Test 3

About how high can water at sea level be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump? a) 10.3 m b) less than 10.3 m c) more than 10.3 m

a) 10.3 m

Rank the volume of air in the glass, from greatest to least, when it is held A. near the surface as shown. B. 1 m beneath the surface. C. 2 m beneath the surface.

A, B, C

Rank the number of shells in these noble-gas atoms from most to least: A. Xenon. B. Krypton. C. Helium. D. Neon.

A. Xenon 54 (131.29) B. Krypton 36 (83.8) D. Neon 10 (20.180) C. Helium 2 (4.003)

Consider these three animals: A. dog B. horse C. elephant Part A Rank them, from highest to lowest, for their surface areas. Part B Rank them, from highest to lowest, for their masses. Part C Rank them, from highest to lowest, for their weights. Part D Rank them, from highest to lowest, for their volumes. Part E Rank them, from highest to lowest, for their surface area per weight.

Part A C, B, A Part B C, B, A Part C C, B, A Part D C, B, A Part E A, B, C

Consider the following atoms: A. Cadmium. B. Zinc. C. Cobalt. D. Indium. Part A Consult the periodic table and rank these atoms, from most to least, by their mass. Rank from most to least. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. Part B Consult the periodic table and rank these atoms, from most to least, by their number of electrons. Rank from most to least. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. Part C Consult the periodic table and rank these atoms, from most to least, by their number of protons. Rank from most to least. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.

Part A D, A, B, C Indium 49 (114.82), Cadmium 48 (112.411), Zinc 30 (65.39), Cobalt 27 (58.933) Part B D, A, B, C Part C D, A, B, C

Although solid matter is mostly empty space, we don't fall through the floor because a) of electrical forces. b) of gravitational forces. c) of nuclear forces. d) atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero. e) none of the above

a) of electrical forces.

Atoms heavier than helium were at one time manufactured by a) thermonuclear fusion. b) radioactivity. c) radiant energy conversion. d) photosynthesis. e) none of the above

a) thermonuclear fusion.

A floating ice cube contains small pieces of iron. The water level after melting will a) remain unchanged. b) fall. c) rise.

b) fall.

Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because a) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity. b) pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top. c) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force. d) none of the above

b) pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top.

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is a) doubled. b) unchanged. c) halved.

b) unchanged.

If the mass of an object were doubled while its volume remained the same, its density would a) be half. b) be four times as great. c) double. d) stay the same.

c) double.

A mountain that floats on the mantle indicates that the density of the mantle is a) about the same as that of the mountain. b) less than that of the mountain. c) greater than that of the mountain. d) none of the above

c) greater than that of the mountain.

A creature that is scaled up in size, keeping its proportions, a) will be weaker relative to its greater weight. b) will be stronger relative to its greater weight. c) both of these d) neither of these

a) will be weaker relative to its greater weight.

Who first explained Brownian motion and made a convincing case for the existence of atoms? a) Robert Brown b) Albert Einstein c) John Dalton d) Richard Feynman

b) Albert Einstein

Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space due to a) cohesive forces. b) Earth gravitation. c) their relatively low densities. d) their chaotic speeds.

b) Earth gravitation.

If you place a Styrofoam cup on the table and a bunch of BBs move around it randomly, what will happen to the cup, and why? a) The cup will not move, because it is much larger than the BBs. b) The cup will move randomly in different directions because the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions. c) The cup will move steadily in one direction because of the uniform force exerted by the BBs pushing it in that direction.

b) The cup will move randomly in different directions because the BBs will exert unequal forces on the cup in different directions.

Why did the particles jiggle around? a) The particles were struck equally on all sides by atoms that were moving around. b) The particles were struck by atoms, but unequally on different sides. c) There was a constant external force that propelled the particles.

b) The particles were struck by atoms, but unequally on different sides.

The concept of pressure involves both a) force and volume. b) force and area. c) area and volume.

b) force and area.

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is a) less. b) the same. c) more.

c) more.

Sara lies on a bed of sharp nails without harm because a) she exercises mind over matter. b) her weight is distributed over hundreds of nails. c) many of the nails don't make contact with her body. d) none of the above

b) her weight is distributed over hundreds of nails.

Atomic number refers to the number of a) neutrons in the nucleus. b) nucleons in the nucleus. c) protons in the nucleus.

c) protons in the nucleus.

An object in a vacuum has no a) weight. b) temperature. c) mass. d) buoyant force. e) all of the above

d) buoyant force.

What did Robert Brown see under the microscope? a) atoms mixed with specks of dust moving around b) atoms moving around c) specks of dust moving around

c) specks of dust moving around

Are most of the atoms around us younger or older than the Sun? a) Most are younger than the Sun b) Most are much younger than the Sun c) Most are the same age as the Sun d) Most are older than the Sun

d) Most are older than the Sun

A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake a) rises to the top at constant volume. b) alternately expands and contracts as it rises. c) becomes smaller as it rises. d) becomes larger as it rises. e) none of the above

d) becomes larger as it rises.

When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume with no change in temperature, the gas pressure a) quadruples. b) halves. c) remains the same. d) doubles.

d) doubles

A granite block is mostly empty space because the atoms in the granite are a) not as close together as they could be. b) held together by electrical forces. c) in perpetual motion. d) mostly empty space themselves. e) invisible.

d) mostly empty space themselves.

Which geometrical shape has the least surface area for a given volume? a) cylinder b) cube c) pyramid d) sphere e) none of the above

d) sphere

The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on a) the height of the liquid. b) the acceleration due to gravity. c) water density. d) surface area of the water. e) none of the above

d) surface area of the water.

Brownian motion is caused by a) almost invisible bugs. b) interactions between atoms and molecules. c) thermal agitation. d) perpetual motion. e) particles larger than atoms bumping into them.

e) particles larger than atoms bumping into them.