States and Change of Matter Unit Review

Which best characterizes a crystal?

A dense substance that is hard and incompressible.

A gaseous substance turns into a solid. Which is best describing this change?

A substance that has no specific volume changes to a substance that has a specific volume.

Which commercial technology commonly uses plasmas?

A television.

At what temperature is the substance a heated gas?

Above 100°C.

If both gasses are the same temperature, which one has the greater pressure?

Gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding.

Which is a postulate of the kinetic-molecular theory?

Gas particles have a small volume relative to the spaces between them.

Which statement describes an extensive property of matter?

It changes with the amount of sample that is present.

Which statement describes a chemical property of water?

It reacts with sodium metal.

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the compressibility of plasmas?

Particles independently of one another and are widely spaced.

Which sequence represents the relationship between pressure and volume of an ideal gas as explained by the kinetic-molecular theory?

Smaller volumer --> crowded particles--> more collisions --> higher pressure.

Which of these is an example of physical change?

Solid ice, when heated, turning into water.

Which statement *best* compares the melting point of butane (C4H10) with that of octane (C8H18)?

The melting point is higher for the substance that has stronger intermolecular forces.

Which statement describes a limitation of the kinetic-molecular theory for a gas?

The theory assumes that particles do not experience intermolecular forces.

Why do amorphous solids do not have a long-range order in the arrangement of their particles?

Their formation involves very rapid cooling.

When a strip of magnesium metal is touched by a flame, a bright light and a whitish substance are produced. Why is the burning of magnesium considered a chemical change?

because a new substance is formed.

When the process of condensation occurs, the kinetic energy of particles...

is insignificant to overcome intermolecular forces.