Summative quiz for chapter 36

Which hormone is responsible for the distal convoluted tubule being highly permeable to water?

ADH

Frog tadpoles are entirely aquatic and breathe water using gills. Which of the following options do they have for nitrogen excretion that terrestrial adult frogs do not have?

Excretion of ammonia

Osmotic conformers have an osmotic pressure of the body fluids that is _______ that of the environmental water.

always the same as

Most water-breathing animals excrete nitrogen mainly as ammonia. For this reason, they are called

ammonotelic

All freshwater animals face the following problems relative to osmolarity; they tend to _______water and _______.

gain; lose ions

Animals with body fluids that have a lower osmotic pressure than the environmental water are described as _______ to their environment.

hyposmotic

If the urine is _______ concentrated than the plasma (U/P ratio < 1), the kidneys are making the plasma become _______ concentrated.

less; more

Many birds and non-avian reptiles living close to the ocean or in deserts have _______ that excrete highly concentrated salt solutions.

salt glands

Ocean bony fish expend about 8 percent to 17 percent of their energy trying to avoid dehydration and get rid of excess ions. They accomplish this by drinking _______ and pumping _______ out of the blood.

sea water; Na+ and Cl-

Terrestrial animals must detoxify ammonia by converting it to

urea and uric acid.