The Essentials of Teaching Health CH 1, 2, & 3 test

-Mental and emotional health -Healthy eating -Physical activity -Safety -Personal health and wellness -Violence prevention -Tobacco -Alcohol and other drugs -Sexual health

9 Key Health Instructional Topics

Health Literacy

A person's capacity to learn about and understand basic health information and services, and to use these resources to promote one's health and wellness.

Competency

Access, appraise, and apply health information as competencies needed for health literacy. Having the requisite and abilities or qualities.

Social Cognitive theory

Address the multidimensional aspect of the skills-based approach and provides a strong theoretical basis for using this approach in the classroom

-Little professional preparation -Active involvement in learning -Learn to incorporate healthy behaviors -Limited by extensive information -Health information base constantly changing -Some information conflicting or inconclusive -Many health issues controversial -Preconceived notions, habits, misinformation brought by students -Lack of support from administration -Increasing diversity of schools -Environment should be free from bias and discrimination

Barriers to Successful Teaching

Knowledge, Competencies, Motivation, and Literacy

What are the 4 components of Health Literacy?

Visual Literacy, Computer Literacy, Informational Literacy and Numerical Literacy

What are the 4 requirements for Health literacy?

-Functional -interactive -Critical -Holistic

What are the four components of Continuum of Health Literacy.

Heredity, environmental, inadequate access to medical care and lifestyle

What are the four major contributors to premature morbidity and mortality

Tobacco Obesity Alcohol

What are the top 3 leading causes of death that underlie Risk Behavior

-Planned -Sequential -Comprehensive, and -relevant curriculum

4 Components of Skills-based Health Education

-Core concepts -Analyze influences -Access resources -Interpersonal communication -Decision-making skills -Goal-setting skills -Practice health-enhancing behaviors -Advocate for health

8 Standards of the National Health Education Standards

-Maximize available expertise and resources. -Conserve taxpayer dollars by reducing duplication of services. -Maximize use of public facilities in the school and community. -Enhance communication and collaboration among health promotion professionals. -Address student health risks in the context of, rather than in competition with, the academic mission of the school

CSH has the capacity to:

-Health education -School health services -A healthy school environment -School counseling, psychological and social services -Physical education -School nutritional services -Family and community involvement -School-site health promotion for staff

CSH is endorsed by the CDC and many national organizations. The components include:

elementary and middle

Competencies have been established for __________ & ______________ school teachers who assume the primary responsibility of teaching health.

-Knowledge -Self efficacy -Outcome expectations -Goals -Perceived facilitators and impediments

Components of Social Cognitive Theory

-Economic Security -Health and Mortality -Obesity and overweight -Infant mortality declined for the first time in decades -Drug Usage

Components to Family Structure and the Well-Being of Children-

-Skill Development -Functional information as the context for development -Participatory Methods

Components to Skill-based Health Education

-Strive to attain balance among the six dimensions -Possess an internal locus of control (vs. external locus of control) -Possess self-efficacy—belief in one's ability to accomplish a specific task or behavior

Educators must teach students to:

-Developed by the CDC -Contains guides and resources for conducting analysis of health education curricula -Based on the National Health Education Standards -Will help districts select appropriate and effective health education programs

Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool (HECAT)

-Relevant and motivational -Developmentally appropriate -Planned to address the "whole child" -Comprehensive -Sequential -Taught by qualified health teachers -Given adequate time -Carefully planned and organized -Meaningful education that influences decision-making skills -Planned to include: cognition, affective opportunities, and life skills

Health education must be:

-Relevant and motivational -Developmentally appropriate -Planned to address the "whole child" -Comprehensive -Sequential Taught by qualified health teachers Given adequate time Carefully planned and organized Meaningful education that influences decision-making skills Planned to include: cognition, affective opportunities, and life skills

Health education must be:

-Assume responsibility for their own health and healthcare -Respect the benefits of medical technology -Try new behaviors and modify others -Be skeptical of health fads and trends -Ask questions, seek evidence, and evaluate information -Strive for self-reliance in personal health matters -Voluntarily adopt practices consistent with a healthy lifestyle

Health education should help people develop awareness and learn to:

-Physical -mental/intellectual -emotional -social -spiritual -vocational

Health is Multi-dimensional in 6 areas (Domains of Health), what are they?

-Personal -Behavioral -and environmental variables

Health is influenced by ________ ___________ and ___________.

-Objectives establish a foundation to help individuals and communities make and act on informed health decisions. -Specific objectives focus on the health of children and youth. School communities can use these objectives as a guide to promote the health of youth.

Healthy People 2020 provides a structure to measure specified health outcomes

Holistic Health Literacy

This includes, Tolerance; understanding the culture as a wide and multidimensional phenomenon; environmental consciousness, and analyzing the state of the world from various points of view.

Motivation

Is the driving force behind individual actions, whether derived from an internal conviction or exerted from an external source such as a friend, parent, or teacher

-Self actualization -Self Esteem -Belonging and love -Safety -Biological and Phsysiological

Name Maslow's hierarchy of needs:

(1) assessment of the competencies for health educators (2) inclusion of the recognized content areas of comprehensive health education (3) key professional issues in health education in the school setting

Professional Preparation

-Biology and genetics Examples include: age, sex, and inherited conditions -Social factors Physical conditions and other factors in the environment in which people are born, live, play, and work. -Health services Access to, and the quality of available health services. -Public Policy Local, state, and federal laws and policy initiatives have influenced the health of individuals and the population as a whole. -Individual behavior Positive changes in behaviors can reduce chronic diseases

Public health officials have identified five major sources of influence

-Cognitive domain -Affective domain -Psycho-motor/skill domain

Quality health education is grounded in developmentally appropriate practice and the three domains of learning:

1. Human beings have the ability to act on and master inner drives and emotions and external forces that are presented to them. 2. Human beings are always growing and learning, specifically through learning that engages our inner thoughts (feelings and beliefs) and outer environments (peers, surroundings, and social contexts) in ways that promote positive outcomes. 3. Although human beings are always striving to grow and develop, this does not happen automatically. Growth happens when we are nurtured by our social surroundings.

Self-determination theory is driven by three assumptions.

-Tobacco use -Poor eating habits -Alcohol and other drug use -Behaviors resulting in intentional and unintentional injuries -Physical inactivity -Sexual behaviors resulting in HIV and other STDs or unintended pregnancy

Six priority health behaviors to guide educational programming:

-Accessing valid and reliable information, products, and services -Analyzing influences -Interpersonal communication -Decision Making -Goal Setting -Self-management -Advocacy

Skills as the main competencies to develop in the health education classroom.

minimal licesure requirements

States often have only __________ ____________ __________ for those teaching health at the elementary level.

Physical, mental, socially, and cognitively

Students move from kindergarten through 12 grade in

-Historical Health Ed. Anatomy perspective -Focus shift to student attitudes and behavior -Resiliency skills -Lifestyle behaviors -Personal growth and enhancement for students

The Evolution of Health Education components are:

-The standards provide a framework for developing a rigorous instructional scope and sequence and meaningful evaluation. -Nearly 74% of states have used the standards as a starting point for curriculum updates or revisions.

The National Health Education Standards were developed for improving health education for all students, how?

E-Health Literacy

The ability to find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources and use that information to address a healthy problem.

Literacy

The ability to read and write and understand the knowledge to a specific topic.

Critical Health Literacy

The empowerment to be your own health advocate despite economic or social situations, even to the point of changing the system

Step 1: Discuss the importance of the skill, its relevance, and its relationship to other learned skills. Step 2: Present steps for development of the skill Step 3: Model the skill Step 4: Practice the skill using real-life scenarios Step 5: Provide feedback and reinforcement.

There are 5 steps in combination of the National Health Education Standard and the World Health Organization (WHO) on Skill Development related to health and health education.

Title VII

Title _______ of the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex and national origin.

Skill Based Health Education

To make skill development, specifically the development of skills to proficiency, the emphasis of your health education program.

Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Two types of Motivations are:

Socioecological Model

Viewing client within a larger social framework to determine health behaviors; address-- -Intrapersonal (Individual): knowledge, skills, attitude -Interpersonal: social network Schools: environment -Community: cultural values, norms Public policy

-Spiritual -Social -Physical -Environmental -Emotional -Intellectual

Wellness encompasses 6 interrelated dimensions of health:

-Improving Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills -Improving Health Behaviors and Health Outcomes -Improving Educational Outcomes -Improving Social Outcomes

What 4 areas will help schools attain objectives in academic performance?

An integrated method of functioning that maximizes the potential of which an individual is capable. It requires that the individual maintain a continuum of balance and purposeful direction with the environment where they are functioning. (Joint Committee on Health Education Terminology, 2002)

What is Health?

The "continuum of learning which enables people, as individual members of social structures, to voluntarily make decisions, modify and change social conditions in ways that are health enhancing" (Joint Committee on Health Education Terminology, 1991) Health education is "any combination of learning experiences that promote voluntary actions and informed decisions conducive to health" and is "concerned with the health behavior of individuals and with the living and working conditions that influence their health" (NCSOPHE, 2006)

What is health education?

Health promotion is "any combination of health education, and related organizational, political, and economic intervention designed to facilitate behavioral and environmental changes conducive to health" (National Center for Health Fitness, 2006) Health promotion is broader in scope; Health education is an intricate part of health promotion

What is health promotion?

Health Education Curriculum Analysis Tool

What is the acronym for HECAT?

Attitudes and behaviors that enhance quality of life and maximize personal potential

What is wellness?

-Health behaviors are the most important determinant of health status -Health behaviors are learned at an early age. -Health behaviors are changeable. -Formal health education should begin early. -Negative health behaviors are preventable.

Why health education?

90%

_______% of states have adopted national or state health standards to guide instructional practices for student residents.

Chronic Replaced Infectious

_________ diseases have replaced ___________ diseases as the leading cause of death in U.S.

Intrinsic motivation

a desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake

extrinsic motivation

a desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment

Functional Health Literacy

basic skills in reading and writing necessary for effective functioning in a health context

Knowledge

compilation of information that forms the foundation of what an individual understands and believes

Functional information

is information that is useable, applicable, and relevant. It is the context in which the skills are taught and the base for developing functional knowledge.

Interactive Health Literacy

more advanced cognitive literacy and social skills that enable active participation in health care

Participatory methods

this is a method through which people naturally learn behaviors, including observation, modeling, and interaction. Teachers give students time to practice the skills they have learned.