Test 1 and 2
Effleurage
"To Skim" and to "Touch Lightly On". The historical term for gliding strokes.
Pre-Existing Condition
Can put a person at risk of developing a secondary condition.
Direction
Center of the body outward.
Body
Designed for health.
Gliding
Determined by pressure, drag, speed, direction, and rhythm. Excellent for spreading lubricant. The more superficial the stroke, the more reflexive the effect. If a deeper stroke pressure is applied at a slower rate, the effect is more mechanical.
Speed
Fast, slow, or variable.
Lymph Nodes
Kidney bean-shaped tissues found in grapelike clusters in several locations in the body.
Proper Body Mechanics
Involve good posture, stability, balance, leverage, and use of the strongest and largest muscles to perform the work.
Primary Reflexive
Is the body's responses to massage and its effects on the nervous system
Trunks
Large vessels where lymphs drain
Duration
Length of time the method is applied.
Depth of Pressure
Light, moderate, deep, or variable.
Petrissage
Main purpose is to lift tissue, applying bend, shear, and torsion forces.
Chronic Pain
Major health problem for approximately 25% of the population. It is pain that persists or recurs for indefinite periods, usually for longer that 3-6 months.
Regional/Local Avoidance of Application
Massage may be performed, but a particular area must be avoided.
Application with Caution
Massage may be performed, but the practitioner must take extra care in determining the methods to be used, the duration of the massage, the depth and intensity of pressure, and the frequency of application.
Referred Pain
May be felt in a surface area far from the stimulated organ.
Pathology
Study of disease
Acute Pain
Symptom of a disease condition or a temporary aspect of medical treatment. It acts as a warning signal. It is usually temporary, of sudden onset, and eaily localized.
Artery
Takes blood away from the heart and veins bring it back.
Stress
Any substantial change in routine or any activity that forces the body to adapt. Places demands on physical, mental, and emotional resources.
Endangerment Sites
Area on the body where it is possible to damage.
Asymmetric Standing
Standing with one foot in front of the other. The most efficient standing position.
Entrainment
A physical phenomenon that occurs when rhythms synchronize
Lifestyles
A risk of the way we live, work, and play.
Intractable Pain
Chronic pain that persists even when treatment is provided or that exists without demonstrable disease.
Inflammatory Response
Combination of processes that attempts to minimize injury to tissues and promote healing, thus maintaining homeostasis.
Contraindication
Condition for which an approach could be harmful.
Indication
Condition for which an approach would be beneficial for health enhancement, treatment, of a particular disorder or support of a treatment modality other than massage.
Caution
Condition that requires the massage therapist to adapt the massage process so that the client's safety is maintained.
Lymphatic System
Consists of the tissues and organs that produce, store, and carry white blood cells that fight infection and other diseases.
Environmental Factors
Environmental conditions put people at greater risk of contracting certain diseases.
Shaking
Effective for relaxing muscle groups or an entire limb.
Phantom Pain
Frequently experienced by clients who have had a limp amputated.
Vibration
Good method for stimulating nerve activity.
Percussion
Moves up and down on the tissue.
General Avoidance of Application
No massage techniques may be performed.
Holding
Provides time for the client to become acclimated to the proximity of another human being.
Frequency
Rate at which the method repeats itself within a given time frame.
Rhythm
Regularity of application of the technique.
Brachial Plexus
Situated partly in the neck and partly in nerves that innervate the upper limb. Muscles most often responsible for impingement are the scalenes, pectoralis minor, and subclavius.
Friction
Small, deep movements performed on a local area. Breaks up local adhesions in connective tissue, especially over tendons, ligaments, and scars. Often done where tendons and ligaments become bound.
Rocking
Soothing, rhythmic method used to calm people.
General Adaptation Syndrome
The body's response to stress
Physiologic Effects
Two different type: Mechanical Effects and Reflexive Effects
Drag
the amount of pull (stretch) on the tissue.
Reflexive Effects
when various mechanical forces are introduced into body tissues during massage with the intent to stimulate the nervous system, the endocrine system, and the chemicals of the body.
Mechanical Effects
when various types of mechanical force are applied directly to the body and directly affect the soft tissue through techniques that normalize the connective tissue or move body fluids and intestinal contents.