Swk 225 chpt.4
Role Discrepancy
describes the difference btwn perfect role performance & the actual role performance of a position occupant.
Status
power withing social system. High status : judges,presidents ... Low status: poor, criminals ...
Systematic Eclecticism
When you choose the BEST elements from a variety of sources to inform our practice. Applying the best & most tested theoretical constructs to the understanding of our system.
Role Clarification
developing role expectations that are clear and conflict-free for a role occupant intervention of choice for role ambuigity.
Role Negotiation
process of clarifying roles or addressing conflicts by seeing the position occupant and the role senders jointly,and mutually agreeing on expectations
Role Reversal
process of one person assuming the position of an other with whom there is interaction.
Negative Sanctions
punishments/penalties against a person due to failure to meet role expectations.
Reference Group
refer to the group for feedback on our role performance,and thus our self-assessment. We need to belong in reference group in order to value feedback.
Conformity
refers to the condition of a position occupant who experiances subjective discomfort or unhappiness as a result of meeting role expectations. It is an internal matter
Definition of the situation
refers to the importance of the meanings that a person assigns to a social situation.
Positive Sanctions
rewards of benefits that a person gains for meeting the role expectations
Role Strain
role requires skills or qualities that are not in the repertoire of the position occupant
Latent Roles
roles we occupy but are not active at a particular moment.
Situated self
self as it interacts in the immediate social situation. Highly reactive to the immediate situtaion and the social feedback received.
Thematic Self
sense of identity a person develops over time and across a range of social situation.
Norm of Reciprocity
social expectation that the way you act with someone they will act back. " be good to be people and they will be good to you ".
Activation Syndrome
state of arousal that we generally call stress
Normal
steady state in society. What society defines normal or expects
Serial Compromise
strategy i nwhich one alternates in fully meeting the expectation of two or more conflicted positions meeting first one role expectation then switching to meet another
Role Senders
the other and generalized other. They communicate expectations in order to influence the performance of the position occupant.
Other
the person you interact with. Could be imaginary
Achieved
A Person can achieve this position. More mobility. Doctor,divorced,parent,felon...
Merton
Anomic results from a conflict in social expectations rather than the lack of norms.If the reference groups are in conflict individual experiences anomie.
Reality Testing
Asses the objective situation
Norms
Constitute an effort to control the behavior of people in a system by defining socially what is "good" & "bad"
Impression Management
Controlling what is revealed in order to create the desired effect
Generalized Other
Group of people who may be real or imagined.Have consistent expectation of the behavior on others.
Positions
Role theory starts with positions,. Gives structure to the interactions btwn people in a system.
Interpositional role conflict
a person occupies two or more positions concurrently with inocmpatible expectations Ex: mother,student,worker cant meet all expectations
Role Making
ability of a person to modify or create roles in response to changes in a social situation
Role Taking
ability to understand one's position expectations from the standpoint of significant others. EMPATHY
Anomie
absence of social norms in a system. Its disruptive to social and psychological functioning when one does not know how they should behave
Role Performance
actual behavior displayed by the person in a position. Ex: getting job,abusing child,using drugs
Role Accession
addition of new roles that produce conflict or strain in the performance of the existing role repertoire.New role that is unfamiliar
Normal Behavior
behavior that conforms to the social expectations for occupants of a particular position. People conform to the expectations of a position to maintain order.
Role conceptions
behavior that is deemed appropriate by position occupants for their own behavior in a particular situation
Role Distance
behavior that is intended to signal that an occupant is not completely defined by the current position. Our desire to escape the immediate situation and be perceived as a person of depth
Role Expectations
behaviors considered appropriate for a person in certain position
Obliteration by incorporation
by Robert Merton. ideas that have become so useful and familiar that they seem they always been there.
Developmental theme
connections btwn our senses of self from childhood to old age can be understood this way.
Role Sanctions
consequences administrated by others in a social system for the performance of a social role. Rewards & Punishments dealt out by society in response to performances
Role Underperformance
consisten failure to meet the expectations or conceptions for a position in a social system.
Role Refusal
decision by a position occupant to withdraw from a proposed role, and to deny the legitimacy of the role senders to require role performance
Peripheral Roles
do not define the self-concept of the role occupant. May be new or situtionally defined roles that provide a limited impact on the enduring self-concept of a person. EX: college student working part time at McD little investment i nthe role of taking food orders
Role Suspension
form of role refusal in which the refusal is temporary .
Role Set
interacting network of roles that define the expected behavior of a position occupant. Ex: child role needs interaction w/parents need set of roles.
self-talk
internal dialogue between I and Me
Role Loss
involuntary loss of a core role that is a significant part of a person's slef-concept. Core role terminated Death of loved one. Grieving is coping method
Preferential selection
involves choosing one of a ser of conflicted roles for performance by ignoring the demands of other roles
Role Playing/ Role Rehearsal
involves the use of the empty role performance
Role overload
is the proliferation of roles in the repertoire to the point that the position occupant cannot meet all expectations. Constantly adding roles and expectations to our repertoire.
Role Theory
its a middle range theory. Can apply the central role concepts to every system discussed in social work practice.
Conceptions
norms for a role that are internalized by the person who occupy the position.What we think we should do
Expectations
norms shared by others in a society. What others think we should do.
Role Conflict
occurs when a position occupant is exposed to contradictory and incompatible role expectations or conceptions that cannot be per formed at at the same time
Intrapositional role conflict
occurs when the occupant of a single position is exposed to two or more role senders who have different and incompatible expectation.Produce tension Ex. oldest son and both parents ask u to do something different
Role Occupant/ Role Incumbent/ Self/Actor
person in a particular position in a specific situation .Interacts with every other role.
Significant Other
person whose expectations are influential to a person who is evaluating his/her own role performance .Doesn't have to be intimate association. Ex: music teacher giving good feedback
Durkheim (Le Suicide)
personal act of suicide could be traced to the failure of social regulation. Anomic suicide occurs in time of social change/disruption
Role Model
position occupant (other) whose performance is used by another as a standard for successful role performance.refers to using someone as a goal to which one aspires. Don't have to be actual people they can be mythical
Ascribed
positions people are ascribed to like gender,race,age. The are fixed. They bring stability within our social system.
Role Rehearsal
to practicing and developing the skills required in performing a role in a controlled setting, in the absence of actual role senders.
Concept of Self
understood as Reflexive, in which the person in a situation is both the evaluater and the thing being evaluated of social evaluation. Ex: I am ashamed of myself;i was such a fool !
Concurrent Compromise
utilizes partial fulfillment of conflictinf role expectations for teo or more pisitions at a given time.
Role Overperformance
when a role occupant exceeds the usual expectations or conceptions associated with a position.Doing too much
Role Ambiguity
when either the expectations or the conceptions attached to a social position are not clear to the role occupant or to members of the role set.Common when a person is new or in roles that are going through rapid change