SURG 100 Questions (Final)
In most health care facilities, who is responsible for accounting for all sponges, needles, sharps, and instruments before an operative procedure begins and before an incision is closed? a. Both are responsible b. Neither are responsible c. The RN circulator d. The scrub person
Both
According to the World Health Organization and Joint Commission, the following information should be included in a preoperative checklist: a. Marked surgical site b. all of the above c. Patient identification d. signed consent form
All
Which of the following are considered sources of contamination in the the OR? a. OR personnel b. OR enviornment c. patient d. all of the above
All
Which of the following is considered modes of contamination in an OR? a. air b. moisture c. physical contact d. all of the above
All
Which is an example of cultural competency in the perioperative setting? a. Assisting a patient who needs to wear a head covering for religious reasons b. Practicing your second language with a bilingual patient c. Working primarily with patients from one"s own background d. Explaining to patients why their beliefs about health are incorrect
Assisting a patient who needs to wear a head covering for religious reasons
Which of the following is used by the surgeon to precisely cut, coagulate or cauterize, dehydrate, or dessicate blood vessels and tissue with heat generated by high-frequency alternating (AC) or direct (DC) current? a. ESU b. defibrillator c. none of these are correct d. electromagnetic cauterizer
ESU
Whose responsibility is it to ensure the right patient and the right site? a. Surgeon b. Anesthesiologist c. Everyone in the operating room d. Circulator
Everyone in the operating room
If a patient is injured by a fire caused by a pooled flammable prep solution such as alcohol, the hospital has full liability. a. true b. false
False
It is not necessary to keep OR furniture and equipment close together when establishing the sterile field. True False
False
Mayo stands are considered sterile only on the top, not the sides or underneath. True False
False
Moving sterile supplies around several times on your back table is fine, since you are sterile as well. True False
False
Walking in between two sterile fields is ok as long as you have a mask and hair cover on. True False
False
Surgical technologists, their employers, and members of the surgical team can be held responsible for ______________________ for actions taken or not taken in the health care environment. a. incompetence b. negligence c. indiffrence d. poor judgment
Negligence
The omission or commission of an act that a reasonable and prudent individual would not do under the same conditions is called: a. Precedent b. Standard of care c. Negligence d. Perjury
Negligence
The phrase 'departure from the standard of care' BEST describes which of the following legal terms? a. malpractice b. larceny c. liability d. negligence
Negligence
Organisms that normally live in and on the bodies of healthy persons without causing harm are called ________________ flora. a. resident b. uncontaminated c. noninfectious d. transient
Resident
Organisms that normally live in and on the bodies of healthy persons without causing harm are called ________________ flora. a. transient b. resident c. uncontaminated d. noninfectious
Resident
The doctrine that states that employers are responsible for the acts and omissions of their employees when done within the scope of the employees " duties is called ______. a. respondeat superior b. res ipsa loquitur c. primum non nocere d. doctrine of reasonable man
Respondeat Superior
Which of the following is an example of an intentional tort pertaining to surgical patient care? a. a retained surgical sponge is discovered in a subsequent procedure. b. Restraints are used on a patient who threatens to leave c. A patient suffers a burn due to hot instruments. d. A tissue specimen is misplaced by a transporter
Restraints are used on a patient who threatens to leave
The operating room and sterile areas are considered _________ areas. a. critical b. unrestricted c. restricted d. semirestricted
Restricted
Which of the following is NOT a restriction for operating room personnel during a surgical procedure? a. Blood stream infections b. Streptococcus c. Pneumonia d. SSI"s
SSI's
All operating rooms should have a unidirectional positive pressure flow of air that captures microbes to be filtered. This type of air system is called? a. unidirectional b. sterile c. laminar d. particulate
Laminar
Which of the following terms describes a civil wrong that may be intentional or unintentional? a. tort b. indictment c. liability d. complaint
Tort
Which of the following is a semi-restricted zone? a. all are correct b. dressing room c. corridor outside of operating rooms d. operating room
Corridor outside of operating rooms
Which of the following is NOT a restriction for operating room personnel during a surgical procedure? a. artifical nails b. excessive perfume c. covered tattoos d. visible body piercings
Covered Tattoo
Which of the following is NOT a restriction for operating room personnel during a surgical procedure? a. facial piercings b. excessive perfume c. artificial nails d. covered tattoos
Covered Tattoos
IS the formal recognition of an instructional program as conforming with a set of standards. a. Credentialing b. Licensure c. Accreditation d. Certification
Credentialing
A break in sterile technique in which the sterile surgical assistant touches an unsterile IV pole and then touches the sterile field is? a. Bioburden b. Decontamination c. Infection d. Cross contamination
Cross contamination
Which of the following surgical patients would be legally authorized to sign an informed surgical consent, based on medical practice acts and state law? a. emancipated 16 year old b. foreign language speaking patient without an interpreter c. premedicated competent adult d. adult in a persistent vegatative state
Emancipated 16 year old
Of the following safety measures the ____________, would be the best intervention by the CST to prevent sharp injuries. a. rely on nonverbal communication b. placement of needles on the mayo stand c. recap needles d. establish a neutral zone
Establish a neutral zone
HIPAA means: a. Hear It Possibly Accord Another b. Healthcare Insurance Portability and Accountability Act c. Health Insurance Probability Accounting Act d. Healthcare Insistence Policing All Others
Healthcare Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Select the correct statement regarding a dropped sterile package. a. A dropped package sterilized in impervious wrapping material can be considered sterile and safe for immediate use if the packaging is intact, regardless of the weight of the item. b. A dropped package sterilized in impervious wrapping material can be considered sterile and safe for immediate use if the packaging is intact, the item is lightweight, the package has been inspected, is not compromised in anyway. c. A dropped package can be used as long as it doesn"t appear to be wet. d. A dropped package sterilized in Pervious, i.e. linen or cloth, is considered sterile if dropped.
A dropped package sterilized in impervious wrapping material can be considered sterile and safe for immediate use if the packaging is intact, the item is lightweight, the package has been inspected, is not compromised in anyway.
Which of the following statements regarding sterile technique is false? a. Instruments or sutures hanging over the table are discarded b. A sterile person faces an unsterile person when passing c. Sterile persons pass each other back to back d. Wrapper edges are unsterile
A sterile person faces an unsterile person when passing
According to the Joint Commission, what is a 'Time Out? ' a. A time to make sure all equipment is operating correctly b. A time to review patient data - right patient, right procedure c. An opportunity for all OR staff to take a break d. A review of all important data relating to the procedure
A time to review patient data - right patient, right procedure
A(n) ______ injury is an injury that was induced by a doctor or caregiver. a. premeditated b. negligent c. accidental d. iatrogenic
Iatrogenic
What term refers to a barrier, such as plastic-backed table cover, that does NOT allow for passage of liquid through it? a. integral b. improbable c. impervious d. insoluble
Impervious
_____ is a formal written accusation from a grand jury. a. perjury b. an indictment c. slander d. libel
Indictment
Perjury consists of: a. injury resulting from the activity of a health care professional b. A statement one expects to prove true c. intentially providing false testimony under oath d. an intentional act intended to a make another person fearful
Intentionally providing false testimony under oath
A violation of professional duty to act with reasonable care and in good faith is a. Abandonment b. malpractice c. Tort d. Libel
Malpractice
Which of the following is defined as any professional misconduct resulting in harm to another? a. malpractice b. incompetence c. negligence d. liability
Malpractice
Which of the following legal terms is BEST described as 'professional misconduct that results in harm to another'? a. malpractice b. liability c. negligence d. allegation
Malpractice
The Surgical Technologist gowns and gloves off of the following piece of equipment? a. back table b. mayo stand c. scrub sink d. ring stand
Mayo Stand
Alisha the CST involved in a colon resection has to leave to pick up her daughter from school at 3pm. She knows that if she leaves without relief from another CST she could be charged with? a. Malpractice b. Abandonment c. Malpractice d. Perjury
Abandonment
A living will, health care proxy, and power of attorney are examples of ______. a. advance directives b. commissions c. depositions d. testimony
Advance directives
The motto of the AST is ______. a. res ipsa loquitur b. aeger primo c. primum non nocere d. respondeat superior
Aeger Primo
Surgical gowns are constructed to be breathable, which means they allow _____ in. a. Air b. Body fluids c. All are correct d. Blood
Air
Written informed consent protects the patient in that it guarantees the patient is aware of: d. all of the choices are correct Answers: a. Any risks involved in the procedure b. The proposed intervention c. His or her conditiond. all of the choices are correct
All
During an operating, maintaining and observing the principles of aseptic technique is the responsibility of __________ a. all members of the OR team b. the surgeon c. the scrub person d. the circulating nurse
All members of the OR team
A substance that is commonly used on living tissue to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microbes in order to prevent infection is called a(n): a. Asepsis b. Sporicidal c. Disinfectant d. Antiseptic
Antiseptic
Which of the following is the most important factor to be maintained throughout the operative procedure by all OR team members? a. silence b. aseptic technique c. constant room temperature d. postion
Aseptic Technique
All of the following would be an example for unintentional torts except? a. Assault b. Falls or positioning errors c. Foreign bodies left in patients d. Patient misidentification
Assault
_____ is an unlawful threat to harm another physically. a. Personal liability b. Assault c. Battery d. Liability
Assault
__________ are the only personnel allowed in a restricted area of an operating room. a. anyone who would like to observe b. Authorzed personnel in OR scrub attire. c. Authorized personnel in street or scrub attire d. Authorized personnel in street attire
Authorized personnel in OR scrub attire.
When setting up a room for a surgical procedure, the CST knows that the sterile field is initially established on the? a. operating table b. mayo stand c. ring stand d. back table
Back Table
To perform surgery without consent is to be liable for the charge of: a. slander b. battery c. libel d. assault
Battery
A surgical mask________ a. may be removed in the OR during the procedure. b. must be worn at all times within the operating room c. may be removed as soon as the dressing is on the patient. d. must be worn loosely over the mouth and nose
Must be worn at all times within the operating room
Which of the following legal doctrines would MOST likely apply in the case of a wrong site surgery or retained foreign body? a. caveat emptor b. res ipsa loquitur c. aeger primo d. primum non nocere
Caveat Emptor
________is voluntary and confirms that one has met the requirements of and may practice in a field. a. Credentialing b. Licensure c. Accreditation d. Certification
Certification
Which gloving method should be performed by the surgical technologist after donning a sterile gown and before setting up the back table? a. assisted gloving b. closed gloving c. triple gloving d. open gloving
Closed gloving
Which of the following types of law is established on the basis of previous court decisions? a. corporate law b. common law c. statutory law d. tort law
Common Law
Under the res ipsa loquitor rule, health care providers being sued for malpractice a. Are not liable if they acted within the legitimate scope of their authority b. Are presumed innocent until proven otherwise c. Supplant the facility as master when working as independent contractors d. Must prove that they were not negligent and that the injury occurred for other reasons
Must prove that they were not negligent and that the injury occurred for other reasons
The general rights and responsibilities of health care legislation are reflected in the: a. Negligence regulations b. Patient Care Partnership c. Mensa regulations d. OSHA regulations
Patient Care Partnership
Air pressure for the operating room is__________ a. negative and filtered by particulate air filters b. both positive and negative c. equalized between the OR and adjacent areas d. positive to prevent air from entering the OR from other areas
Positive to prevent air from entering the OR from other areas
Which of the following is NOT a standard of practice followed by surgical technologists? a. Every patient is entitled to the same application of aseptic techniques within the physical facilities b. Preoperative planning and preparation for surgical intervention are generalized to meet the needs of the largest numbers of patients and surgeons. c. Application of basic and current knowledge is necessary for a proficient performance of assigned functions. d. .Preparation of the surgical suite/clinical area and all supplies and equipment will ensure environmental safety for patients and personnel.
Preoperative planning and preparation for surgical intervention are generalized to meet the needs of the largest numbers of patients and surgeons.
Which of the following incidents are UNLIKELY to result in litigation? a. use of defective equipment or instruments b. improper care of specimens c. rigorous effort to maintain aseptic technique d. failure to observe critical events and take appropriate action
Rigorous effort to maintain aseptic technique
A __________ holds sterile basin with sterile water or saline. a. Mayo stand b. ring stand c. back table d. case cart
Ring stand
The legal term that identifies the knowledge and skills required for a profession and describes a health care provider"s core accountability, based on education, experience, and credentialing is: a. policies and procedures b. scope of practice c. recommended standards of practice d. professional liability
Scope of practice
The Joint Commission defines a(n) ____________ as an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof a. none of the above b. Sentinel event c. near miss d. Adverse event
Sentinel event
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the basic OR attire of non-scrubbed personnel in the restricted area of the OR suite? a. Should wear the same OR attire as the scrubbed personnel with the exception of the sterile gown and gloves b. should wear the same OR attire as the scrubbed personnel c. should just wear a long sleeved warm up jacket that is buttoned or snapped closed over clothes d. none of the above
Should wear the same OR attire as the scrubbed personnel with the exception of the sterile gown and gloves
Items that have been rendered free of all living organisms, including spores, are called: a. Surgically clean b. Disinfected c. Aseptic d. Sterile
Sterile
George the CST setting up room 5, he knows there needs to be two suction canister set ups one for ______ and the other for _______. a. Anesthesia, decontamination b. Sterile field, anesthesia c. Sterile field, emergency d. emergency, anesthesia
Sterile field, anesthesia
Which of the following best describes the function of the Mayo stand? a. It holds the instruments not used on the sterile field b. The sterile basins rest on this piece of furniture c. It is used as an ancillary piece of furniture d. The CST works from this stand
The CST works from this stand
Sepsis may be defined as __________. a. the presence of disease-causing microorganisms or other toxins in the bloodstream b. a state of being free from infection c. the desired condition of a surgical wound d. the absence of pathogens in the blood or tissues
The presence of disease-causing microorganisms or other toxins in the bloodstream
Select the correct statement regarding event related sterility. a. There is no such thing as event related sterility. b. Only events that cause moisture are considered event related sterility, punctures or tears are not. c. none are correct d. The shelf life of a package is determined if an event occurred that compromises the package and the contents.
The shelf life of a package is determined if an event occurred that compromises the package and the contents.
Which of the following is NOT part of the surgical technologist "s code of ethics? a. to maintain just the minimum standards of professional conduct and patient care b. to report any unethical conduct or practice to the proper authority c. to respect and protect the patient "s legal and moral rights to quality patient care d. to maintain the highest standards of professional conduct and patient care
To maintain just the minimum standards of professional conduct and patient care
When a sterile attired surgical technologist drapes an unsterile table, he or she opens the drape: a. away from him- or herself first b. toward sides and pulls drape down well below edge c. toward him- or herself first d. by shaking out folds first and laying it across table
Toward him- or herself first
Under specific circumstances, the courts may give informed consent. a. true b. false
True
Which of the following is the guiding principle of the Hippocratic medical ethics? a. res ipsa loquitur b. aeger primo c. respondeat superior d. primum non nocere
primum non nocere
Double gloving is recommended for all surgical procedures. True False
True
The normal temperature for an operating room should be between ____ to ______ degrees and the humidity should not exceed _____. a. 70, 75, and 60 b. 60, 65, and 50 c. 68, 73, and 60 d. 63, 70, and 65
68, 73, and 60
A nonsterile person should approach a sterile area face forward while maintaining a minimum distance of a. 12 inches b. 6 feet c. 6 inches d. 2 feet
12 inches
Each operating room should have a minimum of ___________ and a maximum of ______________ filtered air exchanges per hour. a. 15, 30 b. 15, 20 c. 20,20 d. 20, 30
15, 20
Risk Management: a. Helps identify risks to prevent adverse events before they occur b. none of these answers are correct. c. Helps identify root causes of events and prevent their recurrence d. Is intended to place blame on individuals responsible for adverse events e. 2 of these answers are correct
2 of these answers are correct
The loss caused by one person to another or to their property, either with the design of injuring him, with negligence and carelessness, or by inevitable accident is ______. a. proximate cause of injury or damage b. foreseeability of harm c. damage d. dereliction/failure to meet standard
Damage
Which of the following is NOT an attribute of surgical conscience? a. protect the patient from physical hazards in the operating room b. dismiss the patient"s fears and anxieties concerning surgery c. respect the patient"s rights to privacy, property, dignity, and identify d. treat patients in a nondiscrimitory manner.
Dismiss the patient's fear and anxieties concerning surgery
When a sterile item is hanging or extending over the sterile table edge, the surgical technologist ___________________. a. must watch closely that no one comes near it b. .should pull it back onto the table so it does not become contaminated c. does not touch the part hanging below table level and discards the item d. may use the item
Does not touch the part hanging below table level and discards the item
Which of the following would NOT be considered a part of the restricted area of the OR suite? a. operating room b. dressing room c. scrub area d. instrument room
Dressing Room
Which of the following is an unrestricted transitional zone? a. substerile area b. operating room c. dressing room d. sterile core
Dressing room
Tables are considered sterile completely, when draped, from tabletop to floor. True False
False
What is the proper way to open a sterile wrapped item for delivery to the sterile field? a. Left flap is pulled and tucked into palm, right flap is pulled and tucked, top flap is pulled and opened away from self and tucked, and bottom flap is pulled toward self and secured before tossing item onto field. b. Right flap is pulled and tucked into palm, left flap is pulled and tucked, top flap is pulled and opened toward self, and the bottom flap is opened away from self and secured before tossing onto field. c. First flap is pulled and opened away from self and tucked into palm or little finger, side flaps are pulled and tucked into palm or little finger, and last flap is pulled toward self and secured before tossing item onto field. d. First flap is pulled and opened toward self, the side flaps are pulled open, and the last flap is pulled and opened away from self; then item is tossed onto field.
First flap is pulled and opened away from self and tucked into palm or little finger, side flaps are pulled and tucked into palm or little finger, and last flap is pulled toward self and secured before tossing item onto field.
A member of the scrub team who requires additional height to be functional uses a __________. a. kick bucket b. Mayo stand c. foot stool, platform, or lift d. ring stand
Foot stool, platform or lift
A sterile field is created: a. For each surgical procedure b. During lunch c. At the beginning of each day d. At the end of each day
For surgical procedure
The degree to which an action could be anticipated to cause injury is ______. a. dereliction/failure to meet standard b. damage c. proximate cause of injury or damage d. foreseeability of harm
Foreseeability of harm
Sterile attired surgical team members should pass one another in any of the following ways EXCEPT: a. back to back b. front to front c. front to back d. rotating 360
Front to back
The OR should ideally be located near several ancillary units. Which of a. emergency room b. blood bank c. central service d. general admissions
General Admissions
Jose the CST in room 4 is told by the anesthesiologist to get an oxygen tank in the room for backup. Jose knows the color of this tank will be? a. Blue b. Yellow c. Black d. Green
Green
A __________ is used as a receptacle for soiled, counted sponges. a. trash container b. kick bucket c. case cart d. linen hamper
Kick bucket
Ethics and laws are closely related because ______. a. legal docterines often interpret ethical concepts. b. ethical doctrines and legal concepts are the same c. both ethics and laws are interpreted by religion d. eithical doctrines often interpret legal concepts
Legal doctrines often interpret ethical concepts.
Which of the following statements regarding sterile technique is TRUE? a. An unsterile person may touch sterile areas b. A sterile person may lean over an unsterile area c. Only the surface level of a table draped with a sterile drape cover is considered sterile d. Edges of anything that encloses sterile content are considered sterile.
Only the surface level of a table draped with a sterile drape cover is considered sterile
Which of the following statements regarding sterile technique is TRUE? a. Only the surface level of a table draped with a sterile drape cover is considered sterile. b. A sterile person may lean over an unsterile area. c. An unsterile person may touch sterile areas d. Edges of anything that encloses sterile content are considered sterile.
Only the surface level of a table draped with a sterile drape cover is considered sterile.
What should the surgical technologist do with his or her gown and gloves in preparation for donning after scrubbing? a. Open sterile gown wrapper on unsterile Mayo stand, and open and toss gloves onto gown. b. Open and toss gown and gloves into the basin set. c. Open and toss gown and gloves onto unsterile Mayo stand. d. Open and toss gown and gloves onto the back table.
Open sterile gown wrapper on unsterile Mayo stand, and open and toss gloves onto gown.
Most hospital"s design the operating room in a ______ design to ensure that traffic patterns are controlled, environmental control, and to limit surgical site infections. a. Race track b. Triangle c. Horseshoe d. Square
Race Track
Operating room tables are translucent to allow for_______ during the procedure. a. drainage b. radiographs c. viewing d. exposure
Radiographs
Which type of packaging system has filters and removable locking devices? a. woven cloth b. rigid containers c. peel packs d. non woven materials
Rigid containers
Which is the correct statement regarding timing and use when opening the sterile field? a. Sterile supplies can still be considered sterile if the patient is in the room but the surgery is cancelled, and can be used on the next patient. b. Sterile supplies should be opened the night before to enable surgical staff more time for the first case of the day. c. Sterile supplies should be covered with a sterile drape if not used immediately. d. Sterile supplies should be opened as close to the time of surgery as possible and for one patient only.
Sterile supplies should be opened as close to the time of surgery as possible and for one patient only.
Which of the following is the MOST important factor in a surgical technologist"s role in preventing surgical site infections? a. participation in the 'time out' b. strict surgical conscience c. high GPA while a student d. extensive knowledge of anatomy
Strict surgical conscience
Contamination of a sterile field that occurs through the passage of fluid through a microbial barrier or through a puncture in a microbial barrier is called: a. Strike-through contamination b. Vector c. Transient flora d. Nosocomial
Strike-through contamination
When unsterile fluid comes into contact with a sterile surface such as a linen cloth wrapper, it carries bacteria with it and contaminates the cloth wrapper. This is called __________. a. mechanical contamination b. gross soiling c. barrier proofing d. strike-through contamination
Strike-through contamination
Which of the following is a restricted zone? a. sub sterile room b. dressing room c. cast room d. posting and scheduling office
Sub sterile room
What is used to remove blood, irrigating fluids, and secretions from the operative field? a. pressurized air b. suction c. electricity d. irrigation
Suction
Which member of the surgical team is ultimately responsible for obtaining a written, informed surgical consent from a patient? a. surgeon b. CST c. circulator d. anesthesia
Surgeon
Who is responsible for marking the surgical site? a. The surgeon b. The patient c. The anesthesia care provider d. The pre-operative nurse
Surgeon
The best way to reduce the risk of nosocomial infections is: a. Through frequent dental visits b. By always wearing the same pair of gloves. c. Through frequent hand washing d. By shaking hands
Through frequent hand washing
Select the correct statement regarding traffic in and out of the OR. a. Opening the room for the next patient is acceptable if there is still a patient in the room, as this contributes to faster turn over times. b. none of the above c. When opening the sterile items, the more help the better, to make sure things move quickly. d. Traffic in and out of the OR should be monitored and controlled when the surgical team begins to open sterile supplies.
Traffic in and out of the OR should be monitored and controlled when the surgical team begins to open sterile supplies.
An infection that is spread through the air by sneeze droplets is called airborne spread. True False
True
Bacteria from the hair and scalp of surgical personnel are a major source of surgical site infections. True False
True
Jewelry should not be worn by OR personnel because it can harbor bacteria. True False
True
Nail polish prevents the surgical hand scrub from being performed correctly which can increase the risk of colonization of bacteria and surgical site infections. True False
True
Slander is an oral statement that damages a person"s reputation. a. true b. false
True
The primary purpose of wearing a gown around the operating table is to provide a barrier to contamination from both personnel to patient and patient to personnel. True False
True
To reduce the risk of incorrect drugs or the incorrect administration of drugs, all drugs should be labeled on the sterile field. a. true b. false
True
If informed consent cannot be given, how many consulting physicians are needed for consent, not including the operative surgeon? a. one b. three c. none; only the operative surgeon is needed for consent d. two
Two
The patient"s family would like to speak with the Surgeon before the patient enters the operating room. This conversation will likely take place in the ______ Area? a. restricted b. hall way c. semirestricted d. unrestricted
Unrestricted
Which of the following is considered a break in sterile technique? a. a sterile person folds his or her arms with his or her hands in the axillary region b. a sterile person turns his or her back to an unsterile person or area when passing c. a sterile person faces a sterile area d. an unsterile person avoids a sterile area
a sterile person folds his or her arms with his or her hands in the axillary region
A patient was left alone unattended in the pre-op holding area. The patient fell from the stretcher and was injured. Place the hospital investigational steps in order from first to last. a. Incident report, investigation by risk management, sentinel event b. Sentinel event , investigation by risk management, incident report c. Sentinel event, incident report, investigation by risk management d. Investigation by risk management, sentinel event, incident report
c. Sentinel event, incident report, investigation by risk management
