer b. implementer c. shaper d. gatekeeper e. resource investigator
T
According to Belvin, a successful coordinator/chair role is filled by a person who is calm, trusting, mature, confident, and decisive. (T/F)
T
According to Benne and Sheats, the gatekeeper of a group encourages quiet members to speak and talkative members to stop speaking. (T/F)
F
According to Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness, relationship-motivated leaders perform best in extremes—such as when the situation is highly controlled or when it is almost out of control. (T/F)
T
According to Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness, task-motivated leaders gain satisfaction from completing a task even if the cost is bad feelings between the leader and group members. (T/F)
D
According to Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness, which of the following situations is the best match for a relationship-motivated leader? a. There are good leader-member relationships, a clear task, and a lot of power. b. There are poor leader-member relationships, an unclear task, and little power. c. There are good leader-member relationships, a moderately clear task, and no legitimate power. d. There are moderately good leader-member relationships, a moderately clear task, and a moderate amount of power. e. none of the above
F
According to Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Model, a leader should tell a group what to do and closely supervise its work when members are able but not unwilling or insecure. (T/F)
C
According to Locke and Latham's Goal Theory, all of the following criteria are critical for developing effective group goals EXCEPT a. the goals are specific. b. the goals are accepted by members. c. the goals are simple and easy to achieve. d. the goals are set by members and the group. e. the goals allow for member growth.
E
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, in what order do we satisfy the following needs? a. safety, self-actualization, esteem, belongingness, physiological b. self-actualization, esteem, safety, physiological, belongingness c. esteem, physiological, belongingness, self-actualization, safety d. belongingness, physiological, safety, self-actualization, esteem e. physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization
B
According to McCroskey's research, what percent of the general population experiences very high levels of communication apprehension? a. 10% b. 20% c. 30% d. 40% e. 50%
A
According to Schutz's FIRO Theory, a group member who feels accepted by the group is an a. ideal social member. b. undersocial member. c. ideal personal member. d. overpersonal member. e. underpersonal member.
D
According to Schutz's FIRO Theory, if group members' affection needs are not met, they may become a. undersocial or oversocial members. b. abdicrats or autocratics. c. ideal personal or ideal social members. d. overpersonal or underpersonal members. e. undersocial or underpersonal members.
F
According to Styles Leadership Theory, the democratic leadership style is always best. (T/F)
T
According to a study commissioned by the Association of American Colleges and Universities, "teamwork skills and the ability to collaborate with others in diverse group settings" was ranked first as an essential learning outcome in 2 of 4 major categories.
T
According to researchers, reward, legitimate, and coercive power are less effective than referent and expert power. (T/F)
C
According to the 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness, all of the following items are characteristic of effective decision making by group leaders EXCEPT a. the ability to make timely decisions. b. the ability to provide a rationale for decisions. c. the ability to identify and make popular decisions. d. the willingness to solicit feedback. e. the ability to clearly communicate the reasons for a decision to the group.
T
According to the 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness, effective leaders explain the rationale or reasons for the decisions they make. (T/F)
F
According to the Center for Business Ethics, an ethical leader would by pass a competent person in order to promote a less competent relative or close friend. (T/F)
D
According to the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model, a leader should try to ____________ when group members are able as well as willing and confident. a. tell b. sell c. participate d. delegate e. tell and sell
A
According to the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Model, as a group's readiness increases, leaders should move through 4 different leadership behaviors. Which answer depicts the order in which these behaviors usually occur? a. tell, sell, participate, delegate b. participate, delegate, tell, sell c. sell, participate, tell, delegate d. delegate, participate, sell, tell e. tell, delegate, sell, participate
T
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, perceivers value flexibility, dislike deadlines, and often do their work at the last minute. (T/F)
T
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, sensor is the opposite personality trait preference of intuitive. (T/F)
E
According to your textbook, a group's context refers to a. the type and size of the group. b. the group's physical and psychological setting. c. the group's purpose, history, and status. d. the characteristics of and relationships among group members. e. all of the above.
F
According to your textbook, leadership is the single factor that separates successful groups from unsuccessful groups.
B
According to your textbook, the most important factor separating successful groups from unsuccessful ones is a. having a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 12 members in a group. b. a clear goal. c. strong leadership. d. member independence and interdependence. e. group morale.
D
According to your textbook, there are 3 levelsof diversity in every group. Which of the following dimensions characterize the third (external) dimension? a. personality dimensions b. race, gender, and age c. physical characteristics and abilities d. education, religion, and income e. sexual orientation
T
In light of Myers-Briggs personality traits, women may be more effective by asking men what they think rather than what they feel. (T/F)
F
Aggressive communicators ask and answer questions without fear or hostility and stand up for their beliefs even when others disagree. (T/F)
T
All groups need leadership. (T/F)
D
All of the following are characteristics of aggressive group members EXCEPT a. They often act in their own self-interest. b. They may be critical and combative. c. They may become abusive. d. They are highly respected. e. They are rarely satisfied with the group experience.
C
All of the following are characteristics of passive (nonassertive) group members EXCEPT a. They are reluctant to express opinions. b. They fear criticism from others. c. They feel a greater sense of power. d. They may experience high levels of communication apprehension. e. They are rarely satisfied with the group experience.
C
All of the following are characteristics of passive-aggressive group members EXCEPT a. They undermine others behind their backs. b. They rarely exhibit aggressive behaviors. c. They usually follow through with promised contributions. d. They have little respect for the rights of others. e. They usually behave cooperatively.
E
All of the following are means of providing constructive feedback EXCEPT a. Focus on the behaviors rather than the person. b. Describe the behavior rather than judging it. c. Provide observations rather than assumptions. d. Choose an appropriate time and place. e. Give feedback to advance your own goals.
D
All of the following behaviors are recommended strategies for becoming an emergent group leader EXCEPT a. Talk early. b. Talk often. c. Know more about important topics. d. Avoid expressing your own opinion. e. Volunteer for meaningful roles.
A
All of the following characteristics distinguish transformational leadership EXCEPT a. experience. b. empowering. c. innovative. d. visionary. e. charismatic.
C
All of the following communication behaviors are discussed in Cheris Kramarae's Muted Group Theory EXCEPT a. Power imbalances affect the quantity and quality of group participation by women as well as the poor and other minorities. b. The English language is manmade. c. Women should avoid challenging men in positions of power. d. Women should become more politically active. e. Male dominance limits freedom of expression by women, the poor, and other minorities.
E
All of the following functions are group maintenance roles EXCEPT a. harmonizer. b. tension releaser. c. gatekeeper. d. observer-interpreter. e. information giver.
D
All of the following pairs of common folk proverbs illustrate the contradictory nature of dialectic tensions EXCEPT a. "Opposites attract" and "Birds of a feather flock together." b. "Two's company, three's a crowd" and "The more the merrier." c. "Look before you leap" and "He who hesitates is lost." d. "Waste not, want not" and "Music makes the world go 'round. " e. "To know him is to love him" and "Familiarity breeds contempt."
A
All of the following principles of ethical communication are included in the National Communication Association's Credo for Ethical Communication EXCEPT a. We endorse freedom of speech only when the truth does not cause detrimental results or harm others. b. We advocate truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of communication. c. We strive to understand and respect other communicators before evaluating and responding to their messages. d. We are committed to the courageous expression of personal conviction in pursuit of fairness and justice. e. We promote a communication climate of caring and mutual understanding.
C
All of the following statements about religion are true EXCEPT a. Mormonism is a Christian faith founded in the United States. b. 1/3 of the world's population is Christian. c. 1/2 of the world's population is Muslim. d. Islam is a monotheistic religion (belief in one God) just like Christianity and Judaism. e. Roman Catholics throughout the world outnumber all other Christians combined.
A
All of the following statements are characteristics of people who have prejudices EXCEPT a. They deny opportunities granted to certain groups of people such as employment, equal rights, and housing. b. Their beliefs about others are rarely based on extensive experience and firsthand knowledge. c. They have irrational feelings or dislike for certain groups. d. They justify negative feelings toward members of certain groups. e. They have negative attitudes about people that are based on faulty stereotypes.
B
All of the following statements are true about hidden agendas EXCEPT a. Hidden agendas exist in most groups. b. Hidden agendas occur when there is poor group leadership. c. Hidden agendas disrupt the flow of communication. d. Hidden agendas should be discussed and dealt with by the group. e. Hidden agendas do not cause problems in a group.
T
Although group norms are often difficult to express in words, they are real and have a major effect on group productivity and member satisfaction. (T/F)
T
American Indian tribes, African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, Asian Americans, Arab Americans, Irish Americans, and members of large and small religious groups are all examples of co-cultures. (T/F)
T
An abdicrat is a group member whose control needs are met, who has no problem with power, and who is comfortable giving and taking orders. (T/F)
F
An opinion seeker is fulfilling group maintenance roles. (T/F)
T
As a result of talking less, apprehensive participants are often viewed as less confident, less assertive, and less responsible. (T/F)
A
As chairperson of the PTA's election committee, Vicky believes in practicing social equality. She shares decision making with the group. According to Styles Leadership Theory, which leadership style is Vicky using? a. democratic b. autocratic c. situational d. laissez-faire e. functional
F
As groups grow larger, member satisfaction increases.
B
As the group's leader, Grace makes sure that everyone in her group is committed to the group's common goal. She also helps solve interpersonal problems and conflicts, recognizing outstanding group work. Which of the following leadership functions in the 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness does Grace's behavior exemplify? a. Modeling leadership behavior b. Motivating members c. Managing group process d. Making decisions e. Mentoring members
T
Assertiveness can help raise a group member's level of confidence and reduce communication apprehension. (T/F)
B
Assertiveness seeks an appropriate balance between a. engagement and disengagement. b. passivity and aggression. c. conformity and nonconformity. d. conflict and cohesion. e. high apprehension and low apprehension.
F
Asynchronous group communication occurs simultaneously and in real time.
C
At the end of every month, a sales manager offers a cash bonus to the most successful salesperson. What type of power is this leader using? a. informational power b. coercive power c. reward power d. legitimate power e. expert power
E
Autocratic leaders a. are always counterproductive. b. make many of the group's decisions. c. expect followers to obey orders. d. Both a and b. e. Both b and c.
T
Autocratic leaders may be effective during a serious crisis when there's not enough time to hold a group discussion. (T/F)
T
Baby Boomers—the workaholic generation—are often adept when it comes to navigating political minefields in the workplace. (T/F)
B
Because most members of a new group want to create a good first impression, they tend to be overly polite with one another during their initial meetings. They don't interrupt one another and avoid expressingstrong opinions. These behaviors are characteristic of a. dialectic tension. b. primary tension. c. secondary tension. d. tertiary tension. e. assimilation tension.
F
Belvin's team roles include information seeker, energizer, harmonizer, compromiser, aggressor, and clown. (T/F)
T
Benne and Sheats's roles include information seeker, energizer, harmonizer, compromiser, aggressor, and clown. (T/F)
T
Bennis and Nanus claim that power is the quality without which leaders cannot lead. (T/F)
T
Books such as Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venushave perpetuated stereotypes that cause harm to bothmen and women, including women's opportunities in the workplace, couple conflict and communication, and self-esteem problems among teenagers. (T/F)
T
Bormann's secondary tension has similar characteristics to the behavior of members during Tuckman's storming stage of group development. (T/F)
T
Carl Larson and Frank LaFasto describe principled leadership as the ability of leaders to curb their own ego needs in favor of the group's goal. (T/F)
F
Charismatic leaders rely on reward, coercive, and legitimate power. (T/F)
T
Cheris Kramarae's Muted Group Theory claims that those with power in a society "mute" the voices of women, the poor, and other minority groups. (T/F)
T
During the forming stage of Tuckman's Group Development model, the group's most important job to "orient itself to itself." (T/F)
T
Coercive power can be effective when group members are aware of the leader's expectations and are warned in advance about the penalties for failing to comply. (T/F)
C
Cognitive restructuring is an anxiety reduction technique that involves a. learning communication skills such as following an agenda, speaking clearly, and becoming more sensitive to feedback. b. taking time to visualize yourself communicating effectively. c. substituting worrisome, irrational thoughts about communicating with more positive thoughts. d. relaxing physically in order to relax your mind. e. realizing that you are not the only person who gets nervous when called upon to speak in front of others.
D
Collectivist cultures place greater value on a. uncertainty. b. esteem and self-actualization needs. c. personal freedom. d. collaboration and cooperation. e. directness of communication.
T
Communication apprehension has significant effects on the amount of talk, the content of communication, and the resulting perceptions of other group members. (T/F)
F
Communication apprehension occurs only in a public speaking situation. (T/F)
C
Compulsive talkers tend to a. encourage participation by all group members. b. feel more inhibited in group settings. c. dominate discussions. d. experience high levels of communication apprehension. e. do all of the above.
T
Compulsive talkers try or tend to direct the course of a group's discussion and take charge of the group. (T/F)
D
Control in a group refers to the a. individual holding an official leadership position. b. individual holding an unofficial leadership position. c. extent to which members behave as though they know more than everyone else. d. extent to which members feel competent, confident, and free to make their own decisions. e. extent to which meetings stay on the agenda.
F
During the norming stage of group development, groups primarily confront the conflict ↔ cohesion dialectic and the leadership ↔ followership dialectic. (T/F)
B
Dennis is always the most organized member of his group. He frequently encourages the group to plan ahead. He develops lengthy "To Do" lists of tasks for the group to follow. Which Myers-Briggs personality trait best describes Dennis? a. sensor b. judger c. intuitive d. perceiver e. thinker
T
Destructive nonconformity occurs when a member resists conforming to norms without regard for the best interests of the group and its goals. (T/F)
C
Dianna has been elected as leader of the research group because she has published more than any other team member on the research topic. What type of power is this? a. referent power b. coercive power c. informational power d. legitimate power e. reward power
T
Discrimination describes how we act out and express prejudices. (T/F)
F
During Tuckman's performing stage of group development, feelings of trust and clear goals emerge as members become more comfortable with one another and agree upon group procedures. (T/F)
T
During Tuckman's performing stage of group development, members focus their energies on both the task and social dimensions of group work as they make major decisions and solve critical problems. (T/F)
C
During the 1990s, ______________ were the fastest growing racial/ethnic group. a. African Americans b. Asian Americans c. Hispanic/Latino Americans d. European Americans e. Native Americans
F
During the 1990s, the African American population increased 58%, and the European American population increased 48%. (T/F)
F
During the antecedent phase of newcomer socialization, new members adjust to group expectations and assume needed roles. (T/F)
T
During the assimilation phrase of newcomer socialization, established members and newcomers blend into a comfortable state of working together to achieve a common goal. (T/F)
F
Ethnocentrism is a generalization about a group of people that oversimplifies their characteristics. (T/F)
D
Even though Wayne is chairperson of the finance committee, he does little or nothing to help the group. He tends to let the group take charge of its decisions and actions. Which leadership style is Wayne using? a. democratic b. autocratic c. situational d. laissez-faire e. functional
D
Even when everyone else in the group is upset or confused, Anthony stays cool, calm, and objective. He doesn't mind making tough decisions and can't understand why other group members get upset about things that are not relevant to the issue under discussion. In most situations, Anthony thinks it is more important to be right than liked. Which Myers-Briggspersonality trait best describes Anthony? a. extrovert b. sensor c. intuitive d. thinker e. perceiver
F
Explicit norms are rarely discussed or openly communicated, whereas implicit norms are put in writing or stated verbally. (T/F)
T
Face-to-face meetings may be desirable inthe early stages of virtual groups. (T/F)
F
Generally, a smart person can generatemore innovative ideas and creative solutions than a group can.
T
Generally, there are 2 sources of noise: external and internal.
F
Generation Xers or the Generation X are confident and have high self-esteem. They like to collaborate and favor teamwork. (T/F)
T
Germans represent people from a low-context culture. (T/F)
F
Group maintenance roles affect a group's ability to achieve its common goal by focusing on behaviors that help get the job done. (T/F)
T
Group member effectiveness increases as you move from passivity to assertiveness and then decreases as you move beyond assertiveness into aggressiveness. (T/F)
T
Group members from uncertainty avoidance cultures want more structure and instruction from a leader. (T/F)
T
Group members who experience communication apprehension tend to speak less, agree with others rather than voice disagreement, and use more filler phrases such as "well," "you know," and "uh." (T/F)
T
Group members who speak more are often better liked than those who speak infrequently and are more likely to become a group's leader. (T/F)
A
Group members with low levels of communication apprehension can help members with high apprehension reduce their level of fear and anxieties about communicating by using all of the following strategies EXCEPT a. openly discuss a member's apprehension with the entire group. b. provide supportive and constructive feedback. c. actively encourage and include anxious members in group discussions. d. stop talking. e. ask questions that the apprehensive members know how to answer.
T
Group members with more feminine cultural values may be highly effective and supportive but are less likely to achieve a real voice or influence in group decision making or leadership. (T/F)
T
Groups resolve primary tension by being positive and energetic, patient and open-minded, and well prepared. (T/F)
T
Hersey and Blanchard's selling stage ofleadership is similar to Tuckman's storming stage of group development. (T/F)
T
Heterogeneous groups include members who are different from one another.
T
Hidden agendas occur when a member's private goal conflicts with the group's goal. (T/F)
C
High uncertainty avoidance is characterized by beliefs that a. uncertainty is a normal feature of life. b. assertiveness is a valuable skill. c. deviant ideas and behavior should be suppressed. d. there should be no more rules than are strictly necessary. e. people in positions of power should be compassionate.
A
How do virtual groups differ from face-to-face groups during the storming stage of group development? a. Technical problems and differences in members' technical expertise affect how members compete for high-status roles. b. Member diversity complicates the establishment of norms. c. Members must learn how to overcome technical roadblocks as they use different media to achieve a common goal. d. Members may continue to interact using email even after the group has completed its task. e. Some members will not respond well to technology.
E
If "task-motivated" describes your leadership style, Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness predicts that you will be least successful when a. the group's task is highly structured. b. there are poor leader-member relationships. c. you have a great deal of reward, coercive, and legitimate power. d. you have no power. e. you have a moderate degree of power and task structure.
F
If Gabe tries to impress others with what and whom he knows and frequently attracts attention to compensate for feelings of inadequacy, he may be exhibiting behavior characteristic of an overpersonal member. (T/F)
C
If a group member says "That's a stupid idea. Think you could come up with anything better?" as a way of intimidating others, asserting authority, and monopolizing discussion, which role is this person demonstrating? a. clown b. tension releaser c. dominator d. recognition seeker e. deserter
T
If you want to emerge as the leader of a group, you should talk first and more often than other members. (T/F)
C
Implicit norms are a. easy to recognize. b. quickly apparent to new members. c. rarely discussed by members. d. imposed by an outside authority. e. disruptive of the group process.
F
In Carl Larson and Frank LaFasto's three-year study of characteristics of highly effective groups, "the ability to change group norms" was included in their list of eight key characteristics. (T/F)
T
In Carl Larson and Frank LaFasto's three-year study of characteristics that explain how and why effective groups develop, they put "a clear and elevated goal" at the top of their list. (T/F)
A
In Latin, the word "credo" means a. "I believe." b. "I mean." c. "I am." d. "I create." e. "I accuse."
C
In Philip Zimbardo's famous study, students were assigned the role of guard or prisoner in a realistic-looking prison in a Stanford University basement. The experiment was halted before its scheduled completion because a. the students missed too many classes. b. the "prisoners" rebelled and locked out the "guards." c. the "guards" became abusive and the "prisoners" became passive and depressed. d. the experimenters told the "guards" to give the "prisoners" electric shocks. e. the "guards" enjoyed teasing and giving their "prisoner" buddies a hard time.
E
In You Just Don't Understand, Deborah Tannen's two-world hypothesis concludes that a. men seek status. b. women seek connection. c. men seek independence. d. women seek interdependence. e. all of the above are true
C
In ___________cultures, people are more dependent on language to express what they mean. a. high power distance b. monochronic c. low-context d. low power distance e. high-context
D
In a communication transaction, feedback represents a. a group's physical and psychological environment. b. anything that interferes with or inhibits effective communication. c. the media through which group members share messages. d. the response or reaction to a message. e. ideas, information, opinions, and/or feelings that generate meaning.
F
In a group symposium, group members interact with one another on a common topic for the benefit of an audience.
T
In a panel discussion, several group members interact with one another on a common topic for the benefit of an audience.
T
In collectivist cultures, there is greater readiness to cooperate with group members. (T/F)
E
In cultures with high uncertainty avoidance, people a. accept change as part of life. b. view rules and regulations as restricting and counterproductive. c. tolerate nonconformity. d. see conflict and competition as natural. e. want predictability and clear rules of behavior.
E
In cultures with masculine values, a. men are supposed to be assertive, tough, and focused on material success, whereas women are supposed to be more modest, tender, and concerned with the quality of life. b. men are supposed to focus on material success. c. women are supposed to be modest and tender. d. women are supposed to be more concerned with the quality of life. e. all of the above are true
B
In dialectic terms, effective groups balance conflict with a. conformity. b. cohesion. c. structure. d. closed systems. e. social dimensions.
E
In dialectic terms, effective groups balance task dimensions with a. conformity dimensions. b. cohesion dimensions. c. structure dimensions. d. closed dimensions. e. social dimensions.
E
In dialectic terms, the opposite or counterpart of a Myers-Briggs judger is a. an extrovert. b. an intuitive. c. a sensor. d. a thinker. e. a perceiver.
F
In general, women talk more than men do. (T/F)
C
In group dialectic terms, effective groups balance structure and a. heterogeneity. b. disengagement. c. spontaneity. d. engagement. e. individual goals.
T
In group discussions, introverts find it hard to both absorb all the information and formulate an opinion about it. (T/F)
T
In groups with more than 15 members, coordination and control become difficult.
A
In high-context cultures, messages are a. implicit. b. explicit. c. objective. d. factual. e. all of the above.
F
Islam is older than Judaism. (T/F)
B
Jason appears to be a very private person.He carefully thinks about what he is going to say before speaking. He enjoys the group but would prefer to work alone. Which Myers-Briggs personality trait best describes Jason? a. extrovert b. introvert c. perceiver d. judger e. none of the above
B
Jim Collins, author of Good to Great, claims that unless you are willing to keep your ego in check for the sake of the group, you won't be an effective leader. In other words, you must seek a balance between a. task and maintenance functions. b. professional will and personal humility. c. mentoring members and making decisions. d. autocratic and democratic leadership. e. managing and leading.
E
Kim is people-oriented. She wants everyone in the group to get along. She often spends extra time helping other group members. Which Myers-Briggspersonality trait best describes Kim? a. sensor b. thinker c. intuitive d. perceiver e. feeler
A
Members from uncertainty avoidance cultures prefer a. more structure and instructions from a leader. b. less structure and fewer instructions from a leader. c. more nurturing from a leader. d. less nurturing from a leader. e. a closer relationship with a leader.
E
Laissez-faire leaders a. let the group take charge of decisions and actions. b. work well in mature and highly productive groups. c. may generate a climate of open communication. d. both a and b e. all of the above
T
Laissez-faire leaders may have power, but they hesitate to exert their influence on group members and group work. (T/F)
F
Leaders can motivate members from collectivist cultures by helping members achieve personal goals and high status positions. (T/F)
F
Legitimate power is role model power—the ability to influence that arises when one person admires another. (T/F)
F
Members of a high-context culture tend to speak more, speak louder, and speak more rapidly than people from a low-context culture. (T/F)
T
Members of the Christian Scientist religious group believe that disease is a delusion of the carnal mind that can be cured by prayer. (T/F)
F
Members who engage in disruptive or nonconforming behavior should always be confronted about their behavior as soon as possible. (T/F)
F
The strategies of cognitive restructuring help highly apprehensive group members communicate more confidently because they teach them important skills for participating in a discussion. (T/F)
F
Locke and Latham's Goal Theory concludes that groups function best when their goals are easy to accomplish and are set by a strong leader. (T/F)
T
Locke and Latham's Goal Theory emphasizes the value of setting group goals. (T/F)
T
Low power distance cultures include those in Israel, New Zealand, and Denmark. (T/F)
D
Mark agrees to take notes during an important meeting at which he disagrees with many group decisions. The group asks him to bring copies of the notes to the next meeting so that everyone has a written record of the discussion and group decisions. At the next meeting, Mark is absent. At the following meeting, he tells everyone that he's still working on the notes and may not have them for awhile. What sort of behavior does Mark exhibit? a. assertiveness b. passivity c. aggression d. passive aggression e. passive assertiveness
F
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs includes control, inclusion, and affection needs. (T/F)
T
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ranks critical needs in the following order: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. (T/F)
T
Maslow's most basic needs are physiological and safety needs. (T/F)
E
Max was disturbed by the way in which group members interrupted one another during discussions. He could see that some of the quieter members were intimidated by this norm. Max decided that he would try to change the norm by continuing to talk right through an interruption in the hope that the members who usually interrupted would stop. What strategy was Max using to change group norms? a. the suggestions or actions of a high-status member b. the suggestions of highly confident members c. group discussion and decision making d. direct criticism of other members e. continued interaction using a different behavior
C
Modeling leadership behavior in the 5M Model of Leadership Effectivness includes all of the following strategies EXCEPT a. publicly championing your group and its goals. b. behaving consistently and assertively. c. maintaining control at all times. d. praising group members to others outside the group. e. demonstrating competence and trustworthiness.
D
More monochronic cultures are in a. Central and South America. b. Asia. c. southern Africa. d. northern Europe and North America. e. northern Africa.
T
Most groups experience some form of primary and secondary tension during the forming and storming stages of group development. (T/F)
F
Multiple leaders are the exception rather than the rule in virtual groups. (T/F)
B
Nonconformity a. will always undermine group performance. b. can improve group performance. c. occurs only when stubborn members are present. d. occurs under poor leadership. e. occurs only in the storming stage.
T
On college campuses, intramural athletic teams as well as sororities and fraternities are examples of social groups.
T
One group member can function effectively in several different roles at the same time. (T/F)
F
PTAs, labor unions, veterans' groups, fire and police auxiliary groups, and neighborhood and community associationsare examples of self-help groups.
T
Passive group members are rarely satisfied with their group experiences. (T/F)
T
Passive-aggressive group members often get their way by working against or undermining other members behind their backs and by appearing to agree while privately planning an opposite action. (T/F)
F
People from low-context cultures may prefer more information-rich technologies (such as videoconferences), as well as those that offer the feeling of social presence. (T/F)
F
People in polychronic cultures usually adhere to plans, schedules, and deadlines because time is valuable. (T/F)
A
People who believe that their culture is better than other cultures or that their culture should be the role model for other cultures would be classified as a. ethnocentric. b. stereotypical. c. prejudiced. d. discriminatory. e. racist.
C
People who have biased beliefs about group members that are not based on direct experience and firsthand knowledge or have irrational feelings of dislike and even hatred for certain groups would be classified as a. ethnocentric. b. stereotypical. c. prejudiced. d. discriminatory. e. racist.
B
People who share beliefs such as "It is the duck that squawks that gets shot," or "Seeing is better than hearing," would be characterized as members of a _______________ culture. a. individualistic b. high-context c. polychronic d. low-uncertainty e. high-power
T
Polychronic time people are frequently late for appointments or may not show up at all. (T/F)
F
Position power includes reward and coercive power whereas personal leadership power includes legitimate and informational power. (T/F)
E
Raphael has been assigned the leadership task of managing an office in which most of the employees are young or new tothe company. He decides that when problems or setbacks occur, he will not blame the group or its members. Instead, he will use the situation as a teachable moment and make sure that members accept personal responsibility for a problem and its consequences. He will also look for situations in which group members can assume leadership responsibilities. Which of the following leadership functions in the 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness does Raphael's behavior exemplify? a. Modeling leadership behavior b. Motivating members c. Managing group process d. Making decisions e. Mentoring members
F
Prejudices are based on extensive and direct experience as well as personal, firsthand knowledge about a group of people. (T/F)
C
R. Meredith Belvin's Team-Role Theory differs from the older Benne and Sheats's role classifications in that Belvin's roles a. apply to most groups regardless of their goal. b. focus on how members interact with one another in a variety of roles. c. recognize that group members seek out and perform roles that are most natural to them. d. apply to most groups regardless of their context. e. include gatekeeper and harmonizer.
B
Reggie is highly structured and good at coordinating the group's work and keeping it organized. He never misses a deadline and expects others to do the same. Which Myers-Briggs personality trait best describes Reggie? a. sensor b. judger c. intuitive d. perceiver e. thinker
T
Relational Dialectics Theory claims that relationships are characterized by ongoing tensions between the contradictory and complex elements of human experiences.
T
Religious literacy requires the ability to understand and use the religious terms, symbols, images, beliefs, practices, scripture, heroes, themes, and stories that are employed in American public life. (T/F)
T
Research has found that some people are more confident when communicating online and in computer-mediated discussions than they are communicating face-to-face with group members. (T/F)
T
Research in group communication claimsthat some female members feel undervalued or invisible when working with male group members. (T/F)
T
Research indicates that there are only slight differences in the behavior and style of male and female leaders. (T/F)
C
Research verifies all of the following conclusions about women and leadership EXCEPT a. women are less likely to be preselected as leaders. b. the same leadership behavior is often evaluated more positively when attributed to a male than a female. c. women who act "ladylike" are viewed as much more effective than women who behave like strong male leaders. d. women leaders who behave like male leaders are often perceived as unfeminine. e. there is only a slight different in the ways in which men and women lead groups.
F
Resolving group dialects requires an either/orapproach rather than a both/and approach.
F
Richmond and McCroskey report that "almost 50% of the population reports being scared about communicating with a person or group at some point in their lives." (T/F)
F
Scott Page, a political scientist at the University of Michigan, concludes that "intelligence alone is the most important factor in guaranteeing a group different perspectives on a problem." (T/F)
T
The structure ↔ spontaneity dialectic relies on both tested procedures to help a group achieve its goal as well as creative thinking.
T
Stanley Milgram and Philip Zimbardo's classic studies demonstrated that people in authority positions exert enormous pressure on people to conform. (T/F)
B
Stanley Milgram's classic experiment to find out whether people would obey commands to give "subjects" painful electric shocks demonstrated that a. people are ruthless when making decisions about the welfare of strangers. b. pressure from an authority figure can outweigh individual judgment and morality. c. people who know they're in experiments like to fool the researchers. d. inclusion and affection needs are strong in groups. e. group members are punished for violating norms.
A
Stanley Milgrim (Yale University) and Philip Zimbardo (Stanford University) conducted famous experiments that demonstrated the a. pressure to conform to authority rule. b. desire of group members to get along with one another. c. important role of norms in group communication. d. rewards for compliance to norms. e. causes of unethical communication in groups.
A
Statements that explain or predict how people communicate are a. theories. b. strategies. c. skills. d. resources. e. rules.
T
Stereotypes often lead to prejudices. (T/F)
T
The 5M Model of Leadership Effectiveness divides leadership tasks into 5 interdependent leadership functions: (1) Model leadership behavior; (2) Motivate members; (3) Manage the group process; (4) Make decisions; and (5) Mentor members. (T/F)
T
Synergy refers to a situation in which "the whole is greater than the sum of its individual parts."
T
Systems theory assumes that groups and their members are unpredictable.
T
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator looks at the different ways in which people prefer to use their minds: specifically, the way they perceive and the way they make judgments. (T/F)
T
The National Communication Association's Credo for Ethical Communication contends that group members should accept the consequences of their communication and expect the same of others.
T
The National Communication Association's Credo for Ethical Communication states that every group member should condemn communication that degrades individuals and that expresses intolerance or hatred.
T
The Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA) measures a relatively permanent personality type that is unlikely to change significantly unless there is some type of effective intervention or training. (T/F)
T
The basic components of group communication are members, interaction, independence, goals, and working.
D
The cooperative interaction of several factors that results in a combined effect greater than the total of all individual parts is referred to as a. interaction. b. common goals. c. interdependence. d. synergy. e. working.
F
The correct order for the 5 stages in Tuckman's Group Development Stages are forming, performing, storming, norming, adjourning. (T/F)
E
The engaged ↔disengaged group dialectic can be described as a. balancing a commitment to group norms and standards with a willingness to differ and change. b. balancing a motivation to complete tasks with promoting member relationships. c. balancing external support and recognition with internal group solidarity and rewards. d. balancing effective leadership with responsible followership. e. balancing member energy and labor with the group's need for rest and renewal.
F
The frustration and personality conflicts that occur in groups as members compete for acceptance and status are the source of primary tension. (T/F)
B
The homogeneous ↔heterogeneous group dialectic can be described as a. balancing a commitment to group norms and standards with a willingness to differ and change. b. balancing member similarities and differences. c. balancing external support and recognition with internal group solidarity and rewards. d. balancing effective leadership with responsible followership. e. balancing members' personal goals with the group's common goal.
F
The ideal group would be composed of members who represent the Myers-Briggs personality type of extroverted thinker. (T/F)
T
The key to balancing both the complex and competing elements in a group is a commitment to working toward the group's goal.
C
The open system ↔closed system group dialectic can be described as a. balancing a commitment to group norms and standards with a willingness to differ and change. b. balancing member similarities and differences. c. balancing external support and recognition with internal group solidarity and rewards. d. balancing member energy and labor with the group's need for rest and renewal. e. balancing members' personal goals with the group's goal.
D
The participating stage in Hersey-Blanchard's Situational Leadership Model is similar to Tuckman's _________ stage of group development. a. forming b. storming c. norming d. performing e. adjourning
F
The second layer of diversity depicted in your textbook represents internal dimensions over which you have no control such as religion, marital status, and educational background. (T/F)
F
The term synergy comes from the Greek word synonymwhich means "similar meaning."
T
The way in which Japanese people bow toone another in a face-to-face greeting demonstrates how the culture expresses power distance. (T/F)
F
There is nothing a group can do to help members who suffer from high levels of communication apprehension. (T/F)
T
To someone from a collectivist culture, a U.S. communicator's style and behavior may be viewed as selfish, arrogant, antagonistic, power-hungry, ruthless, and impatient. (T/F)
A
To which basic element of communication is Grace giving special attention when she prepares for an important group meeting by making sure her business suit is pressed, that her hair is well-groomed, that her perfume is pleasant but subtle, and that she takes a breath mint before entering the meeting room? a. channels b. external noise c. feedback d. verbal message e. internal noise
C
Trait Leadership Theory, also known as the "Great Man" theory, contends that a. democratic leaders are always best. b. charismatic leaders are always best. c. leaders are born, not made. d. leaders are made, not born. e. women cannot be effective leaders.
F
Traits Leadership Theory assumes that leaders are made, not born. (T/F)
T
Transformational leaders help members understand the need for change, both emotionally and intellectually. (T/F)
T
When a group is having difficulty deciding and the leader has the right to make the final decision, the group is abiding by a status norm. (T/F)
T
Women are less likely than men to be preselected as leaders. (T/F)
F
Unlike the digestive system, a computer system, or even the solar system, groups do not function as a system because they involve interdependent members interacting with one another.
B
Vu tries to maintain strict control over the Spring Festival Planning Committee. He insists on determining the direction and outcome of the committee's discussion. According to Styles Leadership Theory, which leadership style is Vu using? a. democratic b. autocratic c. situational d. laissez-faire e. functional
D
Walther's theory of hyperpersonal communication in virtual groups indicates that some members a. ask more personal questions of other group members. b. ask less personal questions of other group members. c. are less confident in mediated settings than in face-to-face settings. d. are more confident in mediated settings than face-to-face meetings. e. none of the above
A
Wanda tends to focus on details of the group project. She prefers to concentrate on one task at a time. Of all the group members, Wanda may be the most practical and realistic. Which Myers-Briggspersonality trait best describes Wanda? a. sensor b. thinker c. intuitive d. perceiver e. feeler
C
What is the ideal group size for a problem-solving discussion? a. 3-5 people b. 4-6 people c. 5-7 people d. 6-9 people e. 8-12 people
F
When a group functions as an open system, it guards its boundaries and discourages input from or interaction with the outside.
E
When designated leaders are "plucked from a group in order to lead," they should a. start out by making strong decisions to solve problems. b. avoid discussing their leadership concerns with group members until they have established referent power. c. dramatically change their behavior with members who were once their friends and colleagues in the group. d. begin by using reward and coercive power to establish their new position. e. discuss ground rules for interaction while assuring group members of continued friendship.
F
When group members expect and receive an agenda in advance of meetings and follow the agenda during meetings, they are abiding by an interaction norm. (T/F)
T
When group members work together to achieve a common goal, the size of the group, the physical setting, and the group's role and status in an organization are components of the communication context.
F
When people join groups for the personal reward that comes with helping others, they are satisfying Maslow's belongingness need. (T/F)
C
When seeking to resolve group tensions, the dialectic approach recommends a __________________ approach. a. compromise b. either/or c. both/and d. approach/avoidance e. task/maintenance
T
When setting goals, groups should ask questions about the goal's clarity, difficulty, meaningfulness, and cost. (T/F)
T
When someone from within a group is appointed as its leader, the new leader should openly discuss leadership and seek members' help in resolving potential problems. (T/F)
T
When there is enormous pressure for group members to conform, a disruptive member can help the group by not conforming to group norms. (T/F)
B
Whenever your department has a staff meeting, the supervisor always sits at the head of the table. Group members know they should not take the seat at the head of the table even though they have not been told to avoid that seat. A(n) _______________ is operating in the group. a. conforming norm b. implicit norm c. deviant norm d. explicit norm e. inclusion norm
F
Whereas managers focus on effectiveness, leaders are concerned with efficiency. (T/F)
E
Which category of power is operating when a group member nominates someone as a leader by saying, "I recommend that Romero be appointed chair of the building committee given his extensive experience as a successful contractor"? a. referent power b. persuasive power c. reward power d. legitimate power e. expert power
A
Which characteristics are common in monochronic time cultures? a. Members like to concentrate on one job before moving to another. b. Members are frequently late for appointments. c. Members like thinking about several tasks at one time. d. Members feel comfortable holding 2 or 3 conversations at the same time. e. Relationships are far more important than schedules.
D
Which cultural dimension would be characterized by the following components: (1) subordinates should be consulted; (2) privileges and status symbols are frowned upon; (3) parents treat their children as equals; and (4) teachers expect students to express their opinions in class? a. individualism b. collectivism c. uncertainty avoidance d. low power distance e. high power distance
D
Which generation is described as follows: they are confident and have high self-esteem, are collaborators who favor teamwork, and generally like keeping their career options open. a. Traditionalists b. Boomers c. Generation Xers d. Millennials e. Builder Generation
B
Which generation is described as follows: they are workaholics who are willing to challenge the status quo and are politicallyadept on the job. They believe that they are always right, but are willing to work hard to get what they want. a. Traditionalists b. Boomers c. Generation Xers d. Millenials e. Builder Generation
A
Which is the correct order for Tuckman's 5 group development stages? a. forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning b. forming, norming, performing, storming, adjourning c. norming, forming, storming, performing, adjourning d. norming, storming, performing, forming, adjourning e. storming, norming, forming, performing, adjourning
A
Which of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is primarily met when a neighborhood watch group forms to deter crime in the community? a. safety b. self-actualization c. esteem d. belongingness e. physiological
C
Which of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is primarily met when someone joins an exclusive club or is elected as leader of a prestigious group? a. safety b. self-actualization c. esteem d. belongingness e. physiological
A
Which of the 4 categories of norms is operating in the following example? Most group members defer to or agree with Tasha and Bill when they make a recommendation. A(n) _______________ is operating in this circumstance. a. status norm b. interaction norm c. achievement norm d. procedural norm e. inclusion norm
D
Which of the 4 categories of norms is operating in the following example? Your group makes decisions by majority rule. A(n) _______________ is operating in this circumstance. a. status norm b. interaction norm c. achievement norm d. procedural norm e. inclusion norm
C
Which of the following characteristics demonstrates one of the disadvantages of working in groups? a. Groups make better decisions when working on complex tasks. b. Working in groups enhances member learning. c. Groups require significant time, energy, and resources. d. Groups are often more creative than members working alone. e. Members usually enjoy working with others in groups.
A
Which of the following characteristics was NOT one of the 8 characteristics that emerged in the Carl Larson and Frank LaFasto study that asked "What are the secrets of successful teams?" a. adherence to group norms b. a clear, elevated goal c. competent team members d. a collaborative climate e. principled leadership
A
Which of the following cultural dimensions is ranked very high in the United States? a. individualism b. collectivism c. high power distance d. low power distance e. high context
T
Work groups collaborate to achieve specific goals on behalf of a business or organization.
E
Which of the following descriptions is likely to be true of highly apprehensive group members compared to low apprehensive members? a. Highly apprehensive members talk more in group discussions. b. Highly apprehensive members are more likely to become group leaders. c. Highly apprehensive members appear more confident. d. Highly apprehensive members assert themselves and their beliefs. e. Highly apprehensive members agree with others rather than voice disagreement.
A
Which of the following examples best illustrates the systems theory principle that "systems try to maintain balance in their environment"? a. Members may take time off to "play" when work becomes too intense. b. Members may unexpectedly come up with new ideas and techniques. c. Effective groups have clear goals. d. Groups suffer if members fail to cooperate. e. Groups rely on member input to achieve a common goal.
D
Which of the following examples depicts an explicit norm? a. Group members have learned to leave the seat nearest the door for their leader. b. Within a few days after work together in a newly formed committee, members begin using one another's first names. c. Ralph has begun bringing extra copies of the group's agenda to the meeting for members who have forgotten theirs. d. Everyone abides by the "be on time; be out on time" rule set on the first day of the group meetings. e. After getting the "evil eye" from several members, Ruthie stops checking her BlackBerry during meetings.
D
Which of the following examples depicts an implicit norm? a. As specified in the group's bylaws, members use parliamentary procedure when the group debates a motion. b. Even though members know one another's names, everyone wears their companyissued nametags to meetings. c. Members take their turn—in alphabetical order—taking minutes at every meeting. d. Members have learned that because meetings usually begin fifteen minutes later than scheduled, they can arrive a little late. e. Members agree that no one should be allowed to consult their BlackBerries during a meeting without permission.
B
Which of the following groups of countries is the most collectivist? a. Australia, Canada, and New Zealand b. Central and South America c. Italy, Denmark, and Sweden d. the United States and England e. Holland, Belgium, and France
E
Which of the following groups would be considered a co-culture? a. American Indian tribes b. Hispanic/Latino Americans c. Irish Americans d. Arab Americans e. all of the above
C
Which of the following religions is the oldest? a. Catholicism b. Islam c. Judaism d. Buddhism e. Christianity
D
Which of the following situations best represents group communication as defined in the textbook? a. People talking in an elevator. b. People discussing the weather at an airport. c. Fans cheering at a baseball game. d. Jury members deliberating a court case. e. A congregation listening to a sermon.
D
Which of the following statements would be made by someone from a low-context culture? a. I rely on facial expressions to interpret what others mean. b. Feelings are a valuable source of information. c. I try to maintain harmony in my communication with others. d. I like to be accurate, clear, and direct when I talk to others. e. I communicate in an indirect fashion.
B
Which of the following strategies and skill are effective when you need to and should say "No" to someone? a. Use assertive words but passive nonverbal communication. b. Don't say "Yes" or "No" until you hear and understand a specific request c. Ask permission to say "No" such as "Will you be upset if I don't do this?" d. Anticipate the person's request before you hear the question so you can stop him or her from asking. e. Avoid saying "No" if the other person won't like your answer.
D
Which of the following strategies is recommended as an effective method for dealing with destructive nonconformity in groups? a. Accept the member's disruptive behavior. b. Confront the disruptive member and try to modify his or her behavior. c. Exclude the disruptive member by ignoring his or her comments during the discussion. d. all of the above e. none of the above
A
Which of the following traits are included in the Big Five Personality Traits and in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator? a. extraversion b. neuroticism c. agreeableness d. conscientiousness e. openness to experience
B
Which scholar(s) define(s) an intercultural dimension as an aspect of a culture that can be measured relative to other cultures? a. Isabel Briggs Myers and Katherine Briggs b. Geert Hofstede c. Edward Hall d. Myron Lustig and Jolene Koester e. Harry C. Triandis
C
Which theory of leadership explains how leaders can become more effective once they have carefully analyzed themselves,their groups, and the circumstances in which they must lead? a. trait theory b. style theory c. situational theory d. functional theory e. transformational theory
T
Will Schutz's FIRO theory examines the impact of 3 interpersonal needs: the need for inclusion, control, and affection. (T/F)
T
Without understanding group communication theories, you will have difficulty understanding why a particular method works in one situation and fails in another.
D
You have been promoted to a managementposition at work. You expect employees to fulfill your requests because you are the boss. What type of power is this? a. referent power b. coercive power c. reward power d. legitimate power e. charismatic power
C
You have just joined a newly formed group responsible for developing a recycling program for your community. At first, group members are somewhat uncomfortable working with strangers. Which of Tuckman's stages of group development is your group experiencing? a. norming b. storming c. forming d. performing e. reforming
T
Your biases, distracting thoughts about other activities, fatigue, and hunger can cause noise in a communication transaction.
A
Your family is an example of a a. primary group. b. social group. c. public group. d. service group. e. none of the above
A
Your group has chosen Madeleine as its leader because she has demonstrated strong organizational and problem-solving skills as well as a talent for motivating members and resolving conflict. What type of power does Madeleine have? a. referent power b. coercive power c. informational power d. legitimate power e. expert power
D
Your group has discussed and decided that members will take turns recording and typing the minutes from each meeting. A(n) _______________ has been established. a. conforming norm b. implicit norm c. deviant norm d. explicit norm e. inclusion norm
F
Your textbook defines group communication as the interaction of 5 to 7 people working to make a good decision.
T
Your textbook divides norms into four categories: interaction norms, procedural norms, status norms, and achievement norms. (T/F)
C
Your textbook suggests all of the following strategies for reducing communication apprehension in groups EXCEPT a. Realize that everyone experiences communication apprehension. b. Be well prepared. c. Force yourself to speak as much and as often as you can to a variety of large and small audiences. d. Substitute worrisome, irrational thoughts about communicating with more positive thoughts. e. Take time to visualize yourself communicating effectively.
E
Your textbook urges both men and women to adapt to the opposite sex's way of thinking and making decisions by heeding all of the following recommendations EXCEPT a. Men should not use sarcasm and tell women they're illogical. b. Women should not force men to talk about or display their emotions. c. Women should ask men what they think rather than what they feel. d. Men should listen to what women say but avoid trying to solve their problems for them. e. Women should avoid disagreeing and arguing with men.
B
_________ occur when members' private goals conflict with the group's common goals and represent what people really want rather than what they say they want. a. The storming stage b. Hidden agendas c. Primary tension d. Tertiary tension e. Implicit norms
C
_____________ refers to the level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons. a. Self-concept b. Feedback c. Communication apprehension d. Assertiveness e. Confidence
C
_______________ functions describe group members who strive to get along and satisfy one another's needs while pursuing a shared goal. a. Self-centered b. Task c. Maintenance d. Participation e. All of the above
A
_______________ functions describe negative roles in which individual needs are put ahead of both the group's goal and other members' needs. a. Self-centered b. Task c. Maintenance d. Participation e. All of the above