test 4 overview

Which of the following is NOT true concerning domestic violence and abuse? A ) Women are five to eight times more likely than men to be victimized by an intimate partner. B ) Domestic violence results from the abuser's desire for power over the victim. C ) Poor women are more likely to be abused than women with higher incomes. **D ) Rates of domestic violence vary widely across racial and ethnic groups, sexual orientations, and religions.

**D ) Rates of domestic violence vary widely across racial and ethnic groups, sexual orientations, and religions.

In the United States, _______ of women suffer physical violence at the hands of an intimate partner at some point in their adult lives.

33 percent

In 1900 people over age 65 made up only _______ of the U.S. population

4%

The transformation of culture over time is called:

A ) Social change

Which of the following is not true about gender inequality in the family A ) Today men and women maintain the home equally B ) Women have been relegated to an expressive role C ) Men have traditionally taken on instrumental roles in the family D ) The existing system of inequality is attributed to patriarchy

A ) Today men and women maintain the home equally

Which of the following is an example of an intentional community?

A commune

Which of the following people would be most likely to join a social movement?

A young woman who attends college and is involved in campus government and volunteers for local and state political campaigns

A(n) _______ will focus on a specific goal or action, such as a protest movement or riot.

Acting crowd

A theory that states it is to the extent to which an individual remains engaged in meaningful social activity that determines the quality of life in old age is:

Activity theory of aging

in the _______ model, organizations seek to expand their core ideas to gain a wider, more universal appeal. By expanding their ideas to include a broader range, they can mobilize more people for their cause.

Amplification

According to Kübler-Ross's theory ________ is a time when loss of life is seen as unfair and unjust

Anger

Why is the "decline" phase of social movements interesting? A ) After a movement declines it always perishes B ) After a movement declines, it is possible that the movement changes and continues C ) Social movements always decline very quickly after they begin D ) Social movements never decline

B ) After a movement declines, it is possible that the movement changes and continues

Most social institutions began as social movements.

B ) True

Malcolm's skin is becoming thinner, drier, and less elastic. This is a sign of ___________

Biological

Which of the following is NOT true concerning family and the life course? A ) Children's experiences are shaped by things such as family size, birth order, and socioeconomic status. B ) Because factors such as the economy and marital discord impact each child at different stages in his or her life, each child has different experiences and family proves not to be the consistent influence many view it to be. C ) Marital satisfaction tends to increase when there are small children in the home. D ) A couple's gendered division of labor tends to become more traditional when children are born.

C ) Marital satisfaction tends to increase when there are small children in the home

Which of the following is NOT true concerning gender and family labor? A ) Men's wages earned outside the home became a source of economic power for men over women. B ) The roles of men and women within the family were not considered unequal until after the Industrial Revolution. C ) The roles that men and women played within the family were quite similar until the Industrial Revolution. D ) Women are more likely than men to have the dual workload of paid labor outside the home and unpaid labor inside the home.

C ) The roles that men and women played within the family were quite similar until the Industrial Revolution.

The psychological dimension of the aging process examines:

Changes in perceptions and attitudes

According to __________ theory, the elderly make specific choices to maintain consistency in internal (personality structure, beliefs) and external structures (relationships), remaining active and involved throughout their elder years.

Continuity

A(n) _______ are those who come together for a scheduled event occurring regularly, like a religious service.

Conventional crowd

__________ refers to one's ability to grasp music and literature more easily as one ages

Crystalline intelligence

In Erik Erikson's developmental stages of life, with which challenge must older people struggle?

D ) Overcoming despair to achieve integrity

A family composed of a husband and wife who both have careers and have not had children by choice are referred to as

DINKS

According to Kübler-Ross's theory ________ is characterized by not wanting to believe that he or she is dying, with common thoughts such as "I feel fine" or "This is not really happening to me."

Denial

The anti-gay marriage movement is an example of ________ framing with its uncompromising insistence that marriage is only between a man and a woman.

Diagnostic

A norm that requires people to find mates within a specific group or social category is:

Endogamy

Playing with the kids and remembering relatives' birthdays are examples of:

Expressive tasks.

African American individuals are the most likely to marry while Asians are the least likely to marry

False

In the United Stated filial piety is commonly practiced

False

Jack Kevorkian coined the term in 1968, noting that ageism exists in all cultures

False

Many media portrayals of the elderly reflect positive cultural attitudes toward aging

False

Social change is often the result of human action.

False

Social movements always work to create social change.

False

The labor, gay rights, and environmental movements have all run the complete course of social movement stages.

False

The number of same-sex couples has remained relatively stabled in the past decade

False

The research on child abuse and incest conducted by Diana Russell suggests that older brothers are the most likely offenders to victimize young girls living in a household.

False

The terms life expectancy and life span are interchangeable when discussing theories of aging.

False

The family which one comes from is referred to as:

Family of Orientation

When studying social movements, a __________ might focus on the social purposes they serve

Functionalist

_______is a field of science that seeks to understand the process of aging and the challenges encountered as seniors grow older.

Gerontology

A type of family which include three or more generations and joint families, consisting of siblings and their spouses and their children refers to

Horizontal extended family

A family in which aunts, uncles and cousins all live together is refered to as

Horizontally Extended

A family in which aunts, uncles and cousins all live together is referred to as

Horizontally Extended

Conflict

How social change is constant, speedy, and unavoidable, how conflict brings about social change, how social movements are generated through systematic inequality

During the ________ stage of a social movement people join together and organize in order to publicize the issue and raise awareness

Institutionalization

Within the family men are expected to play _________ role

Instrumental

Why would a political campaign NOT qualify as a social movement? A ) It has no central leadership B ) It does not have an ideological commitment to promoting social change C ) Its participants do not want to fundamentally change their society D ) It isn't organized enough

Its participants do not want to fundamentally change their society

The average number of years a person born today may expect to live is referred to as __________

Life expectancy

The Gray Panthers was founded by:

Maggie Kuhn

When a large number of people either collectively or individually engage in similar behaviors, sociologists call it:

Mass behavior

Mildred is 75 years old. Which phase of aging is she in?

Middle-Old

According to __________ theory, before industrialization, strong social norms bound the younger generation to care for the older. Now, as societies industrialize, the nuclear family replaces the extended family. Societies become increasingly individualistic, and norms regarding the care of older people change.

Modernization

________ refers to the process of increased differentiation and specialization within a society, particularly around its industry and infrastructure

Modernization theory

Americans for Marriage Equality campaign is an example of which level of social movement?

National

The tendency to "fall in love" with and marry people who live near us or whom we meet at school, church or work is referred to as

Norm of Proquinity

A heterosexual couple with one or more children living in a single household is called a/an:

Nuclear family

When a man marries two or more women it is referred to as

Polygyny

Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) is an example of a(n) _________ movement

Reform

The Ku Klux Klan is an example of a(n) _________ movement

Resistance

For many years, there were efforts to organize teaching assistants on college campuses and form a union. Often these efforts failed because of practical reasons: there were never enough volunteers, leaders were always graduating and leaving, and there was never any money for supplies. What theory would be interested in these reasons?

Resource mobilization theory

Aging that occurs due to a lack of physical exercise and poor diet is called ______ aging

Secondary

In recent years, salsa has overtaken ketchup as America's most popular condiment. This is an example of:

Social change

Periods in which social change happens so rapidly that whole societies are dramatically redefined are called:

Social revolutions

Corporal Punishment is another way of saying:

Spanking

The second condition of value-added theory is: ________

Structural strain

What theoretical perspective might address social movement norms and tactics as well as individual motivations?

Symbolic interactionism

__________ stress that the changes associated with old age, in and of themselves, have no inherent meaning. Nothing in the nature of aging creates any particular, defined set of attitudes. Rather, attitudes toward the elderly are rooted in society.

Symbolic interactionists

In which part of the family life cycle, do sociologists point to as the most stressful time for a marriage?

The birth of the first child

The number of productive working citizens to non-productive (young, disabled, elderly) is referred to as ___

The dependency ratio

What is the uneven distribution of technology between different parts of a society or of the world called?

The digital divide

The dimension of social aging examines all the following except A ) The changing relationships between parents and children B ) How social isolation leads to a sense of powerlessness C ) How rigid adherence to routine affects ones satisfaction with life D ) The impact of short term memory loss

The impact of short term memory loss

The "graying of the United States" refers to ________.

The increasing percentage of the population over 65

What is one of the biggest challenges facing groups and organizations that try to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV)?

The victims of IPV do not report the abuse

In the _______ model, involves a complete revision of goals

Transformation

Age is not merely a number; it represents a wealth of life experiences that shape whom we become

True

Approximately 28 percent of men and women cohabitated before their first marriage.

True

Arlie Hochschild coined the term the "second shift" to refer to another full-time job of wife and mother that is performed after a full day of work

True

Baby boomers are redefining what it means to be young, middle aged, and, now, old.

True

Based on disengagement theory, retirement is a mutually beneficial agreement between the young and old of society.

True

In China, patrilocal and patrilineal customs are common, the written symbols for maternal grandmother (wáipá) are separately translated to mean "outsider" and "women"

True

In some ways, old age may be a time to enjoy sex more, not less.

True

Revolutionary social change is often the result of technological developments.

True

Social change happens only at times of great upheaval, like the French Revolution or the Civil War.

True

The controversy surrounding death with dignity laws is emblematic of the way our society tries to separate itself from death

True

_________ descent refers to the tracing of kinship through one parent only

Unilateral

_________ is a perspective within the functionalist tradition based on the idea that several conditions must be in place for collective behavior to occur.

Value-added theory

Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies identified by Hochschild that women use to achieve balance between work and home? A ) Women often jumped at the opportunity to do work that was considered "men's work" in order to help break down the gender roles in their homes. B ) Women would hire other women to clean their houses and care for their children. C ) Women would lower their expectations for cleanliness or quality of childcare. D ) Women would rely on friends or family members for help or would reduce the number of hours they worked outside the home in order to spend more time with their children.

a) Women often jumped at the opportunity to do work that was considered "men's work" in order to help break down the gender roles in their homes.

expressive crowds

are people who join together to express emotion, often at funerals, weddings ect.

conventional crowds

are those who come together for a scheduled event occuring regulary

Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Socail movements tend to work towards a common gaols *****b. Social movements often strive to deter social change c. Social movements often provide a political voice to those who may be otherwise disenfranchised d. Social movements are usually form to create social change

b. Social movements often strive to deter social change

Casual crowds

consist of people who are in the same place at the same time

Families in which both the husband and wife have full-time jobs are referred to as ________.

coprovider families

The theory of aging that contends that norms of reciprocity govern interaction and that elderly people engage in meaningful social interactions as long as they are mutually beneficial to all parties is ________ theory.

exchange

acting crowds

focus on a specific goal or action, such as a protest movement or riot

Symbolic Interactionist

focus on the meaning individuals attach to involvement in social chan, focus on the individual experience of social change,focus on the day-to-day interaction of social movements

Functionalist

focus on why social movements develop, focus on why they continue to exist, focus on what social purposes they serve

The scientific study of age and the elderly is referred to as ________.

gerontology

An __________ studying social movements might address social movement norms and tactics as well as individual motivations

interactionist

a mass

is a relatively large number of people with a common interest

In most industrial societies the only socially acceptable and legal form of marriage is ________.

monogamy

In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, _______ and the environment.

population