Test 1 Organize

According to the multiple levels of analysis anchor, A. organizational behavior is mainly the study of how all levels of the organizational hierarchy interact with the external environment. B. OB topics typically relate to the individual, team, and organizational levels of analysis. C. there are eight levels of analysis that scholars should recognize when conducting OB research. D. organizational events can be studied from only one level of analysis. E. corporate executives need to understand business ethics from various levels and perspectives.

.OB topics typically relate to the individual, team, and organizational levels of analysis.

Organizational behavior emerged as a distinct field throughout the A. 1940s. B. 1770s. C. early 1900s. D. 1910s. E. 1970s.

A. 1940s.

The perspective that effective organizations incorporate several workplace practices that leverage the potential of human capital is called the _____ perspective. A. HPWP B. learning C. human capital D. intellectual capital E. open systems

A. HPWP

_____ studies suggest that specific organizational behavior characteristics are important "positive screens" for selecting companies with the highest and most consistent long-term investment gains. A. Investment portfolio B. Organizational development C. Personal theory D. Corporate workplace E. Short-term

A. Investment portfolio

Which of these statements is true about the field of organizational behavior?

A. It examines how individuals and teams in organizations relate to one another and to their counterparts in other organizations.

Which of the following statements is true of organizational behavior knowledge?

A. It is relevant to everyone who works in organizations.

Which generation has a stronger motivation for personal development? A. Millennials B. Baby Boomers C. Generation X D. Generation Z E. Next Gen

A. Millennials

_____ knowledge is the process of retaining knowledge, which is known as organizational memory. A. Storing B. Using C. Sharing D. Acquiring E. Evaluating

A. Storing

Organizational behavior relies on _____ to represent the principles on which organizational behavior is developed and refined. A. anchors B. societal change C. technology D. employee relationships E. investments

A. anchors

Employees, suppliers, and governments A. are organizational stakeholders. B. are rarely considered in organizational behavior theories. C. represent the three levels of analysis in organizational behavior. D. are excluded from the open systems anchor. E. are independent units in an organizational set up.

A. are organizational stakeholders.

Which of the following is a conceptual anchor in organizational behavior? A. contingency anchor B. economic anchor C. social anchor D. single-level anchor E. scientific anchor

A. contingency anchor

Which of the following are service-level diversity differences? A. ethnicity, gender, and age B. race, sexual disposition, and intellect C. age, socioeconomic class, and gender D. physical disabilities, speech patterns, and race E. religious beliefs, race, and gender

A. ethnicity, gender, and age

The greatest value of organizational behavior is that it A. helps us to get things done in the workplace. B. increases our anxiety about circumstances. C. depicts an individual's common sense. D. makes sense of what is going on around us. E. encourages further study of management.

A. helps us to get things done in the workplace.

Bob has been interested in this trend of globalization. He should know that globalization occurs when an organization A. increases its connectivity with people and organizations in other parts of the world. B. serves diverse customers within the firm's home country. C. has a diverse workforce within the firm's home country. D. has a substantially strong domestic market. E. operates in a country with strict foreign trade policies.

A. increases its connectivity with people and organizations in other parts of the world.

Eastern University performs a daily computer search through newspaper articles to identify any articles about the university or its faculty members. University administrators use this information to receive feedback about how the public reacts to university activities. In knowledge management, searching for newspaper articles and other external writing about the organization is mainly a form of A. knowledge acquisition. B. grafting. C. organizational unlearning. D. knowledge sharing. E. documentation.

A. knowledge acquisition.

Which perspective emphasizes the external dependence of organizations? A. open system B. closed system C. transformation process D. good fit E. independent variable

A. open system

The open systems anchor of organizational behavior states that A. organizations affect and are affected by their external environments. B. organizations can operate efficiently by ignoring changes in the external environment. C. people are the most important organizational input needed for effectiveness. D. organizations should avoid internal conflicts to achieve efficiency. E. organizations should be open to internal competition to be able to obtain a sustainable competitive advantage

A. organizations affect and are affected by their external environments.

Which discipline has provided organizational behavior with much of its theoretical foundation for team dynamics, organizational power, and organizational socialization? A. sociology B. psychology C. economics D. industrial engineering E. political science

A. sociology

The topic of ethics is most closely associated with the _____ perspective. A. stakeholder B. systems C. high-performance work practices D. open systems anchor E. contingency

A. stakeholder

The understanding that no single solution is best in all circumstances is a variable for the _____ anchor. A. systematic research B. contingency C. multidisciplinary D. multiple levels of analysis E. effectiveness

A. systematic research

Organizations retain intellectual capital by A. transferring employee capital into structural capital. B. encouraging employees to take early retirement. C. discouraging employees from communicating with each other. D. reducing the level of documentation in organizations. E. building strong human capital.

A. transferring employee capital into structural capital.

Organizational effectiveness is considered the _____ in organizational behavior. A. ultimate dependent variable B. goal-setting attainment C. best yardstick D. goodness fits E. open door

A. ultimate dependent variable

Which of the following statements is consistent with the concept of contingency anchor? A. To obtain the best results, actions should be taken without considering their consequences. B. A particular action may have different consequences in different situations. C. OB theories are based on simple, common-sense ideas about what managers should do. D. OB theories point out the one best way to resolve organizational problems. E. Organizations should never be viewed as systems that process inputs to provide outputs.

B. A particular action may have different consequences in different situations.

_____ diversity includes differences in the psychological characteristics of employees, including personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes. A. Reflective B. Deep-level C. Organizational D. Surface-level E. External

B. Deep-level

_____ includes differences in the psychological characteristics of employees. A. Surface-level diversity B. Deep-level diversity C. Workplace diversity D. Multigenerational diversity E. Cultural diversity

B. Deep-level diversity

Which of the following statements is true about workforce diversity? A. Diverse teams win awards. B. Diverse teams make better decisions. C. Diverse teams have difficulty solving problems. D. Diverse teams struggle with communication. E. Diverse teams have a stronger work ethic

B. Diverse teams make better decisions.

_____ refers to the study of moral principles or values that determine whether actions are right or wrong and outcomes are good or bad. A. Performance orientation B. Ethics C. Multicultural teams D. Legal obligations E. Organizational behavior

B. Ethics

. _____ refers to economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world. A. OB B. Globalization C. Work/life balance D. Knowledge management E. Corporate social responsibility

B. Globalization

. _____ refers to economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world. A. Organizational behavior B. Globalization C. Technological change D. Employment relationship E. Personnel policy

B. Globalization

Organizational behavior theories are used to A. state personal beliefs about the work environment. B. adopt accurate models of workplace behavior. C. increase anxiety in the workplace. D. incite curiosity about the organization. E. question the world in which we live.

B. adopt accurate models of workplace behavior.

Deep-level diversity includes A. physiological differences. B. attitudes. C. ethnicity. D. gender. E. race.

B. attitudes.

. A person's decisions, statements, and actions are evident in A. surface-level diversity. B. deep-level diversity. C. workplace diversity. D. multigenerational diversity. E. cultural diversity.

B. deep-level diversity.

What is the most common indicator of effective internal subsystems? A. adaptability B. efficiency C. innovativeness D. transformation E. success

B. efficiency

Systematic research investigation is the basis for A. globalization. B. evidence-based management. C. emerging employment relationships. D. contingency reports. E. problem-solving strategies.

B. evidence-based management.

Which of the following is a form of knowledge acquisition? A. observation B. experimentation C. documentation D. internal communication E. group discussion

B. experimentation

The _____ emphasized the study of employee attitudes and informal group dynamics in the workplace. A. organizational development school of business B. human relations school of management C. anchor of knowledge school of sociology D. organizational effectiveness school of information systems E. study of self school of psychology

B. human relations school of management

As part of the knowledge management process, experimentation is conducive to A. measuring intellectual capital. B. knowledge acquisition. C. increasing organizational memory. D. knowledge sharing. E. unlearning.

B. knowledge acquisition.

Welcoming theories and knowledge from other disciplines is which anchor of organizational behavior? A. systematic research B. multidisciplinary C. contingency D. multiple levels of analysis E. effectiveness

B. multidisciplinary

In _____, organizations receive feedback from the external environment regarding the value of their outputs, the availability of future inputs, and the appropriateness of the transformation process. A. good fit B. open systems C. organizational effectiveness D. innovative processes E. closed systems

B. open systems

Which organizational behavior perspective discusses inputs, outputs, and feedback? A. organizational learning B. open systems C. multidisciplinary D. systematic research E. intellectual capital

B. open systems

The _____ perspective, also called knowledge management, views knowledge as the main driver of competitive advantage. A. open systems B. organizational learning C. stakeholder D. systematic research E. shared values

B. organizational learning

People who are self-motivated, organized, and can work effectively with technology are better suited for A. globalization. B. telecommuting. C. organizational behavior. D. organizational development. E. flexible scheduling

B. telecommuting.

A computer maintenance company wants to capture the knowledge that employees carry around in their heads by creating a database where employees document their solutions to unusual maintenance problems. This practice tries to A. transform intellectual capital into knowledge management. B. transfer human capital into structural capital. C. prevent relationship capital from interfering with human capital. D. reduce the amount of human capital. E. transfer structural capital into relationship capital.

B. transfer human capital into structural capital.

Which of the following is most closely associated with corporate social responsibility? A. knowledge management B. triple bottom line C. absorptive capacity D. adaptive ability E. knowledge acquisition

B. triple bottom line

. Which of the following statements is true about globalization and organizational behavior? A. Globalization has little or no effect on organizational behavior. B. Globalization has forced organizational behavior researchers to study only large multinational businesses. C. Globalization offers numerous benefits to organizations. D. Globalization has forced organizational behavior textbooks to discuss only companies with headquarters in North America. E. Globalization does not have a significant impact on today's organizations.

C. Globalization offers numerous benefits to organizations.

21. _____ encompasses the study of how organizations interact with their external environments.

C. Organizational behavior

Which of the following typically results in a loss of intellectual capital? A. The employees help the organization discover opportunities. B. The employees protect the firm from threats in the external environment. C. The company sells one of its divisions and its employees now work for the other organization. D. The workers help in documentation of work procedures. E. The company has a good physical layout of the production line

C. The company sells one of its divisions and its employees now work for the other organization.

The _____ of organizational effectiveness is a composite of four perspectives: open systems, organizational learning, high-performance work practices, and stakeholders. A. open system B. dependent variable C. best yardstick D. good fit E. dependent variable

C. best yardstick

The best leadership style, the best conflict-handling style, and the best organizational structure are all examples of A. anchors. B. research topics. C. contingencies. D. disciplines. E. management styles.

C. contingencies.

According to the open systems view of organizations, _____ is (are) an input for organizations. A. incentive plans B. products C. financial resources D. employee motivation E. employee behavior

C. financial resources

In order for something to be called an organization, A. it must have a building. B. it must have equipment. C. it must consist of people who work interdependently. D. it must have government documentation. E. it must make a product.

C. it must consist of people who work interdependently.

Twice every year, a major car parts manufacturer brings together the production and engineering specialists from its eight divisions to discuss ideas, solutions, and concerns. This helps to minimize the "silos of knowledge" problem that exists in many organizations. This practice is primarily an example of A. grafting. B. experimentation. C. knowledge sharing. D. documentation. E. organizational unlearning.

C. knowledge sharing.

ACME Software Inc. has developed a training program to make employees more aware of how their job performance affects customers and other employees within the organization and to inform them of the changing market conditions. This training program relates most closely with which of the following concepts? A. contingency anchor B. grounded theory C. open systems D. virtual teams E. telecommuting

C. open systems

Organizational behavior views organizations as A. non-systems. B. a single unitary subsystem. C. open systems. D. closed systems. E. a system without interactions with the external environment.

C. open systems.

When organizations find ways to acquire, share, use, and store knowledge, they are demonstrating the perspective of A. intellectual capital. B. innovation. C. organizational learning. D. open systems. E. organizational efficiency.

C. organizational learning.

. A company's success is _____by the quality of its CEO. A. not influenced B. mildly influenced C. significantly influenced D. only influenced E. slightly influenced

C. significantly influenced

. The observable demographic or physiological differences in people, such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, and physical disabilities, constitute _____ diversity. A. deep-level B. internal C. surface-level D. organizational E. reflective

C. surface-level

Mick works for a company as a financial analyst from home using information technology. He does not work in a traditional physical workplace, rather he is utilizing A. deep-level diversity. B. work/life balance. C. virtual work. D. surface-level diversity. E. frictional unemployment.

C. virtual work.

. Jillian uses her one-hour commute in the morning to prepare for the work day and her one-hour commute home to refocus on family. Jillian is practicing A. problem-solving. B. time management. C. work/life balance. D. communication style. E. organizational skills

C. work/life balance.

_____ refers to an organization's moral obligation toward all of its stakeholders. A. Values B. Legal obligation C. Multicultural teams D. Corporate social responsibility E. Organizational behavior

D. Corporate social responsibility

Which expert wrote about rational organizations, the work ethic, and charismatic leadership? A. Plato B. Confucius C. Adam Smith D. Max Weber E. Frederick Taylor

D. Max Weber

Out of the generational groups discussed in the textbook, which group has the highest preference for leisure and the lowest value of social interaction? A. Gen-Xers B. Gen-Yers C. Baby Boomers D. Millennials E. Silent Generation

D. Millennials

Which of these statements is consistent with the five anchors of organizational behavior? A. Organizational behavior theories must apply universally to every situation. B. Organizations are like machines that operate independently of their external environment. C. Each OB topic relates to only one level of analysis. D. The field of organizational behavior should rely on other disciplines for some of its theory development. E. Organizational behavioral decision making does not require evidence from research

D. The field of organizational behavior should rely on other disciplines for some of its theory development.

Globalization offers numerous benefits to organizations, including all of the following except A. larger markets. B. lower costs. C. access to knowledge. D. decreased job security. E. innovation.

D. decreased job security.

Organizations maintain a good environmental fit in all of the following ways except A. adapting to the environment. B. influencing the environment. C. moving to a more favorable environment. D. designing products and work processes. E. acclimating to the environment.

D. designing products and work processes.

Organizational behavior knowledge is A. for managers. B. for employees. C. for consumers. D. for everyone. E. for stakeholders.

D. for everyone.

Allison thinks that organization is the same as an organism. However, in the field of organizational behavior, organizations are best described as A. legal entities that must abide by government regulations and pay taxes. B. physical structures with observable capital equipment. C. social entities with a publicly stated set of formal goals. D. groups of people who work interdependently towards some purpose. E. any social entity with profit-centered motives and objectives.

D. groups of people who work interdependently towards some purpose.

. Organizational behavior knowledge

D. helps us to understand, predict, and influence the behaviors of others in organizational settings.

Allison should understand that organizational behavior knowledge A. should never be used to influence the behavior of other people. B. should be used only by managers and senior executives. C. should never replace common-sense knowledge about how organizations work. D. is relevant to everyone who works in organizations. E. is an independent science that has evolved independently.

D. is relevant to everyone who works in organizations.

If Bob wants to study deep-level diversity in his organization, he should A. review the demographic characteristics of his workforce. B. consider the likelihood of long-term employment with the organization for each of his employees. C. observe the differences in the people who represent his workforce. D. look at different attitudes and expectations of his employees. E. research the cultural and racial background of the workforce in the industry

D. look at different attitudes and expectations of his employees.

Intellectual capital refers to the A. total spending on training and development of employees. B. total number of employees in the organization. C. total cost of computers and other "intelligent" machines in the organization. D. stock of knowledge that resides in an organization. E. cost of hiring a typical employee.

D. stock of knowledge that resides in an organization.

At Clickz, an American photography magazine firm, more than half of the senior management positions are held by women. African Americans represent 40 percent of the company's workforce. The description of Clickz's diversity refers to A. deep-level diversity. B. psychological diversity. C. personality diversity. D. surface-level diversity. E. attitude diversity

D. surface-level diversity.

The multiple levels of analysis studied by organizational behavior researchers include all of the following except A. the individual. B. the unit team. C. the organization. D. the customer. E. the internal team.

D. the customer.

Which of the following is an example of globalization? A. A footwear firm based in San Diego opens a new branch in Los Angeles. B. A car company based in Pittsburgh manufactures its cars in Philadelphia. C. Rewind, a German music band that plays traditional German folk music, performs in Berlin. D. Rowan, a French citizen, publishes a novel within France. E. An American-based burger joint opens a new outlet in China.

E. An American-based burger joint opens a new outlet in Chin

Which of the following statements is true about organizational behavior? A. OB researchers systematically study various topics at a single level rather than at multiple levels. B. It is concerned with the study of people who work independently. C. It does not include the study of collective entities. D. It is less effective in studying people who interact in highly organized fashion. E. It includes team, individual, and organizational level analyses.

E. It includes team, individual, and organizational level analyses.

Which of the following statements is true about human capital in an organization? A. Human capital helps the organization use opportunities more than realizing them. B. The existence of human capital increases the threats in the external environment. C. Human capital is non-substitutable though it is abundant. D. Human capital is independent of the challenges of the external environment. E. It is a key variable in the HPWP model of organizational effectiveness.

E. It is a key variable in the HPWP model of organizational effectiveness.

Which of the following is true according to the systematic research anchor? A. OB topics typically relate to the individual, team, and organizational levels of analysis. B. OB should import knowledge from other disciplines, not just create its own knowledge. C. OB theory should recognize that the effects of actions often vary with the situation. D. A particular action may have different consequences in different situations. E. OB should study organizations by forming questions, collecting data, and testing hypotheses against those data.

E. OB should study organizations by forming questions, collecting data, and testing hypotheses against those data.

To help Allison understand some preliminary information about OB, which of these statements about the field is true? A. Organizational behavior scholars give more importance to individual characteristics than structural characteristics. B. The field of organizational behavior is independent of the concepts and theories from other fields of inquiry. C. Organizational behavior emerged as a distinct field late in the 1990s. D. Given the specific utility of the field, OB is useful for the managers in the organizations but not for the employees. E. Organizational behavior scholars study what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations.

E. Organizational behavior scholars study what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations.

The triple-bottom-line philosophy says A. companies should pay three times as much attention to profits as they do to employee wellbeing. B. the main goal of all companies is to satisfy the needs of three groups: employees, shareholders, and suppliers. C. business success increases by having three times more contingent workers than permanent employees. D. companies should treat their local, national, and global customers fairly. E. companies should try to support the economic, social, and environmental spheres of sustainability.

E. companies should try to support the economic, social, and environmental spheres of sustainability.

In the field of organizational behavior, organizations are described as

E. groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose.

Which of the following perspectives of organizational effectiveness argues that companies take their sustenance from the environment and, in turn, affect that environment through their outputs? A. stakeholder B. systematic research C. high-performance work practice D. organizational learning E. open systems

E. open systems

A firm has good associations with its customers, suppliers, and others who provide added mutual value for the firm. Name the form of intellectual capital that is possessed by the firm due to its good associations. A. structural capital B. intellectual capital C. human capital D. knowledge capital E. relationship capital

E. relationship capital

Stable, long-lasting beliefs about what is important in a variety of situations are A. intellectual capital. B. the foundations of the open systems anchor. C. the main reason why virtual teams fail. D. rarely studied in the field of organizational behavior. E. the values of the organization.

E. the values of the organization.

Which of these organizational behavior trends is corporate social responsibility most closely related to? A. workforce diversity B. employment relationships C. information technology D. globalization E. workplace values and ethics

E. workplace values and ethics

Employees who were born between 1946 and 1964 are referred to as Generation X employees

False (baby boomers)

The systematic research anchor relies mainly on qualitative data and subjective procedures to test hypotheses

False (quantitative)

All popular management concepts rely on hard evidence that proves they are valid.

False (use of marketing)

. Until the 1930s, most organizational research and practice tried to improve work efficiency by changing working conditions and job duties. Employee thoughts and feelings were ignored and usually considered irrelevant.

True

All organizations have a collective sense of purpose, whether it's producing oil or creating the fastest Internet search engine.

True

Globalization may have both positive and negative implications for people working in organizations

True

Most organizational events may be studied from all three levels of analysis: individual, team, and organization.

True

OB knowledge is beneficial not only to an individual, but also to an organization's financial health

True

One of the fastest ways to acquire knowledge is to hire individuals or purchase entire companies that have valued knowledge

True

Organizational effectiveness is considered the ultimate dependent variable in organizational behavior.

True

Reduced job security and increased work intensification are partly caused by globalization.

True

Stakeholders of an organization are shareholders, customers, suppliers, governments, and any other groups with a vested interest in the organization.

True

Systematic research investigation produces evidence-based management, which involves making decisions and taking actions based on this research evidence.

True

The open systems perspective emphasizes that organizations survive by adapting to changes in the external environment.

True

Three challenges organizations are facing include globalization, increasing workforce diversity, and emerging employment relationships.

True

With _____, the value of new information is recognized, assimilated, and used for value-added activities. A. perception ability B. realization capacity C. observation skill D. absorptive capacity E. adaptive capacity

absorptive capacity