Test #1 (Chapters 1 - 4)
cost
"What is the project's budget?" This is an example of a project's _____ constraint.
checklist
A _____ is a tool used in quality management - probability matrix - checklist - critical path analysis - request for proposal
probability matrix
A _____ is a tool used in risk management. - critical path analysis - project organizational chart - probability matrix - work breakdown structure
True
A project's stakeholders include its customers, users, and suppliers.
True
A sprint review is a meeting in which the team demonstrates to the product owner what it has completed during the sprint. (T/F)
methodology
A(n) _____ describes how things should be done.
SWOT analysis
A(n) _____ involves analyzing a company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and is used to aid in strategic planning.
program
A(n) _____ is "a group of related projects, subsidiary programs, and program activities managed in a coordinated manner to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually."
sprint backlog
A(n) _____ is a Scrum artifact and consists of the highest-priority items from the product backlog to be completed in a sprint.
stakeholder register
A(n) _____ is a document that includes stakeholders' roles, names, organizations, and contact information.
closing
Administrative activities, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project, are often involved in which processes? - initiating - executing - closing - monitoring and controlling
True
An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract. (T/F)
False
An organization's information technology project selection process should guide the strategic plan. (T/F)
False
An organization's project management plan expresses the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies of the organization. (T/F)
project integration management
An organizational process assets update is the output of which closing process? - project quality management - project integration management - project procurement management - project time management
True
As projects progress, the organization must reevaluate the need, funding, and will for each project to determine if the project should be continued, redefined, or terminated. (T/F)
PMP certification is used to ensure the quality of the project management profession. An advantage of obtaining PMP certification is that many businesses want more certified project managers to hire.
Discuss the PMP certification. What are the advantages of obtaining PMP certification?
high-end
Enterprise project management software is also known as a _____ tool of project management software. - baseline - midrange - high-end - low-end
personal values
Ethics is a set of principles that guides decision making based on _____ of what is considered right and wrong.
True
Every project should have a well-defined objective. (T/F)
Resources
Galaxy, a construction company, buys a particular brand of tiles manufactured by Tiles and Floors, an eco-friendly tile manufacturing company. However, Tiles and Floors has declared bankruptcy and closed down. At present, Galaxy is facing a crisis because there are no other manufacturers in the market that supplies eco-friendly tiles. Which constraint is Galaxy currently facing? - Cost - Resources - Time - Scope
per-user
High-end tools are generally licensed on a(n) _____ basis.
agile approach
If done well, the _________ can produce several releases of useful software.
artifact
In Scrum, a(n) _____ is a useful object created by people.
False
Project initiation involves taking the actions necessary to ensure that activities in the project plan are completed. (T/F)
True
Project managers must take adequate time to identify, understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders. (T/F)
Systems thinking
Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. Which approach describes the holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization? - Linear analysis - Systems thinking - Reductionism - The silo approach
monitoring and controlling
Reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track, is a common part of which process? - planning - executing - monitoring and controlling - closing
champion
Some projects have a senior manager called a(n) _____ who acts as a key advocate for a project.
True
Stakeholder analyses, work requests, and project charters are tools used in integration management. (T/F)
human resources
The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people. - structural - human resources - political - symbolic
symbolic
The _____ frame of an organization relates to the company's culture.
spiral
The _____ life cycle model is suitable for projects in which changes can be incorporated with reasonable cost increases or acceptable time delays.
waterfall
The _____ life cycle model is used when risk must be tightly controlled and when changes must be restricted after the requirements are defined.
RAD life cycle
The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. - prototyping life cycle - waterfall life cycle - RAD life cycle - spiral life cycle
quadruple constraint
The _____ of project management includes quality, scope, time, and cost constraints.
False
The burndown chart is a Scrum created artifact that provides a list of features prioritized by business value. (T/F)
False
The importance of stakeholders' needs and expectations is limited to the beginning of a project. (T/F)
True
The introduction of new software makes basic tools, such as Gantt charts and network diagrams, inexpensive and easy to create. (T/F)
False
The kick-off meeting is always held before the business case and project charter are completed. (T/F)
False
The last phase of the traditional project life cycle is the implementation phase. (T/F)
True
The level of activity and length of each process group varies for every project. (T/F)
False
The nature of hardware development projects is more diverse than software-oriented projects. (T/F)
False
The only responsibility of a project manager is to meet the specific scope, time, and cost goals of a project. (T/F)
initiating
The organization recognizes that a new project exists and completes a project charter during which processes for a new project? - opening - controlling - initiating - planning
False
The organization should complete low-priority projects before high-priority ones, if the low-priority ones take less time. (T/F)
False
The pre-initiation phase of a project using the Scrum method does not involve project charters, stakeholder management strategy, and kick-off meetings. (T/F)
False
The primary role of project stakeholder management is to ensure that the project will satisfy the stated needs for which it was undertaken. (T/F)
planning
The project cost management knowledge area maps to which process group through the activities of estimating costs and budget determination? - initiating - planning - monitoring and controlling - executing
integration management
The project management plan is the output of which project planning process? - integration management - procurement management - quality management - scope management
False
The project organizational structure is the most efficient choice for most IT projects. (T/F)
monitoring and controlling
The project scope management knowledge area maps to which process group through the activities of scope validation and scope control? - planning - monitoring and controlling - executing - initiating
scope
The question, "What unique product, service, or result does the customer or sponsor expect from the project?" is an example of a(n) _____ constraint.
True
The same organization can have different subcultures. (T/F)
focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.
The symbolic perspective of an organization: - focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management. - views the organization as coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. - focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people. - focuses on the meanings of the culture, language, traditions, and image of the organization.
operations
The term "_____" refers to work done in organizations to sustain the business.
technology
The three spheres of systems management are business, organization, and _____.
False
To be a successful manager, the only skills an IT project manager needs to possess are excellent technical skills. (T/F)
True
Using a systems approach is critical to successful project management. (T/F)
project management plan
What is developed in the Project Integration Management knowledge area? - quality management - schedule management plan - WBS - project management plan
planning
What is often the most difficult and unappreciated process in project management? - planning - monitoring and controlling - initiating - executing
developing the project charter
What is one of the main outputs of the initiation process? - selecting the project manager - identifying the project sponsor - creating the work breakdown structure - developing the project charter
Initiating
What processes include defining and authorizing a project or project phase? - Planning - Initiating - Monitoring and controlling - Executing
Creating sprint backlog
Which activity is a part of the Scrum planning process? - Determining how many sprints will compose each release - Creating sprint backlog - Demonstrating the product during a sprint review meeting - Completing tasks each day during sprints
Member identity
Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than with their types of job or profession? - Member identity - People focus - Group emphasis - Unit integration
Open-systems focus
Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment? - Means-ends orientation - Open-systems focus - Conflict tolerance - Risk tolerance
Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.
Which goal distinguishes project management and portfolio management? - Portfolio management is an easy task whereas project management is a more difficult task. - Project management involves making wise investment decisions whereas portfolio management does not. - Portfolio management asks questions like, "Are we carrying out projects efficiently?" whereas project management asks questions such as "Are we investing in the right areas?" - Project management addresses specific, short-term goals whereas portfolio management focuses on long-term goals.
A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated
Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle? - The period of time given to managers during the feasibility phases to decide on the cost, quality, and time constraints for the project - A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated - The point of time in the project lifecycle after which it is impossible to terminate a running project - The final submission of the project deliverables after which the project is terminated
In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.
Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? - In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments. - Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. - In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. - A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO.
PMI
Which organization provides certification as a Project Management Professional? - PMP - PMC - PMS - PMI
Structural frame
Which perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management? - Structural frame - Human resources frame - Political frame - Symbolic frame
Political frame
Which perspective on organizations assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups? - Political frame - Symbolic frame - Structural frame - Human resources frame
Collecting requirements
Which planning process is associated with project scope management? - Planning schedule management - Collecting requirements - Performing qualitative risk analysis - Estimating costs
Monitoring and controlling
Which process includes measuring progress toward project objectives and taking corrective action to match progress with the plan? - Executing - Monitoring and controlling - Planning - Initiating
Developing the project management plan
Which process involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project? - Developing the project management plan - Developing the project charter - Developing the preliminary project scope statement - Developing the organizational process assets updates
An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source
Which statement best describes outsourcing? - An organization selling its products in a market outside its domestic market - An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source - An organization setting up manufacturing and retailing facilities in a new country - An organization's use of virtual teams with employees located in different countries
Deliverable
Which term refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project? - Deliverable - Input - System - Resource
Kick-off meetings
Which tool can best help in efficient communication management? - Impact matrices - Requests for quotes - Fast tracking - Kick-off meetings
Gantt charts
Which tool is most likely to be used in project schedule management? - Payback analysis - Gantt charts - Impact matrices - Fishbone diagrams
Top management are very important stakeholders for project managers because they provide a large amount of support and commitment to them.
Why is top management commitment crucial for project managers?
Systems
_____ are sets of interacting components working within an environment to fulfill some purpose.
User stories
_____ are short descriptions written by customers of what they need a Scrum system to do for them.
Project management
_____ is "the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements."
Outsourcing
_____ is an organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source.
Executing
_____ the project includes work required to introduce any new hardware, software, and procedures into normal operations.
False
In order to be realistic, a project manager should always set discrete goals instead of a range of objectives. (T/F)
planning, execution
In project integration management, project ______ and _______ are intertwined and inseparable activities.
triple constraint
In project management, the three limitations of scope, time, and cost are referred to as the _____.
Project
In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the most authority? - Functional - Project - Matrix - Circular
False
Initiating and closing tasks are usually the longest and require the most amount of resources and time. (T/F)
True
Initiating processes take place during each phase of a project. (T/F)
False
It is mandatory for project managers working on large information technology projects to be experts in the field of information technology.
False
Leadership style has no impact on the success of virtual teams. (T/F)
False
Managing the triple constraint primarily involves making trade-offs between resources and quality. (T/F)
True
Most colleges and universities have very strong functional organizations. (T/F)
project managers
Passing the CPA exam is a standard for accountants. Similarly, passing the PMP exam is becoming a standard for _____.