The American Nation Chapter 9 Test Study Guide
Judiciary Act
a 1789 law that created the structure of the Supreme Court and set up a system of distinct courts and circuit courts for the nation
French Revolution
a 1789 rebellion in France that ended the French monarchy for a time
Neutrality Proclamation
a 1793 statement by President Washington that the U.S. would not support or aid France OR Britain in their European conflict
Whiskey Rebellion
a 1794 protest over a tax on all liquor made and sold in the U.S.
Jay's Treaty
a 1795 agreement between Britain and the U.S. that called for Britain to pay charges for seized American ships and to give up forts it still had in the west
XYZ Affair
a 1797 French attempt to bribe the U.S. by demanding money before discussing French seizure of neutral American ships
precedent
an act or decision that sets an example for others to follow
Bank of the U.S.
bank set up in 1791 to hold government deposits and to issue paper money to pay government bills
nullify
cancel
bond
certificate that promises to repay the money loaned, plus interest, on a certain date
Kentucky and Virginia resolutions
declarations passed in 1798 and 1799 that claimed each state has the right to decide whether a federal law is constitutional
frigates
fast-sailing ships with many guns
Farewell Address
final official speech of Presidents as they exit office
cabinet
group of officials who head government departments and advise the President
Alien and Sedition Acts
in 1798, Federalist-supported laws that permitted the President to expel foreigners, made it harder for immigrants to become citizens, and allowed for citizens to be fined or jailed if they criticized the government or its officials
unconstitutional
not permitted by the Constitution
neutral
not taking sides in a conflict
faction
opposing groups within a party
speculator
someone who invests in a risky venture in the hopes of making a large profit
sedition
stirring up rebellion against a government
Federalists
supporters of Alexander Hamilton
Democratic Republicans
supporters of Thomas Jefferson
tariff
tax
foreign policy
the actions that a nation takes in relation to other nations
inauguration
the ceremony in which the President officially takes the oath of office
states' rights
the right of states to limit the power of the federal government
national debt
the total amount of money that a government owes to others