Table of Elements and Patterns in the Periodic Table
Alkaline Earth Metal
-An element in group 2 of the periodic table -Not as reactive as group 1 -Shiny, silvery, not as soft as group 1 -Examples: calcium (milk!), fireworks (bright flames)
Chemical Family
-A column of elements on the periodic table with similar physical and chemical properties. -Each family has it's own name -columns are numbered left to right
Element Symbol
-An abbreviation for a chemical element -Usually a letter of what the element starts with -First letter is always uppercase and 2nd letter lowercase "He" -Example: look at the first element.... Hydrogen is abbreviated as "H"
Alkali Metal
-Element in group 1 of the periodic table. -Shiny, silvery and soft -Highly reactive, so often combine with other elements and compounds -Examples: Salt (NaCi), baking soda (NaHCO3), potassium (bananas!)
Non-Metals
-Element that does not conduct heat or electricity -Usually a gas, or dull, powdery solid -Dull, brittle, shatters if pounded or stretched, and poor conductors of heat and electricity -Found in upper portion of periodic table -The line of the periodic table that looks like a staircase separates the metals and non-metals -Opposite of metals -Examples: oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen (gases), charcoal brick (made of carbon)
Metalloids
-Elements are located along the staircase line we just found -An element that has properties of metals and non-metals. -Hydrogen is included
Halogens
-Group 17 of the periodic table -Highly reactive -Chemical bonds quite easily -Are gasses at room temperature and atmospheric pressure -Can be poisonous -Examples:Chlorine (pools, gas) Halogen (lamps)
Metals
-Some elements are metallic, some are not -A lustrous malleable, ductile element that conducts heat and electricity -Lustrous = shiny -Malleable = flexible -Ductile = Can mold or shaped (into wire) -Generally on left and center or periodic table! -Examples: pots and pans (easy to shape, heat up), gold, silver (Decorative, jewelry), copper (electrical wires.)
Elements
-The periodic table is a table of elements -A pure substance that cannot be broken down -You also cannot break an *ELEMENT* into anything simpler, no matter what physical or chemical means you try -They are the building the blocks of all subatances
Compounds
-These are not on the periodic table -A pure substance made up of 2 or more elements -The elements are chemically joined -Example: Water is not on the periodic table (H20) -It is made up of hydrogen and oxygen, so is a compound of these elements -Think of 2 or more Lego blocks put together...you can take them apart -Can only combine certain elements
Noble Gases
Element in group 18 of the periodic table -Colorless, tasteless, odorless -Non-reactive -Non-toxic (except for radon) -The different noble gases glow different colors when an electrical current passes through them -Examples:Helium (balloons), Neon (signs)