Test 2: Cardiovascular
Arteriosclerosis
A characteristic of aging arteries
Vascular compliance
A characteristic of the venous system
When comparing cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells,
action potentials are conducted from cell to cell only in cardiac muscle.
All of the following are functions of the heart, except _____________________.
adjusting blood gas levels, depending on tissue needs
Atrial systole begins __________.
immediately after the P wave
The globulins are important plasma proteins that functions primarily in __________.
immunity
Stroke volume is increased by __________.
increased venous return
A blood pressure reading of 120/80 would
indicate a systolic pressure of 120 mm Hg.
All of the following describe ways that blood helps maintain homeostasis, except __________.
secretion of neuropeptides
End-diastolic volume minus end-systolic volume is equal to
stroke volume.
Contraction of the ventricles is referred to as ventricular __________.
systole
Resistance in the cardiovascular system
tends to increase if blood viscosity increases.
What is the order of the blood vessels that a red blood cell would pass through as the blood leaves the heart, travels to a tissue, and then returns to the heart?
Artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
Arteriosclerosis is characterized by
Both "thickening of the tunica intima" and "loss of elasticity in the tunica media" are correct.
Which of the following functions is associated with the blood?
Delivery of O2 to tissue cells
Rupture of a red blood cell is called hematopoiesis. True or false?
False
True or False? An individual that has both anti-A antibodies and anti-D antibodies is type A+.
False
True or False? The affinity of adult hemoglobin for oxygen is greater than the affinity of fetal hemoglobin for oxygen.
False
True or False? The distribution of blood volume in veins are arteries is very close to equal.
False
True or False? The number of erythrocytes in a milliliter sample of blood is the same as the number of leukocytes in a milliliter sample of blood.
False
Which of the following hormones does NOT influence blood pressure?
Growth hormone
Which of the following is NOT a long-term regulator of blood pressure?
Oxygen tension response
Korotkoff sounds
Produced by turbulent blood flow
True or False? Cardiac output is equal to stroke volume times heart rate.
True
True or False? If an average female lost 10% of her blood volume, she would have lost around 0.5 L of blood.
True
Where is blood moving during the period of ejection?
Ventricles to great vessels
When measuring blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer, which of the following best describes when blood flow in the brachial artery is turbulent?
When pressure in the brachial artery is greater than in the blood pressure cuff and greater than the diastolic pressure
If a young boy is diagnosed with hemophilia, he would have
a disorder of the clotting process.
The vasa vasorum
are special capillaries that supply nutrients to the walls of arteries and veins.
Resistance to blood flow is greatest in __________.
arterioles
When there is a drop in blood pressure, the body reacts immediately by way of the __________.
baroreceptor mechanism
Baroreceptor reflexes
can change heart rate.
Mean arterial pressure is
cardiac output times peripheral resistance.
Hormones from the adrenal medulla
cause an increase in stroke volume.
Angiotensin II
causes vasoconstriction
Epinephrine
causes vasodilation of coronary blood vessels.
Blood is classified as a type of __________ tissue.
connective
Atherosclerosis is the
deposition of plaques in arterial walls.
A person with type B blood
has anti-A antibodies .
Type AB blood
has both A and B antigens on the red cells.
Erythropoietin
is secreted by the kidney.
Mitral valve prolapse causes blood to leak back into the __________ when the ventricles contract.
left atrium
Veins
may contain valves and are lined with endothelium.
Blood pressure is the
measure of force blood exerts against blood vessel walls.
The greater the compliance the
more easily the vessel wall stretches.
Opening and closing of the heart valves is caused by _________.
pressure gradients
A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of blood functioning in __________.
protection
Functions of plasma proteins include
regulation of osmotic pressure
The auscultatory method of measuring blood pressure
relies on hearing Korotkoff sounds through a stethoscope.
If cardiac muscle cells are unable to repolarize, this would cause
the heart rate to decrease. It might cause cardiac arrest.
The period of isovolumetric contraction is immediately followed by
the period ejection
As viscosity of the blood increases,
the pressure required to force it to flow increases.
Oxygen-poor blood passes through the _________.
the right AV (tricuspid) valve and pulmonary valve
Which type of vessel has the greatest compliance?
veins
The first and second heart sounds are most directly related to
vibrations that occur when the valves close.
