THE ESSENTIALS OF BUSINESS RESEARCH Chapter 2
Utilitarianism
"teleology"; Meaning greatest good for the greatest number of people. The process often includes a cost/benefit analysis.
Utilitarianism
(also known as teleology) the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
Beneficence
refers to the benefits of a study as opposed to its risks
Justice principle
refers to the fairness of processes and rewards when dealing with others
Privacy
researchers must identify themselves when conducting a study, avoid unwanted intrusion, and set interviews at mutually convenient times.
Interactive Justice
Communication used in the relationship
The Right's Principle
Compares to the Golden Rule; A decision is ethical when it is the same decision most people would make based on universal morals.
Confidentiality
Data collected in the research process is not to be sheared in any way that it can be identified with any particular individual.
Moral Philosophy
Described by Aristotle as a decision in a certain situation is one a mature person with good character would make.
Debrief
informs the study subjects of the results and conclusions on the research.
Procedural Justice
involves the "rules of the game" and if followed.
Deception
Occurs when study subjects are lead to believe something the researcher knows is not true.
Autonomy
People's freedom to make their own decisions and to choose the activities they wish to engage in and which activities to avoid.
ethics
from the Greek "ethos"
Code of standards
address client confidentiality, duty of care to the environment and community, conflicts of interest, fair pricing policies, equitable treatment of employees, quality management/assurance, non-discrimination policies, and corporate citizenship.
Moral Philosophy
also known as virtue ethics; This school of thought posits that ethical decisions are based on one's moral virtue.
Ethics in marketing
consumers rely on research for purchase decisions
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
created to approve, monitor, and review any research that involves humans.
Relativism
decisions based on the people around them or the specific context in which they find themselves. Ethics change as context changes.
Distributive Justice
equitable determination of rewards
Informed consent
the researchers fully dosclose the purposes and procedures involved in the research and obtains an affirmative acceptance from the subject before the research begins.
Ethics
the set of values and standards we use to make decisions about right and wrong
Rights principle
this principle holds that a decision is ethical when it is the same decision most people would make based on universal morals (i.e., morals held by all people such as respect for life). This leads to the concept that an ethical decision is correct if it can be applied to all similar situations
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
voluntary organization representing 163 countries, develops common standards of measurement and quality to facilitate world trade.
