Study Guide - Chapter 4

*Secondary structures are a result of _______________ bonding in the backbone of the _________________. *The bonds occur between the ________ __________ functional groups, not between the R groups.

-hydrogen -polypeptide -amino acid

Which force can contribute to a protein's tertiary structure?

-van der Waal's forces -covalent bonding -hydrogen bonding -ionic bonding

Referring to the following mRNA sequence, 5'—AUGAGACUUACCGAA—3', what would the anticodon look like if the second nucleotide of the fourth codon was mutated to U?

3′--UAG--5′

Because there are three different possible reading frames in a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, most mRNAs can be translated in a cell into three different proteins. True or False?

False

Peptide bond formation is catalyzed by the enzymatic activity of an RNA molecule. True or False?

True

The histone proteins are among the most slowly evolving proteins. For example, a histone protein called histone H4 in cows and peas differs by only 2 amino acids among a total of about 100. A reason why histone proteins evolve so slowly is their function: These proteins bind with the negatively charged phosphate groups in double-stranded DNA, so the proteins must be rich in the basic amino acids lysine and arginine. Therefore, these amino acids cannot be replaced without disrupting the histone's structure and function. True or False?

True