Chapter 9 Teaching Diverse Learners

Autism

a disorder characterized by significantly impaired communication, aloneness, and ritualistic behavior.

A child with strong ____________ intelligence is likely to think in three dimensions.

spatial

Dyslexia

Language based learning difficulty directly affecting reading.

How can teachers promote positive cultural diversity within their own classrooms?

Model acceptance of all students, incorporate various cultures within learning environment, make tolerance part of classroom management.

Self-Paced Learning

allows students to spend the amount of time they personally need to master concepts.

Who sets the overall tone for how a school regards diversity?

Administrators

Special Needs

A broad range of physical, mental, social, and behavioral challenges that impact learning.

Ethnicity

A particular racial, national, or cultural group, including that group's customs, beliefs, values, and often language and religion.

Limited English Proficiency (LEP)

A person's difficulty communicating effectively in English because English is not his or her native or primary language.

Individualized Education Program (IEP)

A written educational plan developed for a specific student with disabilities.

Logical-Mathematical

Ability to understand logical reasoning and problem solving; math, science, patterns, sequences. Enjoys working with numbers and playing logic games.

What is the difference between an IEP and a 504?

An IEP ensures a students receives special educational services and instruction, while a 504 plan ensures a students access to instruction.

Learning Diversity

Differences in learning based on abilities, interests, or experiences.

Differentiated Instruction

Different modes of instruction to match a student's preferred mode of learning, disability, or background.

Special Education

Educational settings that provide adapted programs, extra staff, and specialized equipment or learning environments or materials to help students with special needs learn.

Arduous

Hard to accomplish or achieve

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner's theory that individuals have a broad range of types of intelligence, each to a different degree.

Accommodations

In teaching, modifications to the environment, learning strategies, or materials that are made to help students with particular special needs succeed in the classroom.

What is the difference between accommodations and modifications?

Modifications change what a student is taught, while accommodations change how a student is instructed.

Auditory Learners

People who learn best by hearing or listening to information.

Kinesthetic-Tactile Learners

People who learn best by performing hands-on or physical activities.

Visual Learners

People who learn best if information is presented in a way that they can see.

Linguistic

Person skilled in speech or language. Enjoys reading or writing stories.

Motivation

Personal incentive or drive to succeed.

Inclusion

Placing students with special needs into a regular class with a requirement that they will benefit from the classes, even if they are not able to keep up academically with class requirements.

Mainstreaming

Placing students with special needs who show the ability to keep up with the curriculum in a regular class.

Stereotypes

Preconceived generalizations about certain groups of people.

Learning Styles

Preferred methods of absorbing and processing information.

Pull-Out Programs

Programs that allow students to leave the regular classroom for certain periods of the day for additional instruction to meet their particular needs.

Magnet School

Public schools that focus on particular disciplines or areas, such as fine arts or science.

Exceptional Learners

Students that require special educational modifications and, perhaps, other services that align with their abilities and potential.

English Language Learners (ELL)

Students who are learning English while mastering the content of their regular classes.

Musical

The ability to perform, compose and understand music. Enjoys playing an instrument or singing.

Interpersonal

The ability to understand and relate with other people. Enjoys helping others and working with team members.

Intrapersonal

The ability to understand oneself, one's strengths and limitations. Enjoys alone time and may write in a journal for self reflection.

What are techniques teachers can use to help English language learners?

Using several methods to teach concepts, speaking clearly, printing assignments that are on the board, using demonstration, Giving step by step instructions.

Learning styles are the methods individuals prefer and the way that they learn best. What are three learning styles?

Visual, Auditory, & Kinesthetic-tactile.

Attention Deficit Disorder

a learning disability characterized by difficulty in concentrating on learning.

Bilingual Education

a strategy in which school subjects are taught in both the learner's original language and the second (majority) language.

A child with strong ______________ intelligence would prefer journaling, reflection exercises, self-paced work, and personal projects.

intrapersonal

To tap into individual student strengths, the teacher should not

tell students exactly what is to be done and how to do it.