Texas Government- Chapter 12
Texas Board of Water Engineers
3 member appointed by governor, 6 year terms
National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
4 liberal justices believed constitutional, 4 conservative justices countered they weren't
High school graduation rate
80.6%
John Sharp
A Partnership for Independence: Welfare Reform in Texas
Ross Perot
Appointed by White to chair Select Committee on Public Education
Tom Suehs
Health & Human Services commissioner against ACA
nationalize
Liberal: turn state-federal programs into national program
reasons for declining acceptance of Medicaid a form of medical insurance
Low payment and excessive red tape
Comptroller Susan Combs
Medicaid= Big Red
long term
One quarter of all welfare recipients remained on roll for 5+ years
59% of water used in Texas comes
aquifers
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
make families self sufficient by ending cycle of dependency on government benefits
Individual mandate
mandatory coverage increased for preexisting conditions and expanded medical insurance
Medicaid
medical services to low-income people
Non-capitated plan
no average dollar amount per patient per month set by the state to pay for the cost of health care service
Primary Care Case Management program
non-capitated program enabling Medicaid recipients to receive medical home services from primary care provider
Big Red
push state budget into red
Gilmer-Aikin Laws
school districts consolidated into administrative units, state equalization funding provided to supplement local taxes, teacher salaries raised, and minimum school year established.
Brown v. Board of Education
segregation in schools violated equal protection clause of the 14th amendment
Panhandle
semi-arid savanna
Perot Reforms "No pass, no play"-
students who fail to pass (70) would be unable to participate in extracurricular activities for next grading period of 6 weeks
Houston
subtopic and humid
aquifers
underground pools of water
San Antonio v. Rodriguez
using property taxes to fund public schools
percolating
water flowing
Texas Water Trust
water rights held for environmental flow maintenance purposes
Robin Hood plan
wealthier school districts transfer funds to poorer school districts in order to equalize funds available to all public schools
Texas regulatory authorities
power to regulate use of water drawn from an aquifer in the public interest, but may have to pay property owners with a stake in that water any damages that are incurred by regulation
TX Water Development Board
primary water planning and financing agency
Department of Public Welfare Major issues
problem of the constitutional ceiling on welfare spending. Fixed with flexible standard- couldn't exceed 1% of budget
President FDR's New Deal
programs to stimulate the national economy and provide relief to Great Depression victims caused federal government to expand its role in addressing the needs of the poor and the unemployed
Supplemental Security Income
provide assistance to individuals in need who have disabilities or are aged
House Bill 1863
provided number of "carrot and stick" incentives seeking to mold character of welfare recipients in positive ways and wave them off welfare
Children's Health Insurance Program
provides coverage for children in families with incomes too high to qualify for Medicaid
STAR Health
provides health care services to children in foster and kinship care
Senate Bill 351
re-creating county education districts to equalize wealth across districts by broadening the tax base
Groundwater law
regarding water flowing
3 issues shape education policy
desegregation, equity in funding, search for educational excellence
El Paso
desert
Edwards Aquifer Authority v. Burrell Day and Joel McDaniel
2 farmers applied to the Edwards Aquifer Authority for permission to pump 700 feet per year of water to irrigate their 350 acre ranch. Argued rights to water from aquifer based on ownership of land above it. Granted permit got pumping only 14 feet
state board of welfare
3→6 members appointed by governor for 6 year terms. Appointed executive director- chief administrative officer of the department
Commissioner of Education
4 year term and chief executive officer for TEA: responsible for setting standards for public schools, supervising the public schools of the state, handling federal funds related to public education
Average SAT score= __ in reading and __ in math
481, 504
Texas Department of Water Resources
develop TX water resources, maintain the quality of water, and assure an equitable distribution of water rights
Work Incentive Program
Conservative attempts to compel welfare recipients to participate in job-training programs
single most important confronting policy makers regarding Medicaid
Cost
Measured in terms of number of people receiving welfare assistance
Degree reforms help lower the number of welfare recipients and help take people off welfare and into workforce
Conservation strategy
Emphasis on the importance of expanding and developing and available water throughout Texas
Family Support Act
Established number of new workfare programs whose goals were required to get people off of welfare and into the workforce
___ deicide where program money is spent
Patients
Groundwater districts
develop regulations to protect water supply
capitation payment
Reimburse member health care providers with monthly payment
TAKS
Replaced TAAS and expanded number of subjects assessed from grades 3-11 (now 3-8 grade)
Edgewood III
SB 351 violated 2 constitutional provisions: failed to get the required local voter approval of school property taxes levies and violated the prohibited state property tax
Edgewood II
SB1 failed to restructure the overall funding system
first school district in the nation to comply with Brown v. Board of Education
San Antonio school district
Private property rights derived from 3 sources
Spanish law, traditional English common law, and statutory law
Permanent School Fund
Support public education through one-quarter of the occupation tax, $1 pull tax, and local taxation
STAR+PLUS
acute & long-term medical services for individuals on SSI
Medicaid goal
pay medical bills of low-income individuals on public assistance
Department of Public Welfare→ Department of Human Resources→ TX Department of Human Services→ Health and Human Services Commission
Wanted to be less of welfare agency and more of service agency to poor
A Partnership for Independence: Welfare Reform in Texas
Welfare failed to help those most in need or to encouraged independence
Traditional fee-for-service programs
a doctor or hospital provides a service directly to the patient and is paid a fee for that service
Sticks
benefit limitation to 36 months, alimony for spouses who couldn't support themselves, and 5 year ban on reapplying when benefits run out
Poverty Index
calculates the consumption requirements of families based on their size and composition
Edgewood IV
challenged SB 7 but upheld as constitutional: TX Supreme Court ruling that school system was being financed by an unconstitutional state property tax→ 3 special sessions for compromise
Federal portion of Medicaid determined every year by
comparing average state per capita income to the average national per capita income
Texas Groundwater Act
created water districts to manage groundwater supply
A Nation at Risk, by National Commission on Excellence in Education
declining test scores and raising functional illiteracy rate
State Board of Education
elected 21 member board: policymaking body for public education in the state, selecting budgets, establishing regulations for school accreditation, executing contacts for the purchase of textbooks, and investing in the permanent school fund
Senate Bill 7
equalization and recapture provisions: 280,000 cap on per student taxable property value base in districts
Social Security Act of 1935
established number of state-federal public assistance programs
Carrots
expanded education and job training programs
President Johnson "War on Poverty"
expanded number of social programs available to the poor
Texas Water Bank
facilitate the transfer/sale/lease of water and water right throughout the state
Law of capture
first person to capture the water by pumping it out of ground and using it owns the water
Select Committee on Public Education
fund pay raises for teachers & evaluate system of public education
Managed care organization model
health maintenance organizations or doctor-hospital networks act as an intermediary between the patient and the doctor and negotiate discounted fees for medical services
Medicaid Women's Health Program
helps pay for birth control, health screening, and family exams for select group of women on Medicaid
Edgewood Independent School District
high property tax rates but raised $37 per pupil while Alamo Heights raised for $413 with lower property tax rate
Senate Bill 1
implemented funding adjustments to further assist public school districts but didn't restrict the ability of wealthier districts to enrich themselves through their higher property tax basis
House Bill 72
increase state aid to poor districts→ plaintiffs amended lawsuit: new system of public school funding→ state appeals court reversed decision→ appeal to Texas Supreme Court: plaintiffs win→ require a standard of substantially equal access to similar revenues per pupil at similar levels of tax effort
Poverty
individuals don't have resources to meet their basic needs (food, shelter, health care, transportation, and clothing)
Health Benefit Exchange
individuals will get assistance in accessing affordable health insurance
Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
informant of environmental regulations regarding water
NorthSTAR
integrate publicly funded programs in Dallas region directed toward mental health and chemical dependency services for the indigent and poor
Vast majority of aquifers used in
irrigation
TX ranked __ in health care services and delivery
last
Houston and the Central Railroad Company v. East
law notion of property law for percolating underground water
Water Rights Adjudication Act
merged various water rights doctrines dating back to the 19th century into a unified water permit system
Department of Public Welfare Basic strategy
minimize cost to state while maximizing federal dollars
Texas Health and Human Services Commission
monitor Medicaid & establish basic services/delivery/quality/funding/eligibility standards
Bush reforms
more discretion to school districts to achieve educational goals
Welfare reforms evaluated along 2 dimensions
number of people receiving welfare assistance and number of people moving from welfare to work
Chief Justice Roberts
rejected idea people would be forced to buy insurance under Congress's power to regulate commerce but tax penalizing people who didn't get medical insurance met constitution: States must have choice as to whether they participate
Bush reforms "No pass, no play"=
relaxed: 6→ 3 weeks and lift ban on practicing while on scholastic probation
Affordable Care Act "Obamacare"
required individuals not covered by existing plan to pursue health insurance or pay a penalty
Religious Viewpoints Antidiscrimination Act
required school districts to adopt policies that would protect religious speech on campus
Texas Board of Water Engineers
reservoirs have been built to more effectively distribute water during times of shortage and to control flooding
Department of Public Welfare
run the state's various public assistance programs
Plessy v. Ferguson
separate but equal
Edgewood ISD v. Kirby
states reliance on local property taxes to fund public education discriminated against poor children by denying them equal opportunities in education
State Water Plan
strategies for meeting the short and long-term water needs
Texas Education Agency
supervise public education in the state
STAR (State of Texas Access Reform) program
targeted at nondisabled children, low income families, and pregnant women
