TCI Social Studies Chapter 21 [Lesson Game, Definitions, and Learning Targets]

Abraham Lincoln

16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

What challenge did Lincoln face on the home front?

A number of problems were caused by Northerners who opposed the war.

Ulysses S. Grant

American general and eighteenth President of the United States. he was internationally recognized as the leading Union general in the American Civil War.

What was the third step of the Anaconda Plan?

Capture Richmond and destroy the Confederate government

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general who had previously opposed secession but did not believe the Union should be held together by force, head general of the Confederacy

Rose Greenhow

Confederate spy in Washington, D.C. She provided information to the Confederacy from the Union about when they were going to attack Richmond, Virginia

What was the second step of the Anaconda Plan?

Control the Mississippi River and divide the Confederacy

What was responsible for most Civil War deaths?

Diseases

Why was the Battle of Gettysburg a turning point in the Civil War?

General Lee lost so much of his army that he could only wage a defensive war on Southern soil.

What happened at Appomattox Court House?

General Lee surrendered to General Grant and brought the Civil War to an end.

"Stonewall" Jackson

General in the Confederate army during the Civil War whose troops at the first Battle of Bull Run stood like a stone wall against the enemy's attacks

How did Jefferson Davis compare the Civil War to the American Revolution?

He believed that the South was fighting for the same freedom as the nation's founders.

Why did General Lee send troops into Maryland, a slave state?

He hoped to convince Maryland to join the Confederacy.

Why did Lincoln echo the words of the Declaration of Independence in his Gettysburg Address?

He wanted to remind the people of the ideals they were fighting for.

Why did the Union want to control the town of Vicksburg?

Holding Vicksburg would allow them to move men and supplies freely along the Mississippi River.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation achieve?

It changed the purpose of the war to the end of slavery.

How did the Battle of Bull Run change Lincoln's point of view?

It made him realise that ending the war would be much harder than expected.

Why can it be said that the Battle of Antietam was a defeat for both sides?

It was the bloodiest SINGLE DAY of the war.

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederate States of America, he was also a Mississippi senator

What was the most significant geographic disadvantage of the South?

The Mississippi River

What did Union troops find when they approached the town of Manassas?

The Southern army knew about their plan and were waiting for them.

The Union completed the first step of the Anaconda Plan by the end of 1861. What did that accomplish?

The Union closed most ports in the South to foreign ships.

Why did Northerners believe Richmond was so important?

They believed that the war could be won if they destroyed the Confederate capital.

What did women do during the war?

They did many things such as take the place of men by leading farms and businesses, serve the military as messengers, guides, scouts, smugglers, or spies, and provided medical care for sick and wounded soldiers.

What risk did African American Union soldiers face in the war?

They risked death or enslavement if captured by the Confederates.

Gettysburg Adress

a speech given by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863 at the site of the Battle in Gettysburg in memory of the union soldiers who had died trying to protect the idea of freedom upon which the nation was founded

Appomattox Court House

a village in Virginia that was the site of the Confederate surrender to Union forces under the command of General Ulysses S. Grant

Confederacy

another name for the Confederate states of America, made up of the 11 states that seceded from the Union

Strengths of the South?

better military leadership, land is difficult to conquer, most fights are on the South's land (home field advantage)

Strengths of the North?

factories, railroads, banks, more farms for food, seas, lots of natural resources, population, Lincoln

White soldiers...

had better equipment, training, and pay

At the beginning of the Civil War, the greatest weakness of the North was...

its military leadership

Weaknesses of the North?

military leadership, morale

Weaknesses of the South?

mississippi river (could easily divide the South in two), lack of food, lack of factories, economy, transport system

What were the technological firsts of the Civil War?

railroads (transported goods and men), steel plated steamships, photographs ( better documented the war), telegraphs (used to communicate with distant armies)

Anaconda Plan

the plan president Lincoln and General Windfield Scott used to defeat the Confederacy

Habeas Corpus

the right of an accused person to appear in court so a judge can determine whether he or she is being imprisoned lawfully

Sheridan's campaign in the Shenandoah Valley and Sherman's march through Georgia were examples of General Grant's belief in...

total war

A civil war is a conflict between...

two groups of citizens in one country

African American soldiers...

were only allowed into the army in 1862, paid less than white soldiers, might be sold into slavery when captured in war, less military training