Test 1 Organizational Behavior
_____ refers to the heterogeneity of organizations in terms of gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and inclusion of other diverse groups
Workforce diversity
When two people witness something at the same time and in the same situation yet interpret it differently, factors that operate to shape their perceptions reside in the _______.
perceivers
______ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in orer to give meaning to their environment
perception
According to Gordon Allport, ______ is defined as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophyscial systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment
personality
_____ is the sum total of ways in which individual reacts to and interests with others
personality
______ bias indicates the tendency of an individual to attribute his or her own successes to internal factors while putting them blame for failures on external factors.
self-serving
Employees are most likely to perceive their organization as supportive when
they have a voice of decisions
Which of the following does systematic study use to look at relationships to attribute causes and effects?
scientific evidence
Individuals engage in _______ because it is impossible for them to assililagte everything they see and can take in only certain stimuli.
selective perception
________ may be defined as an individual's current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job.
Ability
_______ refers to evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events.
Attitude
_____ explains the ways in which we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we assign to a given behavior.
Attribution theory
The _____ is a personality assessment model that taps basic dimensions which encompass most of the significant variation in human personality, namely extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience.
Big Five Model
______ refers to bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Core self-evaluation
Which of the following functions do managers undertake as part of planning functions?
Defining an organization's goals
Women being assigned marginal job roles that do not lead to promotion is an example of _______ form of discrimination
Exclusion
Who defined personality as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment
Gordan Allport
Which of the following is the most likely to be related to reduced absences and lower resignation rates?
High job involvement
Which of the follow determinants of behavior does organizational behavior study?
Individuals
Which of the following is a factor present in a perceiver which may affect perception?
Interest
In a workplace, _____ involves overt threats or bullying directed at members of specific groups of employees.
Intimidation
Which of the following statements is true regarding emotional intelligence
It comprises a person's ability to detect others' and one's own feelings.
Which of the following best defines organizational behavior?
It involves the study of what people do in a company and how it affects the company's output.
Which of the following is true regarding positive organizational scholarship?
It studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality, and unlock potential.
______ refers to a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.
Job satisfaction
_____ are defined as people who oversee the activities of others and who are responsible for attaining goals in organizations.
Managers
The _____ is a personality assessment consisting of 100 questions where respondents are classified as extroverted or introverted, sensing or intuitive, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving.
Myers- Briggs Type Indicator
_______ is the degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being.
Perceived organizational support
_____ may be referred to as the capacity to undertake tasks that demand stamina, dexterity, and strength.
Physical Abilities
Which of the following disciplines blends concepts form both psychology and sociology to focus on people's influence on one another?
Social Psychology
Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence, all constitutes aspects of ______ study
Systematic
Which of the following is true regarding technical skills?
The encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge.
Which of the following terms describes basic convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence in personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct"?
Values
Which of the following is one of the six essentially universal emotions agreed on by a majority of researchers?
anger
When individuals observe another person's behavior, they attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused. Which of the following attempts to explain this phenomenon?
attribution theory
Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes results in _____
cognitive dissonance
According to the attribution theory, if everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say the behavior shows ________
consensus
If a person responds to a particular situation int he same way over a long time period, then the attribution theory states that the behavior demonstrates ______
consistency
The practice of modifying one's true inner feelings based on display rules is know as
deep acting
Surface acting deals only with ______ emotions
displayed
According to the attribution theory, ______ is one of the three main factors which attempt to determine an individual's behavior.
distinctiveness
With reference to the attribution theory, which of the following terms indicates the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations
distinctiveness
Which of the following terms best describes an intense feeling directed at someone or something
emotion
_____ refers to inconsistencies between the emotions people feel and the emotions they project.
emotional dissonance
A situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work is know as
emotional labor
______ are caused by a specific event, are very brief, and are accompanied by distinct facial expressions.
emotions
Which of the following is a characteristic of emotions?
emotions are reactions to a person or event.
An individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he/she performs is known as
employee engagement
_____ emotions are emotions that people actually expereince, despite what they might display
felt
Which of the following terms refers to factors such as one's biologicial, pysiologicial and inherent psychological makeup determined at conception?
heredity or self concordance
The ability to understand, communicate with, motivate, and support other people, both individually and in groups, may be defined as _____
human skills
_____ refers to the tendency of people to associate two events when in reality there is no conncection
illusory correlation
The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is referred to as ________
job involvement
_____ refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack a contextual stimulus
mood
_____ are cognitive in nature, have an unclear, general cause, and last for several hours or days.
moods
______ refers to the tendency of most individuals to experience a mildly positive mood at zero input when nothing in particular is going on
positivity offset
WHich of the following terms refers to the practice of hiding inner feelings and foregoing emotional expressions in repsonse to display rules
surface acting
Organizational commitment is defined as
the degree to which employees identify with the organizational they work for and its goals.
Which of the following is a factor present in a situation which may affect a person's perception?
time