The Environment in which Projects Operate

executing, monitoring and controlling include

-change control procedures -traceability matrices -financial controls -issue and defect management procedures -resource availability control and assignment management -organizational communication requirements -procedures for prioritizing -approving issuing work authorization -standardized guidelines -work instructions -proposal evaluation criteria -performance measurement criteria -product service -result verification and validation procedures

external enterprise environmental factors - internal

-information technology software -resource availability -employee capability -geographic distribution of facilities -organizational culture, structure, governance -infrastructure

projects operate within the constraints imposed by the organization through their structure and governance framework. the interaction of multiple factors within an individual organization creates a unique system that impacts the project operating in that system. The system factors include

-management elements -governance frameworks -organizational structure types

EEFs are external organization include

-marketplace conditions -social and cultural influences -legal restrictions -commercial databases -academic research -government or industry standards -financial considerations -physical environmental elements -working conditions, weather, constraints

external enterprise environmental factors - external

-marketplace conditions -social and cultural influences and issues -legal restrictions -commercial databases -industry standards -financial considerations -physical environmental elements -academic research -government standards

EEFs external to the organization

-marketplace conditions, competitors, market share brand recognition, and trademarks -social and cultural influences and issues, the political climate, codes of conduct, ethics, and perceptions -legal restrictions, country or local laws and regulations related to security, data

OPAs (plans, processes, policies, procedures)

-not updated as a result of the project work -established by the project management office -can only be updated by following organizational policies 1. initiating and planning: -guidelines for tailoring organization's standards such as its policies -product and project life cycles, and methods and procedures -templates -preapproved supplier lists and various types of contractual agreements 2. executing, monitoring, controlling -change control -traceability matrices -financial controls procedures -resource availability control and assignment management -organizational communication requirements -procedures for prioritizing, approving, issuing work authorizations -templates -standardized guidelines, work instructions, proposal evaluation criteria, and performance measurement criteria -product, service, result verification and validation procedures 3. closing -project closure guidelines or requirements

EEFs internal to the organization

-organizationl culture, structure, and governance the vision, mission, values, beliefs, cultural norms leadership style -geographic distribution of facilities and resources factory locations, virtual teams, shared systems, cloud computing -infrastructure facilities, equipment, organizational telecommunications channels, IT

which of the following are tpes of project management office (PMO) structures? -interactive, monitoring, directive -supportive, controlling, directive -supportive, harmonizing, collaborative -interactive, integrating, developmental

-supportive, controlling, and directive

organization's management

examines the optimization trade-offs between the system in order to take the appropriate action to achieve the best outcomes for the organization.

organizational process assets (OPAs)

internal to the organization, and may arise from the organization itself -plans, processes, policies, procedures, knowledge bases specific to and used by the performing organization -these assets influence the management of the projects -artifact, practice, knowledge from any or all of the organizations involved in the project

all of the following are potential information in organizational knowledge repositories EXCEPT configuration management issue and defect management data metrics used to collect and make available measurement data on processes and products list of employees

list of employees

interaction of multiple factors within an individual organization creates a unique system that impacts the project operating in that system. which of the following are system factors? -knowledge bases, constraints, governance frameworks -project management processes, management elements, knowledge bases -management elements, governance frameworks, organizationl structure types -project processes, management elements, constraints

management elements, governance, organizational structure types

all of the following are external environmental factors except legal restrictions marketplace conditions economic conditions organization values and principles

organization vales and principles

the interaction of the various system components creates the organizational culture and capabilities that are important for the project. which role is typically responsible for establishing the system? project sponsor project team organization's management project manager

organization's management the project manager take these results into account when determining how to fulfill the project's objectives

enterprise environmental factors (EEFs)

originate from the environment outside the project and often outside the enterprise uncontrollable conditions that influence, constrain, direct the project internal/external positive/negative influence on the outcome of the project considered as inputs to project management processes, especially those around planning

the organization's processes and procedures for conducting project work during Executing, Monitoring and Controlling include all of the following EXCEPT resource availability control and assignment management project closing guidelines issue and defect management procedures change control procedure

project closing guidelines

projects operate within the constraints imposed by the organization through their structure and governance framework. the system factors include all of the following EXCEPT: -governance framework -project management processes -management elements -structure types

project management processes

governance is the framework within authority is exercised in organizations. this framework includes all of the following components except policies relationships techniques rules

techniques

OPAs (organizational knowledge repositories)

the organizational knowledge bases of a project will store and retrieve important information regarding various factors -configuration management knowledge repositories -financial data repositories -historical information and lessons learned knowledge repositories -issue and defect management data repositories -data repositories for metrics used to collect and make available measurement data on processes and products and -project files from previous projects