test1

For an UNILATERAL FROG LEG projection of the hip using the modified Cleaves method, the patient's thigh should be abducted: 45°. LESS ABDUCTION PREVENT SUPERIMPOSITION OF GREATER TROCHANTER ON THE FEMORAL NECK ( 20-30)

For an UNILATERAL FROG LEG projection of the hip using the modified Cleaves method, the patient's thigh should be abducted: 15°. 25°. 35°. 45°.

Grids do not affect field size. As grid ratio increases, the image contrast increases from the attenuation of scatter. The mAs, however, must be increased to compensate for the attenuated photons. This increase in mAs also increases patient exposure.

High-ratio grids result in an increase in all of the following EXCEPT: patient exposure. field size. required mAs. image contrast.

water molecules

MOST cell damage from ionizing radiation occurs when x-rays interact with: free radicals. DNA. water molecules. electrons.

A picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is network of computers that displays images on computer monitors for viewing, stores the images, and transfers images to other locations. Radiology information systems (RIS) and hospital information systems (HIS) process and store textual data (i.e., patient registration, scheduling, billing, etc.). Electronic health records (EHR) can be incorporated into these systems. RIS - is a software system that is used to efficiently manage the process of obtaining, storing and sharing medical images in a healthcare context.

____________ is the imaging informatics system that has a communication network of computers for image acquisition, display, and storage?

dose area product (DAP) meter

___________are measures of the total amount of radiation delivered to a person, with the area of the irradiated tissue taken into account. pinhole camera line-pair test tool Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) test pattern dose area product (DAP) meter

ADC

analog signal process must be converted to a binary language though a process called __________ Which consist of two distinct steps sampling and quantification. DAP BERT ADC ABC

LPO

during an upper GI the stomach is located at the highest position lateral AP LPO

Lateral decubitus

A Non ambulatory nauseous patient should be helped to the ___________ position to avoid aspiration of vomitus Trendelenburg fowler lateral decubitus upright

osteosarcoma

A malignant primary tumor of bone is a(n): chondrosarcoma enchondroma metastasis osteosarcoma

A patient develops erythema in the shape of the exposure field following an interventional procedure. The legal doctrine MOST relevant to this injury would be: res ipsa loquitur.(answers)

A patient develops erythema in the shape of the exposure field following an interventional procedure. The legal doctrine MOST relevant to this injury would be: respondeat superior. borrowed servant. res ipsa loquitur. beneficence

cecum

A small bowel series is complete when barium is seen in the: duodenojejunal flexure. terminal jejunum. terminal ileum. Cecum.

1

According to government regulations, the x-ray beam must be within ________ degree(s) of perpendicular. 1 2 5 10

The conversion factor for a 12:1 grid is 5. Therefore, 5 mAs x 5 = 25 mAs mAs 1/mAs2 = GCF 1/GCF 2 CONVERSION FACTOR PG 232

An acceptable image is produced using 72 kVp, 5 mAs, no grid, and 40-inch SID. If the image is repeated using a 12:1 grid, ________ mAs would be needed to maintain receptor exposure.

( KVP) Increasing the kVp causes an increase in scatter production, and image contrast decreases. Increasing bit depth increases contrast resolution. Increasing the OID results in an increase in image contrast (air gap technique). Sampling frequency affects spatial resolution

An increase in ________ will decrease image contrast. object-to-image distance (OID) bit depth sampling frequency KVp

Increasing OID increases image contrast due to the air gap, resulting in less scatter reaching the receptor. Increasing the kVp will lower image contrast due to an increase in scatter radiation reaching the receptor. SID and focal spot size have no effect on image contrast. DISAVANTAGE OF AIR GAP is loss of sharpness that result from the increase in OID NOTE: grid must be use with a kvp higher than 60 and 10 cm of thickness

An increase in image contrast will result from increasing which of the following? OID SID kVp focal spot size

30-60 ***HYPERSTHENIC BODY HABITUS MORE ROTATION IS REQUIRED ***ASTHENIC BODY HABITUS LESS ROTATION IS REQUIRED FLEX KNEES EXTENED LEFT ARM FROM BODY AND RIGHT ARM HIGH ACROSS CHEST CR PERPENDICULAR TO IR ***Sthenic L1 ***hypersthenic 2'' above L1 ***asthenic 2'' below L1 and nearer midline KVP FOR DOUBLE 110-125 KVP FOR WATER SOLUBLE 80-90

LPO position upper GI PT should be rotate _____________ from supine position with left posterior against IR 20-40 25-55 30-60

Right order 1 check expiration date Place pack on a clean surface Break seal and open pack Unfold the first corner of the pack away from you Unfold both sides Pull front portion of the wrap toward you and drop it

List all the steps to open a sterile pack in order 1.Unfold both sides 2.Pull front portion of the wrap toward you and drop it 3.Unfold the first corner of the pack away from you 4.Break seal and open pack 5. 1 check expiration date 6.Place pack on a clean surface

A lateral projection is used to differentiate the lobes of the lungs, demonstrate the interlobar fissures, and localize pulmonary lesions. The left lateral position best demonstrates left-sided pulmonary lesions, and the right lateral position best demonstrates right-sided lesions.

Name the projection of the chest is used to differentiate the lobes of the lungs, demonstrate the interlobar fissures, and localize pulmonary lesions? Oblique (LPO and RPO) LATERAL OBLIQUE (RAO and LAO)

Annulus fibrosus - outer portion Nucleus pulposus - inner portion

Name the two parts, outer and inner of the intervertebral disc?

Normal pulse is _____________ and can be taken on the ___________ 60-100 beat per min radial and carotid artery

Normal pulse is _____________ and can be taken on the ___________

PT is rotated __35-40____, CR is ___perpendicular ____ and center to _____1''______superior to the level of the greater trochanter approximately 2 inches lateral to midsagittal plane angle at ____12___ cephalad

PA AXIAL OBLIQUE POSJECTION ACETABULUM (JUDET METHOD ) PT is rotated 35-40 _, CR is perpendicular and center to ___________superior to the level of the greater trochanter approximately 2 inches lateral to midsagittal plane angle at _______ cephalad 1'' - 12 angle 2''- 15 angle 3'' - 20 angle

line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm)

Spatial resolution is measure in __________

RPO and LPO The intervertebral foramina farthest from the image receptor in this position coincides with the central ray angle and obliquity of the body. rotation of the PT is 45 with a caudal or cephalic angle of 15-20 CR at C4 AML parallel to the floor. RAO and LAO are the preferred, (less thyroid dose ) -these position will provide better visualization of the intervertebral foramina and pedicles on the side of the PT closest to the IR

The AP axial oblique projections of the C-spine that demonstrate the intervertebral foramina farthest from the IR are ________ AND __________

The most common sites for subcutaneous injections are the abdomen, back, outer upper arms, and outer thighs. Gluteal folds are not suggested injection sites.45 degrees

The MOST common subcutaneous sites for drug injections are the ___________ and what degree of angulation is used?

barrel

The ________ of the syringe holds the medication for injection. barrel plunger bevel Cap

The active layer of a direct flat panel detector converts x-rays into ________ Direct flat panel detectors have an active layer composed of amorphous selenium. This active layer absorbs x-rays and converts them to electrons.

The active layer of a direct flat panel detector converts x-rays into ________

retroperitoneum.

The kidneys are located in the__________ peritoneal cavity. anteroperitoneum. supraperitoneum. retroperitoneum.

Field of view

The overall dimension of the image matrix is called the _________ Field of view Pixel Spatial domain Voxel

DECREASE

When mA is increased, ________ exposure time maintains the same receptor exposure. increasing decreasing not changing matching kVp with

Answer red bone narrow 0.12 Skin 0.01 Bone surface 0.01 Bladder 0.05

Which of the following organs has the highest tissue weighting factor Red bone narrow bladder Skin Bone surface