Study Guide Unit 2 4 & 2

Based on the population pyramid above, which of the following will pose the greatest demographic challenge to China beginning in 2029? A Providing for the needs of its aging population B Finding enough teachers to educate the young C Limiting out-migration of the 60- to 64-year-old age cohort D Providing prenatal medical care E Controlling population growth

A

One would expect to find a population with a relatively young age structure in A less developed countries B highly developed countries C countries with a low death rate D countries with a low fertility rate E countries with a high standard of living

A

Physiological population density is viewed as a superior measure of population density for which of the following reasons? A It is more reflective of population pressure on arable land. B It yields the average population density. C It is more reflective of the world's largest population concentrations. D It measures the average by dividing total land area by total number of people. E It best reflects the percentage of a country's population that is urbanized.

A

The map shows the number of people per unit of land. Which of the following types of data are shown in the map? A Arithmetic density B Physiological density C Agricultural density D Urban density E Suburban density

A

Which of the following best identifies the data for the Eastern Great Rift Valley, shown on the map? A High arithmetic density B Low arithmetic density C Low carrying capacity D High total fertility rate E Low total fertility rate

A

The ability of a resource base to sustain a population is known as its A support ratio B carrying capacity C subsistence limit D basic employment E population pressure

B

Which of the following explains why a country with a high physiological density (e.g., Japan, Egypt, or the Netherlands) risks exceeding its carrying capacity? A The population is clustered in key areas, so rural populations will not have easy access to public services such as schools and hospitals. B The population places a large amount of pressure on the arable land to produce enough food without risking severe environmental degradation. C The population is evenly dispersed throughout the country, so it is difficult to maintain infrastructure such as roads and telecommunication networks for the entire country. D There is a large number of people per unit of total land area, so there is no available land for farmers to raise crops and other food products. E The amount of farmers per unit of land area in these countries is too low to be able to support their populations.

B

Which of the following types of countries are most likely challenged with the problems associated with a large youth-dependent population, such as providing public primary education for all children? A More developed countries B Less developed countries C Free market countries D Landlocked countries E Island countries

B

On the map above, which one of the following boxes is in an area where the population density is high and the level of economic development is low? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

C

Physiological population density differs from crude population density in that physiological density A examines only the population of cities, while crude density includes the population of cities and rural areas B is a measure of how density is perceived, while crude density is a measure of specific density C explains density in terms of people per arable square land unit, while crude density explains density in terms of people per total square land unit D explains the density of a single housing unit while crude density explains the density of a group of houses E is the number of people per housing unit, while crude density is the number of people per square mile

C

Which of the following best explains a likely effect of Brazil's population distribution? A More uniform economic growth throughout the entire country as urban areas expand westward B Increased cultural unity as more people live in close proximity to one another in eastern Brazil C Uneven economic development as eastern Brazil experiences more growth than the sparsely inhabited western regions D The expansion of available farmland as people move to the cities, allowing more rural land to be farmed E More efficient political administration and improved governance as the population becomes more clustered

C

Which of the following best explains a possible limitation of the trends assumed from the population pyramid and estimates in the data table? A A period of war followed by a baby boom, similar to that of the 1940s and 1950s, is likely to occur within a generation, increasing the youth-aged cohorts. B Modernization of health-care systems may result in improvements in women's health and pregnancy and result in more children being born, increasing the youth-aged cohorts. C Labor shortages may cause the government to reduce the legal barriers to immigration, and immigrant populations could increase the working-age cohorts. D Decreasing populations may cause an economic decline, prompting many citizens to emigrate to other more developed countries and decreasing the working-age cohorts. E Production efficiencies gained from computerization and robotization of manufacturing may free parents from long work hours and result in more time to have additional children, increasing the youth-aged cohorts.

C

Which population pyramid shown above best represents a town with a military base? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

C

Which of the following describes information a geographer could identify from the map of urban populations in Brazil? A Urban areas with rapid population growth B Distribution of high and low incomes C Areas with negative population growth D Patterns of arithmetic density within specific regions E Urban areas most at risk for overpopulation

D

Which population pyramid shown above best represents a college town? A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

D

Sri Lanka and Australia have about the same population. What data would help you determine which country has a higher physiological population density? A The area of each country B The number of farmers in each country C The total fertility rate of each country D The amount of arid land in each country E The amount of arable land in each country

E

The sex ratio represented in the age-sex graph above for Country X is most likely the result of A high infant mortality B undercounting of females C an epidemic with high mortality D a period of war E a large guest-worker population

E

What is the likely impact of the numerical change by 2050 of the total population on the eventual shape of Japan's population pyramid? A Since the impact will be gradual over a 40-year period, the 2050 population pyramid likely will not change. B Because of low birth rates over many years, by 2050 Japan will likely attain a column-shaped population pyramid. C Owing to the large numbers of pregnancies in the growing reproductive-age cohorts, in 2050 the population pyramid will likely have the shape of a pentagon. D Because of an increasing death rate due to an older population, in 2050 the population pyramid will likely have the shape of an equilateral triangle. E Because of low birth rates over many years, the 2050 population pyramid will likely be an inverted pyramid.

E