Sun and Stars
What is the temperature of the sun's surface?
10,900 degrees F
What is the temperature of the sun's core?
27 million degrees F
How long does it take the earth to revolve around the sun?
- 365 1/4 days (! year plus 1/4 of a day) - That is why we have a leap year. Every 4 years, a day is added to February.
Corona
- A halo or crown that only appears during a solar eclipse. - It is the outer layer of the sun's atmosphere. - It is 1 million miles high. - The temperature is about 4 million degrees F.
Granules
- A line or squiggle that is 600 miles across. - It happens with the rising and falling of gas. - They last about 8 minutes
What are the 3 main parts of the sun?
1. Core 2. Photosphere 3. Chromosphere
When is the next total solar eclipse?
August 21, 2017
Who was the first person to realize the earth revolved around the sun?
Copernicus
What is the size and color of our sun?
Medium sized yellow star.
What is the sun made of?
Mostly hydrogen and helium.
What is the mass of the sun?
The mass of the sun is equal to 99.8% of the total solar system's mass.
Chromosphere
- A sphere of colors. - It is above the photosphere. - It gives off a reddish light - It is about 6,000 miles thick. - The temperature is between 6,000 degrees F and 50,000 degrees C.
Photosphere
- A sphere pf light. - It is 340 miles deep. - It is the surface layer of the sun, and the part of the sun we see. - The temperature is about 10,000 degrees F.
Solar Wind
- A stream of particles that flow from the sun in all directions. - They can move at speeds up to 1 million MPH.
How long does it take energy from the core to reach the surface of the sun?
- About 1 million years. - The sun's energy radiates out from the core.
What is the amount of time it takes the light from the sun to reach the surface of the Earth?
- About 8 minutes and 17 seconds - The light from the next closest star would take about 4 years to reach the surface of the Earth.
Convection Zone
- Currents of hot gas rise and fall here. - The temperature is about 2 million degrees F.
Radiative Zone
- Energy here radiates out from the core.
Prominences
- Giant arches of gas that erupt between sun spots. - They can leap tens of thousands of miles off the sun's surface. - They can last for days.
What is the importance of our atmosphere?
- Our atmosphere blocks out most of the sun's rays. - Without it, temperatures on Earth would be about 250 degrees F to -250 degrees F.
Sunspots
- Storms on the surface of the Earth. - They appear as dark patches on the sun's surface. - Temperatures of sunspots are 2,200 degrees cooler than the rest of the sun's surface. - They last about 11 years. - The smallest sun spots can be about [1,000] miles wide. - The largest sun spots are bigger than the earth, and have temperatures of about 7,800 degrees F.
Flares
- Sudden bright bursts of energy that occur around sunspots. - One solar flare is equal to 40 billion atomic bombs
What is the location of our sun?
- The center of our solar system. - The closest star to Earth. - It is 92.9 million miles away from Earth. - The next closest star is 270,00 times farther away from us than the sun.
Core
- The center of the sun. - The temperature is about 27 million degrees F.
What is the size of the sun?
- The diameter of the sun is about 864,950 miles. - It is equal to 1 million earths. - The core is equal to the size of Jupiter.
How does the sun makes life possible?
- The sun makes life possible by giving us food, energy, plants, weather, seasons, and light.
What is a total solar eclipse?
- When the moon completely blocks out the entire sun, except for a halo, which is the corona. - It is very dangerous to look at a solar eclipse because it can damage your eyes.
What is a partial solar eclipse?
- When the moon covers only part of the sun. - The rest of the sun is still visible.
What is an annular solar eclipse?
- When the moon is slightly too far from the Earth for its shadow to block out all of the sun. - There is an entire ring of the sun visible around the black disk of the moon. - This ring is brighter than the corona.
How many total solar eclipses are there each year?
1 or 2, but you can only see them from a narrow strip of the world.
What are the colors of stars from hottest to coolest?
1. Blue 2. White blue 3. White 4. Yellow 5. Orange 6. Red
How old is our sun?
About 4 1/2 billion years old.
What is the diameter of the sun?
About 864, 950 miles.