Test 2
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 2500 K?
1,159
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 150 nm (that is, 150 x 10^-9 m)?
19330
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 1,200 nm (that is, 1200 x 10^-9 m)?
2,416.67
The appearance of Earth's moon is nearly identical to
Mercury
Two stars in the sky give off the same amount of total energy, but Star A appears 121 times fainter in our night sky than Star B. How many times farther away is Star A than Star B?
11
Where did Earth's oceans come from?
Rain from water vapor in the early atmosphere
The UBVR filters used in astronomy correspond to what colors of light?
ultraviolet, blue, green, and red
The surface of the moon contains geologic evidence for ___________ on the moon in the past.
volcanoes
The physical distance from one wave peak to the next is called the
wavelength
The physical distance from one wave peak to the next is called the ...
wavelength
Which of the following provides observational evidence that Mars has weather and an atmosphere?
all the above
The best time to observe the moon to see its crater is during a
crescent moon
Light pollution has been linked to which of the following? (Select all that apply)
breast cancer rates in women;Survival of specific bat species; Negative changes to bird migration; Sea turtle hatchling survival rates
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 350 nm, but astronomers on earth observer that is has been shifted by 2.25 nm. Then how fast is the star moving relative to the earth?
1,928.571
Star A is 10,000 times brighter than Star B. How many times hotter is Star A than Star B?
10
Two stars in the sky give off the same amount of total energy, but Star A appears 100 times fainter in our night sky than Star B. How many times farther away is Star A than Star B?
10
Star A is 3.2 times hotter than Star B. How many times brighter is Star A than Star B?
104.86
According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, a larger star will appear _________ than a smaller star of the same temperature.
brighter
If the Sun were suddenly moved 4 times closer to Earth, how many times brighter would it be?
16
If the Sun was moved farther away and suddenly appeared 4 times fainter in the sky, how many times further away would it be?
2
The gas in the solar nebula began at a temperature of about ....
2000k
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 1,200 nm (that is, 1200 x 10^-9 m)?
2416.67
If the Sun were suddenly moved 5 times further away. How many times fainter would it be?
25
How many asteroids (that we know of) are on a potential collision course with Earth?
25-50
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 10,250 K?
282
Star A is 200 times brighter than star B. How many times hotter is Star A than Star B?
3.76
Star A is 2.5 times hotter than Star B. How many times brighter is Star A than Star B?
39.06
If the distance to a star was suddenly cut in half, how many times brighter would the star appear?
4
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 660 nm, but astronomers on earth observer that is has been shifted by 0.001 nm. Then how fast is the star moving relative to the earth?
454
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 5300 K?
547.1
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 550 nm, then what peak wavelength is observed when the star is traveling 150,000 m/s away from the Earth.
550.275
Two stars in the sky give off the same amount of total energy, but Star A appears 36 times fainter in our night sky than Star B. How many times farther away is Star A than Star B?
6
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 425 nm?
6,818.29
What is the typical dynamic range of an astronomical image?
60,000:1
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 615 nm, then what peak wavelength is observed when the star is traveling 2,500,000 m/s toward the Earth.
609.875
What is the peak wavelength of light coming from a star with a temperature of 4,300 K?
673.95
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 725 nm, then what peak wavelength is observed when the star is traveling 800,000 m/s toward the Earth.
723.07
Two stars in the sky give off the same amount of total energy, but Star A appears 64 times fainter in our night sky than Star B. How many times farther away is Star A than Star B?
8
Regular jpeg images have only 256 "levels" available in each pixel, so they are considered ...
8-bit images
Star A is 3 times hotter than Star B. How many times brighter is Star A than Star B?
81
If the Sun were suddenly moved 3 times further away, how many times fainter would it be?
9
Two stars appear the same brightness in the sky, but Star A is three times farther away than Star B. How many times more energy is Star A giving off than Star B?
9
Why don't we see the light being emitted by our own bodies?
because our bodies are too cold for us to see the radiation
If we could capture the spectrum of an exoplanet, we may find evidence for life on that planet in the form of
biosignatures
Mercury gets incredibly hot and incredibly cold because
it does not have an atmosphere
On Mercury and the Moon, we notice that larger craters __________ smaller craters.
came before
Light is so fast that it could go all the way around the earth 7 times in
one second
The discovery of _________ prompted astronomers to reconsider whether Pluto should really be called a planet.
Eris
The largest mountain in the solar system is
Olympus Mons
Jupiter weighs roughly
twice as much as all the other planets combined
Which of the following regions of the electromagnetic spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
ultraviolet
Our atmosphere acts like a filter, which blocks
ultraviolet and infrared light
What molecules dominated the Earth's primordial atmosphere?
carbon dioxide and water vapor
The Jovian planets are composed mostly of _______ and _________.
hydrogen-helium
How can you increase the resolution of a telescope?
increase the aperture/size of the telescope
Star A is 4 times brighter than Star B. How many times hotter is Star A than Star B?
1.41
What is the temperature of a star (in Kelvin) if its peak wavelength is 550 nm (that is, 550 x 10^-9 m)?
5,269.09
When we look into the night sky, we are literally looking
into the past
How many millimeters will a 17 mm wavelength radiowave be shifted if the source is traveling away from the observer at 12,000,000 m/s?
0.68
If the peak wavelength of a star at rest is 1375 nm, then what peak wavelength is observed when the star is traveling 975,000 m/s away from the Earth.
1,379.46
If a star is traveling toward you, its observed spectrum will be ....
Blue-shifted
Which of the following factors are used to determine an ideal observatory location? (Select all that apply.)
Elevation, Seeing, Light pollution, weather
Which of the following planets in our solar system have rings? (Select all that apply)
Uranus, Neptune, Jupiter, Saturn
Which of the four observatories you explored had the worst light pollution?
Griffith Observatory
Which of the following parts of the formal definition of a planet does Pluto fail to meet?
It has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit
As the solar nebula cooled, which compounds were the first to condense from a gas to a solid?
Metals
Which cities would be covered with water if the Greenland Ice Sheet melted completely?
Miami and amsterdam
What initiated the runaway greenhouse effect on Venus?
Venus slowly got closer to the Sun.
Match each term with the appropriate definition
Scarp- a raised ridge on the surface of mercury regolith- pulverized rock that covers the moon Ray- a bright line from crators Maria- Sooth dark regions on the moon Caloris basin- a very large impact crater on mercury olympus mons- the largest mountain ever discovered Mauna Kea - largest mountain on earth measured from the sea floor
Mercury has a network of strange wrinkles across its surface called
Scarps
Sitting on the table is a red book and a blue book. Which one is hotter?
They are probably the same temperature
The discovery of light "beyond the rainbow" is attributed to which scientist?
William Herschel
Kirchoff's Laws suggest that emission lines in a spectrum are caused when ...
You are looking at a hot gas against a dark background
Kirchoff's Laws suggest that a continuous spectrum (plain rainbow) is caused when ...
You are looking at a solid material that has been heated to high temperatures
Kirchoff's Laws suggest that absorption lines in a spectrum are caused when ...
You are looking through a cooler gas toward a bright source of background light
The bright circles around impact craters are called ...
ejecta
In order for an electron to move from one orbit to another, it must ...
emit or absorb light
A gas particle will escape a planet's atmosphere if it moves faster than the ...
escaped speeed
Higher temperatures make the make microscopic atoms and molecules move __________.
faster
An explosion the size of the Tunguska Event is likely to happen every ....
few centuries
The number of waves passing a point each second is the ....
frequency
As the wavelength of a light wave gets bigger, the frequency
gets smaller
What two factors influence whether gas particles stay or leave a planet's atmosphere?
gravity and heat
What factor most helps the Earth maintain a relatively constant temperature?
greenhouse gases
Where did the oxygen in our atmosphere come from?
photosynthesis of living organisms
Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?
red
What two colors of light would you combine to make the color yellow?
red and green
What are the primary colors of light?
red;blue;green
The surface of the moon is covered with a fine powder of pulverized rock called...
reglith
Each pixel acts kind of like a ...
telescope
The planets closest to the Sun are known as the
terrestrial planets
The exact wavelength of the spectral lines of a gas cloud are determined by ...
the energy levels of the electrons within the gas cloud
Why doesn't Mars have active volcanoes today?
the planet lost its internal heat to cold space
The moon Titan is special because....
the surface is wet
Digital cameras represented a huge improvement over photographic film because...
they capture light more effeciently
Why do astronomers only take black and white images?
to maximize the resolution of their images
Why do astronomers only take black and white images?
to maximize the resolution of their images.
The _________ for discovering exoplanets looks for tiny dips in light as a planet passes in front of its star.
transit method
