The Grapes of Wrath

property

"'I don't know. Maybe there's nobody to shoot. Maybe the thing isn't men at all. Maybe like you said, the ___________'s doing it.'"

At times, Steinbeck seems to be preaching or predicting a socialist revolution. What statement particularly signifies that in this chapter?

"And some day--the armies of bitterness will all be going the same way. And they'll all walk together, and there'll be a dead terror from it." (Pg 119)

Story of the...

"Okies"

Tom Joad

"Wherever they's a fight so hungry people can eat, I'll be there. Wherever they's a cop beatin' up a guy, I'll be there. If Casy knowed, why, I'll be in the way guys yell when they're mad an'—I'll be in the way kids laugh when they're hungry n' they know supper's ready. An' when our folks eat the stuff they raise an' live in the houses they build—why, I'll be there. See? God, I'm talkin' like Casy. Comes of thinkin' about him so much. Seems like I can see him sometimes."

Rangy

(Of a person) tall or slim with long, slender limbs

Tepid. Adj.

(especially of a liquid) only slightly warm; lukewarm.

Nebulous adj

(of a concept or idea) unclear, vague or ill-defined

Restively. Adj.

(of a person) unable to keep still or silent and becoming increasingly difficult to control, especially because of impatience, dissatisfaction, or boredom.

Languid. Adj.

(of a person, manner, or gesture) displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed.

Gabbled verb

(of hens, geese, etc.) to cackle

Novel's Themes

-Bond between people and land -Effects of technology -Casting off of old ways -Human family -Government for the people and by the people -Unions -Grapes of Wrath -Quest for the dollar -Endurance

Sairy and Ivy Wilson

-Couple traveling to California -Meet the Joads on Highway 66 just before Grampa Joad's death -Lend their tent to the Joad's so Grampa will have a comfortable place to die -Joad's fix their broken down car -Travel with the Joad's to make the trip easier, but they stop when Sairy's health becomes worse

Aggie Wainwright

-Daughter of the couple who shares the Joad's boxcar -Becomes engaged to Al

Ezra Huston

-Elected head of the Central Committee at Weedpatch -Advises Tom and the others on how to deal with the situation at the Saturday night dance

Pa Joad

-Father of the Joad family -Oklahoma tenant farmer who has been evicted from his farm -Plainspoken and good-hearted -Moves family to California -Can't find work in California which increases his dependence on Ma Joad for strength and leadership -Ashamed of aforementioned postition

Reverend Jim Casy

-Former preacher and loyal friend to Tom -Moral voice of the novel -Often articulates many of the novel's most important themes -Christ-like figure -Goes to prison for Tom after a fight erupts between the California police and laborers (migrants) -Leaves prison and becomes a determined organizer of the migrant workers

Ma Joad

-Mother of the Joad family -"Healer of the family's ills and arbitrator of its arguments" -Pillar of strength for the family

Rose of Sharon

-Oldest of Ma and Pa's daughters -impractical, petulant, and romantic -Travels to California pregnant with her first child -Husband abandons her and her child is born dead -Matures throughout novel

Muley Graves

-One of the Joad's Oklahoma neighbors -Refuses to leave his land -Lets wife and children move to California while he stays behind to live outdoors -Directs Tom to Uncle John's farm upon his release from prison and arrival at his abandoned home

Mr. Thomas

-Owns a small farm -Allows Tom and two others to work digging a ditch -Good man -Hates how the migrant workers are being treated -Wants to pay more, but if he breaks the rules, he won't get the loan he needs to run his farm

Tom Joad

-Protagonist of the Novel -Spent four years in prison for killing a man -Good-natured, thoughtful, calm, wise, fiercely protective

Connie Rivers

-Rose of Sharon's husband -Abandons the Joads after they reach California -Selfish, immature, unrealistic dreamer

Ruthie Joad

-Second and younger Joad daughter -Very dependent and fiercely competitive with her brother Winfield -Forces Tom to flee after she lets it slip that he has killed two men

Find elements of personification and simile in Chapter 1. Explain them.

-The last rains lifted the corn quickly. (1rst paragraph, 3rd sentence) -The clouds appeared and went away, and in awhile they did not try anymore. (1rst paragraph, line 6) -The dust slipped back into darkness and the wind cried and whimpered over the fallen corn. (bottom of page 2)

What theme of the novel is exemplified in this quote from the last paragraph of the chapter: "Women...knew deep in themselves that no misfortune was too great to bear if their men were whole."

-The men were the head of the household. -The women relied on the men and would fight as long as they did too)

Grampa Joad

-Tom's Grandfather -Old and infirm -Torments others with his wicked tongue -Exhibits a real connection with the land -Family drugs him to get him to leave the farm, but he dies soon after

Granma Joad

-Tom's Grandmother -Devout Christian -Health deteriorates soon after her husband's death -Dies just as the family reaches California

Uncle John

-Tom's Uncle -Blames himself for his pregnant wife's death after he failed to fetch a doctor for her stomach pains -Dwells on the negligence he considers a sin

Noah Joad

-Tom's older brother -Slow and Quiet due to his forcible removal by Pa at birth -Leaves his family behind at a stream near the California border

Al Joad

-Tom's younger brother (Age 16) -Obsessed with cars and girls -Vain and cocky -Competent mechanic -Idolizes Tom but becomes his own man by the end the novel -Stays with Agnes at a cotton plantation instead of leaving with his family

Winfield Joad

-Youngest of the Joad children (Age 10) -Ma worries that he will grow up to be wild and rootless due to his lack of a proper home

List three points Steinbeck makes in this chapter:

1. Migrants on the road are fair game; they can be cheated by the businessmen with whom they have to deal. 2. A river of migrants is flooding California, and these migrants are not usually welcomed. 3. In what Steinbeck calls "a flight from terror, "the people's courage and faith are extraordinary." 4. Even in a calamity like Steinbeck describes, individual deeds, of mercy, friendship, and humanity do exist.

Many Layers in the Novel

1.) A peoples' (migrants') struggle 2.) A nation, America 3.) Mankind's quest for comprehension of his commitment to his fellow man and to the earth he inhabits (through allusions to Christ and the Israelites) 4.) A family's struggle for survival

B (20,000 people for every 800 available jobs)

10,000 people show up for every 800 jobs that are available. (A) True (B) False

ruthie joad

12 years old and caught between childishness and adolescence.

muley graves

A Joad neighbor in Oklahoma. has also been tractored off his land. He chooses to stay behind when his family leaves for California, an illustration of the effect of loss on those who have been driven from their land.

Bureaus. Noun.

A chest of drawers

Ivy and sairy wilson

A couple from Kansas, meet the Joads when their touring car breaks down

Declivity noun

A downward slope, as of ground

Granma Joad

A firm believer in religion. She dies while the family is crossing the desert.

Jim Casy

A former preacher who rejects organized religion and its rigid moral dictates in favor of simply loving his fellow human beings and working on their behalf. Travels with the Joads to California.

jim casy

A former preacher. Concerned with his controversial beliefs about what is sinful and what is holy, he has renounced his calling. Traveling to California with the Joads, he plans to listen to the people and help them. the spokesman for the author's main theories, including the multi-faceted themes of love and strength in unity.

Tule noun

A large bulrush that is abundant in marsh areas of California

The gas station owner

A man who acts rudely to the Joads because he feels that they may not buy anything; when they make a purchase he becomes friendlier.

Emulsion noun

A mixture of two or more substances

Ramparts noun

A mound of earth raised in fortification

Penitent noun

A person who repents their sins or wrongdoings and seeks forgiveness from God

The junk yard assistant

A spiritless, sullen, one-eyed man. His pessimism contrasts with the optimism and vigor of the Joads.

Sullenness

A sulky or depressed mood

Pa Joad

A tenant farmer in Oklahoma. Husband of Ma, father of Tom. Loses his identity as a farmer, and struggles to adjust to the new circumstances of life.

Meerschaum noun

A tobacco pipe with a bowl made from this substance

Chapter 15

A waitress named Mae and a cook named Al work at a coffee shop on Route 66. Mae watches the many cars pass by, hoping that truckers will stop, for they leave the biggest tips. One day, two truckers with whom Mae is friendly drop in for a piece of pie. They discuss the westward migration, and Mae reports that the farmers are rumored to be thieves. Just then, a tattered man and his two boys enter, asking if they can buy a loaf of bread for a dime. Mae brushes them off. She reminds the man that she is not running a grocery store, and that even if she did sell him a loaf of bread she would have to charge fifteen cents. From behind the counter, Al growls at Mae to give the man some bread, and she finally softens. Then she notices the two boys looking longingly at some nickel candy, and she sells their father two pieces for a penny. The truckers, witnessing this scene, leave Mae an extra-large tip.

25 cents

About how much does it cost to get a harmonica?

A

According to Chapter 19, who were the first Americans to settle in California? (A) Squatters (B) Middle-class businesspeople (C) Gold diggers (D) Cowboys

"Mayor" of Hooverville

Acts dumb and suspicious of Joads when they first get to the camp

Jim Casy

After a fight erupts between laborers and the California police, who goes to prison in place of Tom Joad?

breaking up his family

After hearing Muley Graves' story of being evicted from his land, Jim Casy criticizes him for ___.

Breaking up his family

After hearing Muley Graves' story of being evicted from his land, Jim Casy criticizes him for _____ _____ _____ _____.

Chapter 26

After nearly a month in the government camp, the Joads find their supplies running low and work scarce. Ma Joad convinces the others that they must leave the camp the next day. They make preparations and say good-bye to their friends. The truck has a flat tire, and as they are fixing it, a man in a suit and heavy jewelry pulls up in a roadster with news of employment: the Joads can go to work picking peaches only thirty-five miles away. When they arrive at the peach farm, they find cars backed up on the roads leading to it, and angry mobs of people shouting from the roadside. The family learns that they will be paid only five cents a box for picking peaches; desperate for food, they take the job. At the end of the day, even with everyone in the family working, they have earned only one dollar. They must spend their entire day's wages on their meal that night, and afterward they remain hungry. That evening, Al goes looking for girls, and Tom, curious about the trouble on the roadside, goes to investigate. Guards turn him away at the orchard gate, but Tom sneaks under the gate and starts down the road. He comes upon a tent and discovers that one of the men inside is Jim Casy. Jim tells Tom about his experience in prison and reports that he now works to organize the migrant farmers. He explains that the owner of the peach orchards cut wages to two-and-a-half cents a box, so the men went on strike. Now the owner has hired a new group of men in hopes of breaking the strike. Casy predicts that by tomorrow, even the strike-breakers will be making only two-and-a-half cents per box. Tom and Casy see flashlight beams, and two policemen approach them, recognizing Casy as the workers' leader and referring to him as a communist. As Casy protests that the men are only helping to starve children, one of them crushes his skull with a pick handle. Tom flies into a rage and wields the pick handle on Casy's murderer, killing him before receiving a blow to his own head. He manages to run away and makes it back to his family. In the morning, when they discover his wounds and hear his story, Tom offers to leave so as not to bring any trouble to them. Ma, however, insists that he stay. They leave the peach farm and head off to find work picking cotton. Tom hides in a culvert close to the plantation—his crushed nose and bruised face would bring suspicion upon him—and the family sneaks food to him.

Chapter 18

After traveling through the mountains of New Mexico and the Arizona desert, the Joads and Wilsons arrive in California. They still face a great obstacle, however, as the desert lies between them and the lush valleys they have been expecting. The men find a river and go bathing. There, they meet a father and son who are returning from California because they have been unable to make a living. The man cautions the Joads about what awaits them there: the open hostility of people who derisively call them "Okies" and the wastefulness of ranchers with "a million acres." Despite these warnings, the Joads decide to continue on, and to finish the journey that night. Noah decides to stay behind, saying he will live off fish from the river. He claims that his absence will not really hurt the family, for although his parents treat him with kindness, they really do not love him deeply. Tom tries in vain to convince him otherwise. Granma, whose health has deteriorated since Grampa's death, lies on a mattress hallucinating. A large woman enters the Joads' tent to pray for Granma's soul, but Ma sends the woman away, claiming that the old woman is too tired for such an ordeal. Soon afterward, a policeman enters the tent and rudely informs Ma that the family will have to move on. When Tom returns to camp and reports that Noah has run off, Ma laments that the family is falling apart. The Joads must pack up and are forced to leave the Wilsons behind: Sairy's health is failing, and Ivy insists that the Joads move on without them. During the night, police stop the truck for a routine agricultural inspection. Ma pleads with the officer to let them go, saying that Granma is in desperate need of medical attention. When they cross into the valley, Ma reports that Granma has been dead since before the inspection. Ma lay with the body all night in the back of the truck.

Dagger Inspection Officers

Agricultural agents who inspect migrant vehicles entering California

Chapter 13

Al skillfully guides the Joads' truck along Route 66, listening carefully to the engine for any trouble that might cause a breakdown. He asks Ma if she fears that California will not live up to their expectations, and she wisely says that she cannot account for what might be; she can only account for what is. They stop at a service station, where Al argues with an attendant who insinuates that the family has no money to pay for gas. The attendant laments that most of his customers have nothing and often stop to beg for the fuel. He explains that all the fancy new cars stop at the yellow-painted company stations in town. Although the man has attempted to paint his pumps yellow in imitation of the fancier stations, the underlying decrepitude of the place shows through. While the family drinks water and rests, their dog is hit by a car, and Rose of Sharon becomes frightened, worrying that witnessing something so gruesome will harm her baby. The attendant agrees to bury the dog, and the Joads continue on their way. They pass through Oklahoma City, a larger city than the family has ever seen. The sights and sounds of the place embarrass and frighten Ruthie and Winfield, while Rose of Sharon and Connie burst into giggles at the fashions they see worn for the first time. At the end of a day's travel, the family camps along the roadside and meets Ivy Wilson and his wife, Sairy, whose car has broken down. Grampa is sick, and the Wilsons offer him their tent for a rest, but before long the old man suffers a stroke and dies. The Joads improvise a funeral and bury their grandfather, despite the fact that it is against the law. Later, they convince the Wilsons that both groups would benefit from traveling together to California, and the Wilsons agree.

What shows Ma to be a generous person? What can you tell about her?

Although they have little for themselves, Ma does not hesitate about feeding two men she believes are strangers. Ma is noble, strong, and wise in her simple way. She has endured pain, suffering, and joy in equal measure.

Tom Joad

Among the novel's characters, _____ _____ shows the most growth in his realization of the concept of human unity and love.

Exhortation noun

An address or communication that empathetically urges someone to do something

D

An entire chapter describes what animal's attempt to cross a highway? (A) A chicken (B) A coyote (C) A snake (D) A turtle

Harrow. Noun

An implement consisting of a heavy frame set with teeth or tines which is dragged over plowed land to break up clods, remove weeds, and cover seed.

"Okies"

An insulting nickname applied to migrant workers of Oklahoma

Cleated

An object with a T shaped piece of metal or wood sticking out

Jalopy noun

An old decrepit, or unpretentious automobile

Epaulets noun

An ornamental shoulder piece on an item of clothing, typically on jacket or coat

Ma wonders why people in California would print "han' bills on yeller paper, tellin how they need folks to work" if there is no work available. (Pg. 93) What would be a true answer, other than the one Tom gives?

Answers may vary. Example: The more competition that exists for the jobs, the less the companies need to pay the workers.

Okies

Arriving in California, the Joads learn that hostile Californians use which slur to refer to the migrants?

Chapter 4

As Tom plods along the dusty road, he notices a turtle. He picks it up, wraps it in his coat, and takes it with him. Continuing on, he notices a tattered man sitting under a tree. The man recognizes him and introduces himself as Jim Casy, the preacher in Tom's church when Tom was a boy. Casy says that he baptized Tom, but Tom was too busy pulling a girl's pigtails to have taken much interest in the event. Tom gives the old preacher a drink from his flask of liquor, and Casy tells Tom how he decided to stop preaching. He admits that he had a habit of taking girls "out in the grass" after prayer meetings and tells Tom that he was conflicted for some time, not knowing how to reconcile his sexual appetite with his responsibility for these young women's souls. Eventually, however, he came to the decision that "[t]here ain't no sin and there ain't no virtue. There's just stuff people do. It's all part of the same thing." No longer convinced that human pleasures run counter to a divine plan, Casy believes that the human spirit is the Holy Spirit.

Chapter 17

As masses of cars travel together and camp along the highway, little communities spring up among the migrant farmers: "twenty families became one family." The communities create their own rules of conduct and their own means of enforcement. The lives of the farmers change drastically. They are no longer farmers but "migrant men."

Chapter 8

As the men travel to Uncle John's, Tom relates a story about his curious uncle. Years ago, John dismissed his wife's complaints of a stomach ache and refused to hire a doctor for her. When she subsequently died, John was unable to deal with the loss. Tom describes his constant acts of generosity, handing out candy to children or delivering a sack of meal to a neighbor, as if trying to make up for his one fatal instance of stinginess. Despite his efforts, John remains unable to console himself. At Uncle John's house, Tom is reunited with his family. He comes upon his father, Pa Joad, piling the family's belongings outside. Neither Pa nor Ma Joad recognizes Tom at first, and, until he explains that he has been paroled from prison, both fear that he has broken out illegally. They tell him that they are about to leave for California. Ma Joad worries that life in prison may have driven Tom insane: she knew the mother of a gangster, "Purty Boy Floyd," who went "mean-mad" in prison. Tom assures his mother that he lacks the stubborn pride of those who find prison a devastating insult. "I let stuff run off'n me," he says. Tom also reunites with fiery old Grampa and Granma Joad, and with his withdrawn and slow-moving brother Noah. At breakfast, Granma, who is devoutly religious, insists that Casy say a prayer, even though he tells them he no longer preaches. Instead of a traditional prayer, he shares his realization that mankind is holy in itself. The Joads do not begin the meal, however, until he follows the speech with an "amen." Pa Joad shows Tom the truck he has bought for the family and says that Tom's younger brother Al, who knows a bit about cars, helped him pick it out. When sixteen-year-old Al arrives at the house, his admiration and respect for Tom is clear. Tom learns that his two youngest siblings, Ruthie and Winfield, are in town with Uncle John. Rose of Sharon, another sister, has married Connie, a boy from a neighboring farm, and is expecting a child.

tom joad

As the novel opens, he is returning to his family after his parole from the McAlester State Penitentiary.

Granma Joad

At Uncle John's house, which devout member of the Joad family insists that Jim Casy say a prayer before their meal?

granma joad

At Uncle John's house, which devout member of the Joad family insists that Jim Casy say a prayer before their meal?

A

At the cotton farm, where do the Joads live? (A) In a boxcar (B) In a shack (C) In a tent (D) In a culvert

Chapter 28

At the cotton fields, the Joads are given a boxcar to live in, but they are forced to share it with another family, the Wainwrights. They soon make enough money to buy food and clothing, and Ma Joad is even able to indulge and treat Ruthie and Winfield to a box of Cracker Jack candy. When another girl, envious of Ruthie's treat, picks a fight with her, Ruthie boasts angrily that her older brother has killed two men and is now in hiding. Ma Joad hurries into the woods to warn Tom that his secret has been revealed. Sorrowfully, she urges him to leave lest he be caught. Tom shares with his mother some of Jim Casy's words of wisdom, which he has been pondering since his friend died: every man's soul is simply a small piece of a great soul. Tom says that he has decided to unify his soul with this great soul by working to organize the people, as Casy would have wanted. Ma reminds Tom that Casy died for his efforts, but Tom jokes that he will be faster to duck out of harm's way. As Ma returns to the boxcar, the owner of a small farm stops her and tells her he needs pickers for his twenty acres. Ma brings the news of the job back to the boxcar, where Al announces that he and Agnes Wainwright plan to be married. The families celebrate. The next day, the two families travel to the small plantation, where so many workers have amassed that the entire crop is picked before noon. Glumly, the family returns to the boxcar, and it begins to rain.

C

At the end of the novel, Ma explains to Pa that some people live "in jerks," while others live in "all one flow." This is her way of describing an essential difference between which two groups? (A) Rich and poor (B) Oklahomans and Californians (C) Men and women (D) Tenant farmers and landowners

D

At the end of the novel, Tom leaves his family so that he can what? (A) Avoid the shame that comes with not being able to provide for them. (B) Write a book about his experiences. (C) Find a woman to settle down with and have kids. (D) Become a leader and set an example for all the displaced migrants.

D

At the end of the novel, who is the leader of the Joad family? (A) Pa Joad (B) Tom Joad (C) Grampa Joad (D) Ma Joad

rose of sharon

At the novel's close, she represents life-giving force.

dust

At the start of the novel, what fills the air and blocks out the farmers' view of the stars?

BUGS

BIBILICAL CONNOTATION, MAN'S VIOLENCE TOWARDS BUGS SYMBOLISES/ MIRRORS THE LAND-OWNER'S TREATMENT OF FARMERS 1. "Joad reached forward and crushed its hard skull-like head with his fingers, and he let the wind stream out of the window" (grasshopper) why? grasshoppers hit MIDwestern region of US in JULY 1931-- destroyed crops and devastated farms-- swarm was so thick that the sun became blocked temporarily-- lives were ruined on a mass scale, similar to the story in the grapes of wrath BOOK OF EXODUS-- swarm of locusts descended upon EYGPTIAN crops after Pharaoh refused to free slaves -- insects populating farmland= repetitive imagery --humans killing insects is also a repeated idea -- HIGHLIGHTS how easy it is to kill insects-- human violence e.g. tom killing grasshopper @ beginning of the novel-- forebodes -VIOLENCE OF HTE SMALLER RACE - macrocosm of the idea that the landowners are in a war against the migrants-- migrants in a war against the bugs

GRAPES

BITERNESS, VENGENCE AND WRATH/ ABUNDANCE AND RENEWAL - "grapes of wrath" ; title is taken from Julia Ward Howe's song "The Battle Hymn of the Republic"- "republic" represents the migrants, "battle" their struggle against superiority of powerful organisations e.g. bank- "monster"; hymn was published during the civil war- 1862- alludes to Biblical revelation XIV - warns of God's vengeance on those who forsake him (monsters) -ANGER-- migrants from angry at the conditions in California and Steinbeck exploits Biblical allusions to express this -- "eyes of the hungry- growing wrath" -- migrants will free themselves from the repression and take revenge upon their oppressors -- triumph will prove unavoidable to God's judgement MIGRANTS IN THE NOVEL ARE SEEN AS AGENTS OF GOD'S JUDGMENT -- "fruit of the land" in California -- symbolises number XIII - Moses- in the Bible - JOADS believe that cali will provide them in abundance-- Grampa looks forward to eating a "big bunch of grapes" -EXPECTATION VS REALITY embodies Steinbeck's presentation of the American dream-- grampa never reaches California - foreboding - Tom acknowledges this -- "it ani't no land of milk and honey" -- therefore in the end it is NOT SEEN AS A PROMISE LAND which they originally expected it to be -- it does provide an abundance of produce and more jobs than where they were previously but the American dream and California is presented by Steinbeck in the novel as CORRUPTED BY A BAD ECONOMIC SYSTEM AND GREED OF POWERFUL PEOPLE CHRIS BROWNING -- although the grape symbol does represent the ECONOMIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL it also represents the MYSTICAL AND SPIRITUAL hope of man-- represents immorality as the ultimate affirmation of the "new religion"-- exemplified in Jim Casy and Tom Joad

Chapter 20

Because they do not have enough money for a proper burial, Ma and Pa Joad leave Granma's body in a coroner's office. They rejoin the family at Hooverville, a large, crowded, and dirty camp full of hungry families unable to find work. One young man, Floyd Knowles, tells Tom that when he encounters police, he must act "bull-simple": he must speak ramblingly and incoherently in order to convince the policeman that he is an unthreatening idiot. Floyd says that there are no jobs. Tom wonders why the men do not organize against the landowners, but Floyd says that anyone who discusses such possibilities will be labeled "red" and dragged off by the police. Men who attempt to organize are put on a "blacklist," which ensures that they will never find work. Casy discusses the injustice of the situation with Tom and wonders what he can do to help the suffering people. Connie tells Rose of Sharon that they should have stayed in Oklahoma, where he could have learned about tractors. She reminds him that he intends to study radios and that she "ain't gonna have this baby in no tent." Ma cooks a stew that attracts a bevy of hungry children. After feeding her family, she hands over the meager leftovers, which the children devour ravenously. A contractor arrives in a new Chevrolet coupe to recruit workers for a fruit-picking job in Tulare County. When Knowles demands a contract and a set wage for the fruit pickers, the man summons a police deputy, who arrests Knowles on a bogus charge and then begins threatening the others. A scuffle ensues. Knowles runs off, and the deputy shoots at him recklessly, piercing a woman through the hand. Tom trips the deputy, and Casy, coming from behind, knocks him unconscious. Knowing that someone will need to be held accountable, Casy volunteers, reminding Tom that he has broken parole by leaving Oklahoma. Backup officers arrive and arrest Casy. The sheriff announces that the whole camp will now be burned. Uncle John is distraught by Casy's sacrifice. Uncle John had spoken with Casy about the nature of sin, and now that the former preacher is gone, John's wife's tragic death lies heavy upon him. He tells the family that he must get drunk or he will not be able to bear his sorrow. They allow him to go buy alcohol. Rose of Sharon asks if anyone has seen Connie, and Al says that he saw him walking south along the river. Pa insists that Connie was always a good-for-nothing, but Rose of Sharon is beside herself with grief at his absence. Meanwhile, convinced that his family needs to leave the camp before further trouble erupts, Tom rounds up Uncle John, knocking the man unconscious in order to get him on the truck. The Joads depart, leaving word at the camp store for Connie in case he returns. Coming upon a nearby town, the family is turned away by a crowd of pick-handle and shotgun wielding men, who have stationed themselves by the road to keep Okies out. Tom is enraged, but Ma Joad reminds him that a "different time's comin'."

coroner's office

Because they don't have enough money for a burial, where do the Joads leave Granma's body?

When the men's faces become hard and angry and resistant, why are women relieved?

Because they're not giving up

ADJ from chapter one:

Bleak, pale, depressing

Upon seeing Tom, what is the first concern of both Ma and Pa? What is Ma's second worry?

Both are concerned that Tom might be wanted for escaping from prison. Ma also wonders if being in prison has turned Tom into a hard, bitter person.

How would you characterize Steinbeck's description of the land in this chapter?

Both men and the land are more than the sum of their parts.

WEST

CENTRAL PART OF AMERICAN CONCIOUSNESS FOR A LONG TIME-- "GOING WEST" gold rush etc. --SEARCHING FOR FORTUNE, OPPORTUNITIES AND WARMER WEATHER -- california is symbolic of wealth, opportunity-- "golden state" - Steinbeck complicates myth and shows instead that misery and desperation fills California's fertile hills -- narrator -- setting sun and western sky "only unbalanced sky showed the approach of dawn, no horizon to the west and a line to the east"-- suggests that the west represents the UNKOWN, uncharted territory --unsettling image of HORIZONLESS HORISON -- "the stars went out, few by few, forward to the west"-- devours stardoms and dreams-- grapes of wrath therefore puts a NEW DARK SPIN ON THE AMERICAN IDEAL OF MOVING WESTWARD AND SEEKING FORTUNE--REALITY INSTEAD OF THE EXPECTATION

Jim Rawley

Camp manager of Weedpatch

No

Can Tom legally leave the state of Oklahoma?

What does Casy specifically say is holy?

Casy feels the connection between the hills and himself. He also sees the glory of people all working toward a common goal: "But when they're all working together, not one feels, but one feels kind of harnessed to the whole shebang-- that's right, that's holy." (Man with nature)

Willie Eaton

Chair of the entertainment committee at Weedpatch. He directs the actions against the rioters.

Ezra Huston

Chairman of the Central Committee at Weedpatch

Ezra Huston

Chairman of the central committee in the government camp at Weedpatch.

Jessie Bulitt

Chairwoman of the ladies committee at Weedpatch. She takes Ma on a tour of Weedpatch

jim casy

Concerned with his controversial beliefs about what is sinful and what is holy, he has renounced his calling.

SUN

DANGEROUS POWER DESTROYING AND BURNING -unescapable omniscient force in the JOAD'S life -- "their faces were shining with the sunburn they could not escape| -- foreshadowing doom, unescapable destination -- "burn"-- violence of sunlight-- DANGEROUS POWER-- devastating drought-- dust bowl !

Willy Feeley

Deputy sheriff in Oklahoma who chased Muley Graves for trespassing

Joe

Deputy sheriff who closed first migrant camp Joads in

juxtaposition

Details are consistently and repeatedly inter-related between narrative and intercalary chapters. Most often an intercalary chapter will present a generalized situation that will either become more fully realized or brought to a conclusion by the events in the succeeding narrative chapter

a shovel

During his first chat with Jim Casy, Tom divulges that he was in prison for killing a man with ___.

a shovel

During his first chat with Jim Casy, Tom divulges that he was in prison for killing a man with _____ _____.

C

During what decade did the Dust Bowl tragedy take place? (A) The 1910s (B) The 1920s (C) The 1930s (D) The 1940s

At the end of this chapter, Casy cannot sleep; he says he has too much to think about. From comments he has made earlier, what do you suppose he is thinking about?

Easy seems to feel that he has a responsibility for other people, particularly the people out on the road. While he may not preach religion, he will comfort people who need it.

rose of sharon

Eldest Joad daughter. pregnant and married to 19-year-old Connie Rivers. Self-absorbed by her pregnancy, she has many plans and dreams for their life in California. At the novel's close, she represents life-giving force.

Al, the cook

Encourages the waitress to sell food to a migrant family for a low price.

Why does Steinbeck continue to refer to the distance between towns?

Example: Because each mile is hard work, and the trip is more than two thousand mies, Steinbeck emphasizes the difficulties and the distance through the repetition of the short mileage intervals between towns.

Ostracism noun

Exclusion by general consent, from social acceptance

Mr. Thomas

Farmer who hires Tom temporarily to work on a pipeline after Tom arrives at the Weedpatch camp. He warns Tom that police plan to execute a scheme designed to close Weedpatch

Timothy and Wilkie Wallace

Father/son who help Tom get a job with Mr. Thomas

Rachitic

Feeble, in a weak or precarious condition.

Contrite

Feeling or expressing remorse or penitence; affected by guilt.

Truculent adj

Fierce; cruel; harsh

Attempting to organize

Floyd Knowles warns Tom that the workers will be blacklisted by the landowners for _____ _____ _____.

manslaughter

For what charge was Tom Joad in jail for?

Ella Summers

Former chairwoman of the ladies committee at Weedpatch

Unnamed truck driver

Gives Tom a ride from restaurant even though "NoRiders" sign in truck. Talked poetry. To keep mind occupied while driving tries to remember something about everyone he meets.

B (more friendly)

Government-run camps are less friendly to the Joads. (A) True (B) False

Land

Grampa doesn't want to leave his _____.

What does Grampa die of? After he dies, what does the discussion about his burial reveal about the Joads?

Grampa has a stroke. The Joads are proud people, who have never taken charity. Basically, they believe in following the laws. When laws come in conflict with what people have a right to do however the laws come second. (Pg 191)

What is Grampa's condition? What is the general condition of the Joads and the truck?

Grampa is drugged and confused, still claiming that he "aint a going'..." (pg 169) The people are feeling the effects of hunger and heat, the negative comments of the heavyset man, and the journey still ahead of them. The truck is overheated and blowing steam out of the radiator, and Al claims that it will not be able to climb the hills, let alone the mountains.

Granpa Joad

Grandfather and original settler of the farm that the family has lost. Feisty, foul-mouthed, mischievous. He is so attached to the land that family had to trick him to leave. He dies the first night in the road and is buried along the roadside. Cause of death is a stroke brought on by homesickness

Farmers' Association

Group of landowners who do not like the government camps and want to keep the wages low to maximize profits

THE ROAD (Route 66)

HOME, OPPORTUNITY, COMFORT, HARDSHIP, THE KNOWN AND THE UNKNOWN Route 66= "mother road, the road of flight" - LIFELINE OF OPPORTUNITY -- allows families to pursue HOPES and DREAMS but also depressingly leads to MISERY in California -- joads significant that Route 66 only has 2 directions: 1. forward in SEARCH OF OPPORTUNITY and POSSIBLE HARDSHIP -- unknown 2. backwards in return to POVERTY and FAMILIARITY that people fled from -- KNOWN - danger of roads: turtle/ dog run over, drivers continually create road-kill -breakdowns- telephones are shown to be sparse/ non-existent in the 1920s and mechanics are proven as unhelpful-- only concerned with their individual economic gain

Jule Vitela

Half Cherokee, mixed blood Indian whom Tom meets at Weedpatch. Picks out the rioters

Degenerate

Having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities considered normal and desirable; showing evidence of decline.

Why is it necessary to drug Grampa?

He absolutely refuses to go, and Tom, recognizing that physically forcing Grandpa would probably hurt him, comes up with the idea to get the old man drunk.

Why does Muley Graves not go with his family to California?

He cannot bring himself to leave the land of his father and grandfather; he will not leave, he says, because other men have tried to force him off the land.

Why does Uncle John have guilt that is driving him half-crazy?

He did not get a doctor for his wife, who was in labor; as a result, she died.

Why does Tom Joad appear to be surly?

He feels the truck driver is nosy.

Where has Tom Joad been for four years, and for what reason has he been there?

He has been in the McAlester State prison for having killed someone with a shovel.

In this chapter, although the tenant farmer selling his possessions is apparently addressing the junk dealer, who is Steinbeck addressing in the following comment, and what is his point: "But I warn you, you're buying what will plow your own children under.... We could have saved you, but you cut us down, and soon you will be cut down, and there'll be none of us to save you"? (Pg. 87)

He is addressing American and warning it that the country will suffer in the long run by failing to take care of the unfortunate farmers.

How is the tractor driver described?

He is described as being part of the machine; he is as much detached from the land as the bank is. The tractor breaks the bond between man and the land.

Describe Al.

He is sixteen and mostly interested in chasing girls and fooling with cars. He is proud of his brother and looks up to him, but he is a little disappointed than Tom did not break out of jail.

What is Casy's conclusion about love, the soul, and the Holy Spirit?

He loves pople, not Jesus or God. He has come to believe that in the world there are not individual souls; instead there is one big soul that everyone is a part of.

Tom says his father is a "cropper" with "forty acres"; the surprised driver says, "A forty acre cropper and he ain't been dusted out and he ain't been tractored out?" (Pg. 8)What does the driver mean?

He seemed surprised that Tom Joad's father has not been driven off the land because of the dust storms or showed off the land by the tractor and the banks. A sharecropper rarely had land, let alone forty acres.

Why do you suppose the truck driver agrees to give the hitchhiker a ride?

He wants to be a good person and wants to show he is not afraid of the owners of the company.

As they near Tom's home, what surprise awaits them?

His family home looks abandoned.

If Jim Casy is a Christ-figure, what, besides his preaching, points to it?

His initials are J.C.

B

How did Jim Casy take advantage of his position of authority? (A) Financial embezzlement (B) Sexual relationships (C) Alcohol bootlegging (D) Labor manipulation

D

How did the Joads acquire their house? (A) They built it. (B) They bought it from a land agent. (C) They bought it from a friend. (D) They stole it.

A

How does Grampa die? (A) He has a stroke. (B) He has a heart attack. (C) He dies of old age. (D) Noah kills him.

stroke

How does Granpa Joad die?

D

How does Jim Casy die? (A) He dies of heat exhaustion in the fields. (B) He kills himself out of sheer despair. (C) He dies of starvation. (D) He dies in a fight during a workers' strike.

D

How does Joad's mother react when she sees him for the first time? (A) Overwhelmingly joy (B) Fury that he was in jail in the first place (C) Deep sadness and remorse (D) Some joy, then control of her emotions

A

How does the Joad family envision California? (A) Filled with abundant produce that can be sold (B) Dry and in a drought (C) Dangerous and filled with possible enemies (D) Filled with opportunities for easy fame

They drug his coffee

How does the Joad family get Grampa Joad in the truck after he protests their decision to leave?

A car hits it

How does the Joads' dog die?

They emerge as leaders.

How does the role of women change between the beginning and the end of the novel?

8 miles

How long of a walk is it from Tom's parents' house to Uncle John's house?

13

How many people need to fit in the Joad's truck at the beginning of their journey to California?

four

How many years did Tom Joad serve in prison before being released?

D

How many years was Tom in prison? (A) 11 (B) 14 (C) 2 (D) 4

18 dollars

How much does Pa Joad get in exchange for the possessions he sells before the family leaves for California?

18 dollars

How much money did Pa Joad get from the junk dealer for his tools and horses?

Ivy and Sairy Wilson

Husband and wife from Kansas who meet the Joads after their car breaks down. They help the Joads when Granpa dies. The Joads in turn helpmfix their car. The two families travel together until the California border when Sairy Wilson becomes too ill to continue.

Decorous adj

In keeping good taste and proprietary; polite and retrained

A

In the novel, what inanimate object is frequently referred to as a "monster?" (A) Bank (B) Church (C) Hospital (D) Farm

turtle

In the short vignette in chapter 3, what animal does a man attempt to run over with his truck?

Chapter 3

In the summer heat, a turtle plods across the baking highway. A woman careens her car aside to avoid hitting the turtle, but a young man veers his truck straight at the turtle, trying to run it over. He nicks the edge of the turtle's shell, flipping it off the highway and onto its back. Legs jerking in the air, the turtle struggles to flip itself back over. Eventually it succeeds and continues trudging on its way.

The cook, Al

In the vignette featuring Mae the waitress, who tells Mae to give the starving man and his children some bread?

A

In what year did The Grapes of Wrath win a Pulitzer Prize? (A) 1940 (B) 1936 (C) 1939 (D) 1962

Oklahoma City

In which city are Rose of Sharon and Connie are awed by what people are wearing?

Why did Jim Casy give up being a preacher?

Initially, he felt like a hypocrite because, after preaching about sin and virtue he committed sex acts with the women he was preaching to. He came to the conclusion that maybe there is no sin and virtue, just things people do.

Chapter 2

Intothis desolate country enters Tom Joad, newly released from the McAlester State Penitentiary, where he served four years on a manslaughter conviction. Dressed in a cheap new suit, Tom hitches a ride with a trucker he meets at a roadside restaurant. The trucker's vehicle carries a "No Riders" sign, but Tom asks the trucker to be a "good guy" even if "some rich bastard makes him carry a sticker." As they travel down the road, the driver asks Tom about himself, and Tom explains that he is returning to his father's farm. The driver is surprised that the Joads have not been driven off their property by a "cat," a large tractor sent by landowners and bankers to force poor farmers off the land. The driver reports that much has changed during Tom's absence: great numbers of families have been "tractored out" of their small farms. The driver fears that Tom has taken offense at his questions and assures him that he's not a man to stick his nose in other folks' business. The loneliness of life on the road, he confides in Tom, can wear a man down. Tom senses the man looking him over, noticing his clothes, and admits that he has just been released from prison. The driver assures Tom that such news does not bother him. Tom laughs, telling the driver that he now has a story to tell "in every joint from here to Texola." The truck comes to a stop at the road leading to the Joads' farm, and Tom gets out.

intercalary chapter

Is chapter 1 an intercalary chapter or a narrative chapter?

What literary term is used in the phrase "...a packet of bitterness to grow in your house and to flower, some day"? (Pg. 87)

It is a metaphor for the destruction the junkmen air causing the displaced farmers which will eventually hurt the buyers themselves.

Chapter 24

It is the night of the camp dance—the night that the Farmers' Association plans to start a riot and have the camp shut down. Ezra Huston, the chairman of the camp committee, hires twenty men to look out for instigators and preempt the riot. Although Rose of Sharon goes to the event, she decides not to dance for fear of the effect it might have on her baby. As the music begins, Tom and the other men quickly spot three dubious-looking men. They watch the men carefully. When one of the suspected troublemakers picks a fight by stepping in to dance with another man's date, the men apprehend the trio and evict them from the camp. Before they leave, Huston asks the three why they would turn against their own brethren, and the men confess that they have been well paid to start a riot. Later that night, a man tells a story about a group of mountain people who were hired as cheap labor by a rubber company in Akron. When the mountain people joined a union, the townspeople united to run them out of town. In response, five thousand mountain men marched through the center of town with their rifles, allegedly to shoot turkeys on the far side of the settlement. The march served as a powerful demonstration. The storyteller concludes that there has been no trouble between the townspeople and the workers since then.

B

Jim Casy told the family he ___________________. A: Is still a preacher. B: Decided to live in the wilderness to try to understand God and the world. C: He has decided to sell cars. D: He is going to move to Georgia.

Women

Jim Casy was conflicted in his role as a preacher because of his weakness for which vice?

women

Jim Casy was conflicted in his role as a preacher because of his weakness for which vice?

Author

John Steinbeck

BLOOD

LIFE AND DEATH throughout the novel "battle of the republic" hymn - grapes of wrath's tittle-- referring to the INJUSTICE and split blood

FARMING

LIFE, CULTIVATION, GROWTH- MIRACULOUSNESS OF FARMING human ran miracle- machine running out of transitions in tech and science novel conveys the transition and farming is shown as an outdated system-- influenced HUGELY by scientific advancements entrapment of OLD VS NEW and HUMAN VS MACHINE

What contrast does Steinbeck draw between land that is lived on and farmed and land that is farmed on a tractor by an absentee tractor driver?

Land farmed by a horse and a man has a sweating, breathing life. Tractor has no life- cold.

Chapter 22

Later that night, the Joads come across the Weedpatch camp, a decent, government-sponsored facility where migrants govern themselves, thus avoiding the abuse of corrupt police officers. Appointed committees ensure that the grounds remain clean and equipped with working toilets and showers. Early in the morning after their arrival, Tom wakes and meets Timothy and Wilkie Wallace, who invite him to breakfast. They agree to take him to the ranch they have been working on to see if they can get him a job. At the ranch, the boss, Mr. Thomas, tells the men about the Farmers' Association, which demands that he pay his laborers twenty-five cents an hour and no more. Even though he knows his men deserve a higher wage, Thomas claims that to pay more would "only cause unrest." He goes on to say that the government camp makes the association extremely uncomfortable: the members believe the place to be riddled with communists, or "red agitators." In hopes of shutting the facilities down, Mr. Thomas says, the association is planning to send instigators into the camp on Saturday night to start a riot. The police will then have the right to enter the camp, arrest the labor organizers, and evict the migrants. Back at the camp, the rest of the Joad men go to find work, and Ma is visited by Jim Rawley, the camp manager, whose kindness makes her feel human again. A religious fanatic named Mrs. Sandry appears and tells Rose of Sharon to beware of the dancing and sinning that goes on in the camp: the babies of sinners, she warns, are born "dead and bloody." The camp's Ladies Committee then drops in on Ma and Rose of Sharon, introducing the women to the rules of the camp. Pa, Al, and Uncle John return from a day of fruitless searching for work, but Ma remains hopeful, for Tom has been hired.

Man and boy at Colorado River

Leaving California because they are unable to find work

Chapter 12

Long lines of cars creep down Highway 66, full of tenant farmers making their way to California. The narrator again assumes the voices of typical farmers, expressing their worries about their vehicles and the dangers of the journey. When the farmers stop to buy parts for their cars, salesmen try to cheat them. The farmers struggle to make it from service station to service station, fleeing from the desolation they have left behind. They are met with hostility and suspicion. People inquire about their journey, claiming that the country is not large enough to support everybody's needs and suggesting that they go back to where they came from. Still, one finds rare instances of hope and beauty, such as the stranded family that possesses only a trailer—no motor to pull it—and waits by the side of the road for lifts. They make it to California "in two jumps," proving that "strange things happen . . . some bitterly cruel and some so beautiful that faith is refired forever."

purty boy floyd

Ma Joad worries that Tom might share the prison-induced madness of ___.

Purty Boy Floyd

Ma Joad worries that Tom might share the prison-induced madness of _____ _____ _____.

A

Ma develops into the new leader of the Joad family. (A) True (B) False

Questing

Making a long or arduous search for something.

Herb Turnbull

Man Tom killed with a shovel after he stabbed Tom with a knife.

Black Hat

Man at Weedpatch who talks to Pa about low wages and feeling that changes are coming. Wants migrant workers to organize like workers did in Akron, Ohio

Contractor from Tulare County, California

Man who attempts to recruit men for field work but intends to pay very low wages. He accuses Floyd Knowles of being a community organizer.

Used car salesman

Man who skillfully manipulates the migrants into buying run-down old cars. Shows no concern for the people or his tactics; taking advantage of the situation. Only concern is making money

Connie Rivers

Married to Rose of Sharon. Abandons family at migrant camp in California to return to Oklahoma to be a truck driver as migrant life too hard. Name important = "con man". Went "up the river" when abandoning family.

Annie Littlefield

Member if the Ladies Committee at Weedpatch. She discusses charity of Salvation Army

Jehovite woman

Member of a religious group who insisted on saying prayers over Granma when she was sick.

Al Joad

Middle son of Ma and Pa Joad; approximately 16 years old. Interested in chasing girls and working on cars. Looks up to his brother Tom.

Floyd Knowles

Migrant worker working on his car in the migrant camp. He informs Tom about the unfair labor practices in California. Tells Tom to acts "bull-simple". Agitates for better pay.

What is Jim Casy referring to when he says, "Muley 's got a-holt of somepin, an' it's too big for him, an' it's too big for me"?

Miley realizes that a man actually does have a choice, despite saying the opposite; he can eat elsewhere by himself, or he can share his food with his fellow sufferers. However a moral man, which Muley considers himself to be, must share.

Mrs. Joyce

Mother of five daughters who confesses to Weedpatch Ladies Committee that her daughters are responsible for the missing toilet paper

Petulant adj

Moved to or showing sudden, impatient irritation, especially over some trifling annoyance

a car

Muley Graves tells Tom that his family has gone to work picking cotton, hoping to save enough money to buy ___.

a car

Muley Graves tells Tom that his family has gone to work picking cotton, hoping to save enough money to buy _____ _____.

Muley Graves

Neighbor of the Joads who has also been evicted from him farm. He remains in Oklahoma while the rest of his family went to California. He becomes mentally unstable, living day to day, wandering about the region. He tells Tom the whereabouts of his family. Shares his food with Tom and Casy.

Colorado River

Noah decides to leave his family to live by the _____ _____.

What point is Casy making when he says, "An Grampa didn' die tonight. He died the minute you took 'im off the place"? (Pg. 191)

Not only is the land Grampa's life; it also gives him life. Leaving the land kills him.

Insubstantial adj

Not substantial in amount or size; inconsiderable

Setting of the Novel

Oklahoma to California

Rose of Sharon

Oldest daughter of Ma and Pa Joad; sister of Tom. Married to Connie Rivers and pregnant. Immature at begging of novel, but has a rude awakening when Connie abandons her. Show considerable maturity by end of novel.

Noah Joad

Oldest son of Ma and Pa Joad. Quiet, uncommunicative character. Pa attributes his strangeness to his childbirth when Pa panicked and tried to pull him out by his head. Leaves the family at the Colorado river when they reach the California border.

Jim Casy

On the road that leads to his family's farm, who does Tom encounter sitting under a tree?

Jim Casy

On the road that leads to his family's farm, who does Tom encounter sitting under a tree? =

Dispossessed noun

Oust (a person) from a feeling or a position

THE TURTLE, THE JOAD DOG AND OTHER ANIMALS

PERSERVERANCE, TRANSFORMATION THROUGH STRUGGLE, AGGRESSION OF PEOPLE WHEN FACED WITH HARDSHIPS turtle; stubborn and determined-- mirrors the Joad family and other migrant workers persevering through struggles (kicked off farms, cheated by used-car salesmen/ merchants and set back by sickness and loss) TURTLE ACCEPTS CHALLENGES, NEVER FORGETS WHERE HE IS GOING cat; Tom recognises the cat hanging around the abandoned farm - similar to migrant workers being turned out of their home -must live in the wild, survive on mice and other creatures THEREFORE THE CAT REPRESENTS THE CHANGE WHICH MIGRANTS HAD TO ENDURE-- DOMESTIC PET-- WILD ANIMAL Joad dog; run over by a speeding, westbound car-- body o mangled that his guts lay on the road-- death foreshadows the gruesome circumstances and the tough, unrelenting life which awaits the joads in California times are hard and there desperation and anger of the people leads to no hesitation in running over a god-- metaphor for ruining a families life CARS-- related to animals in descriptions ; "limping along 66 like wounded things, panting and struggling"

Uncle John

Pa Joad's older brother. Travels with family to California. His wife died after he refused to get medical attention. He now lives a life of guilt and worries constantly about sin. Goes on drinking sprees.

pa joad

Patriarch of the Joad clan

pa joad

Patriarch of the Joad clan. a sharecropper whose land has just been foreclosed on by the bank. Somewhat lost and weakened, he leads his family to California in search of work.

Why does Tom feel the fat man and others like him will never "know nothing"? What is it about the man that most seems to irritate Tom?

People like him do not really want to know; they just want to complain, In short, they substitute complaining for action.

Chapter 14

People who live in the West do not understand what has happened in Oklahoma and the Midwest. What began as a thin trickle of migrant farmers has become a flood. Families camp next to the road, and every ditch has become a settlement. Amid the deluge of poor farmers, the citizens of the western states are frightened and on edge. They fear that the dislocated farmers will come together; that the weak, when united, will become strong—strong enough, perhaps, to stage a revolt.

Resinous adj

Pertaining to or having similar qualities to resin; sticky or flammable

Fallow adj

Plowed land that was left unseeded for a season or more; uncultivated

California Law Officers

Policeman who side with the Californians who object to the presence of so many migrant workers in their communities. They attempt to break up the camps and run the migrants out of their districts. One deputy kills Jim Casy, and Tom kills a deputy, a dead that forces him to live in hiding.

Chapter 29

Rain lashes the land, and no work can be done during the deluge. Rivers overflow, and cars wash away in the coursing mud. The men are forced to beg and to steal food. The women watch the men in apprehension, worried that they might finally see them break. Instead, however, they see the men's fear turning to anger. The women know that their men will remain strong as long as they can maintain their rage.

Agrarian

Relating to cultivation and cultivated land.

Slavishness

Relating to or characteristic of a slave, typically behaving in a servile or submissive way

Will and Minnie Wilson

Relatives of the Wilson's who planned to travel with Ivy and Sairy Wilson but stayed behind after he crashed their car.

Lisbeth Sandry

Religious fanatic who bemoans the sin committed at Weedpatch, including dancing. She scares Rose of Sharon with her crazy talk.

The Turtle

Represents the Joad family as they travel west

Mae, the waitress

Resists selling food to a migrant family for a low price until cook tells her to. She then sells 5 cent candy to children as 2 pieces for 1 cent. Likes truck drivers over rich people and the migrants as the truck drivers pay and tip

A

Rose of Sharon increases in maturity throughout the novel. (A) True (B) False

Back of the West

Runs the Farmers' Association

BANK MONSTERS

SYMBOLIC ENTITY REPRESENTING THE SYSTEM OF THE BANK AND OTHER BIG BUSINESSES - hunger for profit -- means of survival-- people who work for "the monster" are SLAVES- dediacated to providing profits -- hunger for money-- inhumanity and dehumanisation of others in process MONSTER SURROUNDS AMERICA AND EMBODIES THE NOVEL

Why is Mrs. Wilson afraid of being a burden? What literary term is used in the last two lines of the chapter?

Sairy appears to be very sick, and the last two lines of this chapter appear to foreshadow something bad happening.

Author's Birthplace

Salinas, California

Agnes Wainwright

She is engaged to Al Joad at the end of the novel.

What do Ma's anxieties about California reveal about her?

She is not stupid or naive; since going West seems to be the only thing to do, she adopts Tom's philosophy by taking one day at a time.

What happens to Rose of Sharon when the dog is killed?

She is startled and may have hurt the body.

Grampa has been dead only several hours, but Ma says, "It's like he's dead a year." (Pg. 203) What do you suppose she is feeling?

She is tired, perhaps almost numb. It has been a long day for her with little sleep; she has also had the trauma of being uprooted, yet she must keep pushing on.

What is Ma's response when Casy asks if he can go with the family to California?

She says that the devision will have to be made by the men. In this culture, for better or worse, the men obviously are the decision makers.

When Al expresses some doubts about what they will find in California, what does Ma say?

She says they cannot afford to think negatively because there is too much depending on them. She also expresses the idea that whatever is ahead of them is so random, unknowable, and filled with possibilities that, "they's a thousan' lives we might live, but when it comes, it'll be only one." (Pg 168)

Ma says that if all the people who are shoved off the land get mad together, they can take action. When asked by Tom if others are mad, what is Ma's response?

She says, "I don't know. They're jus' Kinda stunned. Walk around' like they was half asleep." (Pg 104)

Although not a decision maker, since she is not a man, how does Ma influence the decision regarding Casy?

She shames Pa into letting Casy come along.

Frigidity adj

Showing no friendliness or enthusiasm; stiff or formal in behavior

humanism

Siary Wilson's offering of shelter to the Joads and Ma's feeding of the hungry children in the Hooverville reflect a strand of philosophy that is closely tied to Walt Whitman's concept of love for all individuals. Which of the following is the name of that philosophy?

Chapter 27

Signs appear everywhere advertising work in the cotton fields. Wages are decent, but workers without cotton-picking sacks are forced to buy them on credit. There are so many workers that some are unable to do enough work even to pay for their sacks. Some of the owners are crooked and rig the scales used to weigh the cotton. To counter this practice, the migrants often load stones in their sacks.

al joad

Sixteen-year-old Joad son. willingly admits that only cars and girls interest him. He is responsible for the maintenance of the family's truck during the journey to California.

Chapter 25

Spring is beautiful in California, but, like the migrants, many small local farmers stand to be ruined by large landowners, who monopolize the industry. Unable to compete with these magnates, small farmers watch their crops wither and their debts rise. The wine in the vineyards' vats goes bad, and anger and resentment spread throughout the land. The narrator comments, "In the souls of the people, the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage."

Quiz question: What do the Wilson's do at this point?

Stay behind for Sairy

Migrant men

Steinbeck describes the changed lives of the farmers on the road, saying they are no longer farmers but _____ _____.

rage

Steinbeck makes a clear connection in this novel between dignity and _____.

A

Steinbeck makes many bible references. (A) True (B) False

turtle

Steinbeck spends an entire chapter describing what animal's attempt to cross a highway?

Why do you suppose Grampa begins to feel the way he does?

Steinbeck suggest its partly fear of the unknown and partly a reluctance to leave the land with which he is familiar.

What is the purpose of this chapter?

Steinbeck wants to show how used-car lot salesmen take advantage and cheat poor people through a combination of greed and sales techniques, which play on the migrant's desperate and ignorance.

Queer adj

Strange or odd

Raggedy Man

Tells the Joads how bad life is in California. Dressed in black.

willie eaton

Texan in charge of the entertainment committee at the government camp

Willie Eaton

Texan in charge of the entertainment committee at the government camp. He and his committee members thwart a staged riot attempt by the Farmers Association.

tractor

The "cat" that has driven farmers from their land at the start of the novel is a type of ___.

Rosasharn

The Grapes of Wrath ends with which character's lips smiling mysteriously?

rich and poor

The Grapes of Wrath suggests that evil and suffering occurs primarily across the line between _____ _____ _____.

Chapter 16

The Joad and Wilson families travel for two days. On the third day, they settle into a new routine whereby "the highway became their home and movement their medium of expression." Rose of Sharon declares that when they arrive in California, she and Connie plan to live in town, where Connie can study at night in preparation for managing his own store. This worries Ma Joad, who balks at any idea of splitting up the family. The Wilsons' car breaks down again. Tom and Casy offer to stay behind to repair it, but Ma refuses to go on without them. Instead, the whole group waits while Al and Tom go into town to find parts at a local car lot. The brothers find the needed part, and spend some time talking to the bitter, one-eyed attendant. The man complains tearfully of the injustices of his job. Tom urges him to pull himself together. At the crowded camp that night, Pa Joad tells a man that he is traveling to look for work in California. The man laughs at him, saying that there is no work in California, despite what the handbills promise. Wealthy farmers, the man reports, may need 800 workers, but they print 5,000 handbills, which are seen by 20,000 people. The man says that his wife and children starved to death because he took them to find work in California. This worries Pa, but Casy tells him that the Joads may have a different experience than this man did.

Agnes Wainwright

The Wainwright's 16-year-old daughter. She is engaged to Al Joad at the end of the novel.

Self-abasement noun

The belittling or humiliation of oneself

Tom Joad

The chief protagonist of the novel. He is the second oldest son of Ma and Pa Joad. Was sent to prison for killing a man. He tends to keep to himself. He is an outsider who chafes against authority figures who try to push him around. He is very loyal to the family, especially Ma. Self-centered at the beginning of the novel, but develops into a leader as the novel progresses.

Chapter 1

The cornfields of Oklahoma shrivel and fade in a long summer drought. Thick clouds of dust fill the skies, and the farmers tie handkerchiefs over their noses and mouths. At night, the dust blocks out the stars and creeps in through cracks in the farmhouses. During the day the farmers have nothing to do but stare dazedly at their dying crops, wondering how their families will survive. Their wives and children watch them in turn, fearful that the disaster will break the men and leave the families destitute. They know that no misfortune will be too great to bear as long as their men remain "whole."

granma and granpa

The couple who first began farming on the land that Pa has lost.

sawdust

The crooked used car salesmen fill the engines of their dilapidated cars with ___.

As the novel opens, what is devastating the land?

The dust, the drought, and the fear of losing everything

A

The end of the cotton season means the end of work. (A) True (B) False

Chapter 21

The hostility directed toward the migrants changes them and brings them together. Property owners are terrified of "the flare of want in the eyes of the migrants." California locals form armed bands to terrorize the "Okies" and keep them in their place. The owners of large farms drive the smaller farmers out of business, making more and more people destitute and unable to feed themselves or their children.

Chapter 5

The landowners and the banks, unable to make high profits from tenant farming, evict the farmers from the land. (Tenant farming is an agricultural system in which farmers rent farmland from a land owner.) Some of the property owners are cruel, some are kind, but they all deliver the same news: the farmers must leave. The farmers protest, complaining that they have nowhere to go. The owners suggest they go to California, where there is work to be done. Tractors arrive on the land, with orders to plow the property, crushing anything in their paths—including, if necessary, the farmhouse. The tractors are often driven by the farmers' neighbors, who explain that their own families have nothing to eat and that the banks pay several dollars a day. Livid, the displaced farmers yearn to fight back, but the banks are so faceless, impersonal, and inhuman that they cannot be fought against.

What literary term would describe the explanation Casy gives about the Gila monster? Explain what it means.

The literary term is a metaphor. Easy equates how a Gila monster's head can hold on after death, continuing to inject poison into the wound, with the banks, large farms, the economy, the weather, the general feeling of hopelessness etc. All destroy the common man.

has one eye

The mechanic that Tom and Casy meet at the junkyard has what kind of disability?

B

The mechanic that Tom and Casy meet at the junkyard has what kind of disability? (A) He's deaf. (B) He only has one eye. (C) He's missing an arm. (D) He's paralyzed from the waist down.

If the small interchapters present generalizations about life and reinforce themes, what do the larger narrative chapters represent?

The narrative chapters tell the reader specifically how the Joads fit into the bigger, more generalized context in the intercepters. The intercepters are not part of the plot; they instead reinforce what happens in the narrative chapters.

Chapter 7

The narrator assumes the voice of a used-car salesman explaining to his employees how to cheat the departing families. The great westward exodus has created a huge demand for automobiles, and dusty used-car lots spring up throughout the area. Crooked salesmen sell the departing families whatever broken-down vehicles they can find. The salesmen fill engines with sawdust to conceal noisy transmissions and replace good batteries with cracked ones before they deliver the cars. The tenant farmers, desperate to move and with little knowledge of cars, willingly pay the skyrocketing prices, much to the salesmen's delight.

Chapter 19

The narrator describes how California once belonged to Mexico but was taken away by hungry American squatters who believed that they owned the land because they farmed it. The descendants of these squatters are the wealthy farmers who defend their land with security guards and protect their wealth by paying their laborers extremely low wages. They resent the droves of "Okies" flooding into the state because they know that hungry and impoverished people are a danger to the stability of land ownership. For their part, the Okies want only a decent wage and freedom from the threat of starvation. Settling in workers' camps, they try their best to look for work. Sometimes one of the them tries to grow a secret garden in a fallow field, but the deputies find it and destroy it.

Chapter 9

The narrator shifts focus from the Joads to describe how the tenant farmers in general prepare for the journey to California. For much of the chapter, the narrator assumes the voice of typical tenant farmers, expressing what their possessions and memories of their homes mean to them. The farmers are forced to pawn most of their belongings, both to raise money for the trip and simply because they cannot take them on the road. In the frenzied buying and selling that follows, the farmers have no choice but to deal with brokers who pay outrageously low prices, knowing that the farmers are in no position to bargain. Disappointed, the farmers return to their wives and report that they have sold most of their property for a pocketful of change. The wives linger over objects with sentimental value, but everything must be sold or destroyed before the families can leave for California.

tom joad

The novel's main character and second Joad son. As the novel opens, he is returning to his family after his parole from the McAlester State Penitentiary. Among the novel's characters, he shows the most growth in his realization of the concept of human unity and love.

B

The old woman at the Weedpatch camp warns that Rose of Sharon's sins will cause her to (A) Starve to death. (B) Have a miscarriage. (C) Lose her husband. (D) Go to hell.

miscarriage

The old woman at the Weedpatch camp warns that Rose of Sharon's sins will cause her to have a _____.

noah joad

The oldest Joad son. slow-moving and emotionally distant, perhaps the result of an unintentional injury caused by Pa during his birth.

Chapter 30

The rain continues to fall. On the third day of the storm, the skies still show no sign of clearing. Rose of Sharon, sick and feverish, goes into labor. The truck has flooded, and the family has no choice but to remain in the boxcar. At Pa's urging, the men work to build a makeshift dam to keep the water from flooding their shelter or washing it away. However, an uprooted tree cascades into the dam and destroys it. When Pa Joad enters the car, soaked and defeated, Mrs. Wainwright informs him that Rose of Sharon has delivered a stillborn baby. The family sends Uncle John to bury the child. He ventures into the storm, places the improvised coffin in the stream, and watches the current carry it away. The rains continue. Pa spends the last of the family's money on food. On the sixth day of rain, the flood begins to overtake the boxcar, and Ma decides that the family must seek dry ground. Al decides to stay with the Wainwrights and Agnes. Traveling on foot, the remaining Joads spot a barn and head toward it. There, they find a dying man and small boy. The boy tells them that his father has not eaten for six days, having given all available food to his son. The man's health has deteriorated to such an extent that he cannot digest solid food; he needs soup or milk. Ma looks to Rose of Sharon, and the girl at once understands her unstated thoughts. Rose of Sharon asks everyone to leave the barn and, once alone, she approaches the starving man. Despite his protests, she holds him close and suckles him.

B (it is)

The rain is not strong enough to flood the boxcar. (A) True (B) False

King James Bible

The structure and prose style used by Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath was most profoundly influenced by what work?

What makes the selling off of the farmers' possessions all the more pitiful as Steinbeck presents it?

The tenant farmers are selling not only possessions but also their memories. They claim that they cannot live without the memories. "How will we know it's us without our past." (Pg 120)

What two arguments do the farmers give the "owner men"?

The tenant farmers ask for another year, when prices will go up. They also use the emotion of their past lives on the land; fighting Indians being born there and borrowing money to stay.

unity

The theme of _____ and human dignity in the huddled circle of men in chapter 1

human dignity

The theme of unity and _____ _____in the huddled circle of men in chapter 1

Jeffersonian agrarianism

The theory that human identity and self-esteem is determined by a connection to land and its cycle of growth is known as

Since the tractor driver is one of the local people, why does he do the dirty work for the banks?

The three dollars a day he is paid feeds his family. Desperation will make a good man go against his conscience.

Battle Hymn of the Republic

The title "The Grapes of Wrath" is a reference to which American patriotic song?

Find an example of alliteration on page 8.

The truck driver ".... looked over his coffee at the lean and lonely waitress. He talked the smart listless language of the roadside..."

What seems to be the point of devoting three entire pages, the whole chapter, to a turtle crossing the road?

The turtle seems to represent endurance and persistence of some kind. The turtle is the Joads.

dramatization

The use of a collage of vignettes, monologues, and dialogues designed to show the social and historical processes behind the events that were occurring in the story of the Joads

ruthie joad

The youngest Joad daughter. 12 years old and caught between childishness and adolescence.

Winfield joad

The youngest Joad family member. is 10 years old.

Define theme. See if you can find a theme in the turtle vignette.

Theme- the central or dominant idea behind the story. Mankind must struggle against overwhelming forces.

Migrants in the camps and on the road

These include workers returning from California who warn the Joads that California is not the promised land depicted in the handbills.

What are the banks compared to in this chapter?

They are equated with monsters that need profits to feed on or they will die.

Describe Rose of Sharon's and Connie's behavior and their dream?

They are wrapped up in each other and expect a baby. They dream of having a house in California.

What makes it economically desirable for the banks to drive the tenant farmers off the land?

They can replace ten to fifteen tenant families with one man and a machine. Additionally, the banks will own the production from the farms w/o having to deal with people living on the land.

Farmers and their Land

They have a connection with the land. Because of this, they have a hard time leaving.

Why do you suppose so many of these people go to California?

They have lost their homes, so they have to go somewhere, and the rumor is that there are jobs available in California.

Why did Tom's family not put up the fight he expected them to? Why did they not shoot the tractor driver and fight to stay on the land?

They realize that if they shoot the driver, they will accomplish nothing; it is the bank's margin of profit that is the enemy and they cannot fight that.

the wainwrights

They share a boxcar with the Joads at the end of the novel. Like the Wilsons, their union with the Joads underscores the novel's theme of human unity.

Beseech verb

To beg for eagerly

Ensnared verb

To capture in, or involves as in, a snare

Molting verb

To cast or shed in the process of renewal

Beveled

To change (a square edge of an object) to a sloping one

Emerged verb

To come forth into notice or view

Lolling verb

To hang loosely; droop; dangle

Dissipated verb

To scatter in various directions; disperse; dispel

Blazoned verb

To set forth conspicuously or publicly; display; proclaim

Bluster

To talk in a loud, aggressive, or indignant way with little effort

Plodding verb

To walk heavily

Mincing

To walk with short quick steps in an affectedly dainty manner

On parole

Tom Joad is _____ _____.

on parole

Tom Joad is _____ _____.

two

Tom Joad kills how many men?

manslaughter

Tom Joad spent four years in prison for committing what crime?

Chapter 6

Tom and Casy find the Joad homestead strangely untouched, other than a section of the farmhouse that has been crushed. The presence of usable materials and tools on the premises, apparently unscavenged, signifies to Tom that the neighbors, too, must have deserted their farms. Tom and Casy see Muley Graves walking toward them. He reports that the Joads have moved in with Tom's Uncle John. The entire family has gone to work picking cotton in hopes of earning enough money to buy a car and make the journey to California. Muley explains haltingly that a large company has bought all the land in the area and evicted the tenant farmers in order to cut labor costs. When Tom asks if he can stay at Muley's place for the night, Muley explains that he, too, has lost his land and that his family has already departed for California. Hearing this, Casy criticizes Muley's decision to stay behind: "You shouldn't of broke up the fambly." Hungry, the men share the rabbits Muley caught hunting. After dinner, the headlights of a police car sweep across the land. Afraid that they will be arrested for trespassing, they hide, though Tom balks at the idea of hiding from the police on his own farm. Muley takes them to a cave where he sleeps. Tom sleeps in the open air outside the cave, but Casy says that he cannot sleep: his mind is too burdened with what the men have learned.

Chapter 10

Tom and Ma Joad discuss California. Ma worries about what they will find there but trusts that the handbill she read that advertised work was accurate and that California will be a wonderful place. Grampa agrees, boasting that when he arrives there he will fill his mouth with grapes and let the juices run down his chin. Pa Joad has gone to town to sell off some of the family's possessions. Now he returns discouraged, having earned a mere eighteen dollars. The Joads hold a council during which it is decided that Casy may travel with them to California; then they set about packing to leave. Casy helps Ma Joad salt the meat. Despite her protests that salting is women's work, Casy convinces her that the amount of work facing them renders such preoccupations invalid. Rose of Sharon and Connie arrive, and the family piles onto the truck. When the time comes to leave, Muley Graves bids the family good-bye, but Grampa suddenly wants to stay. He claims that he aims to live off the land like Muley and continues to protest loudly until the Joads lace his coffee with sleeping medicine. Once the old man is asleep, the family loads him onto the truck and begins the long journey west.

leave

Tom has to _____ his family because Ruthie lets people know he's a killer.

family

Tom has to leave his _____ because Ruthie lets people know he's a killer.

Ruthie

Tom has to leave his family because _____ lets people know he's a killer.

What contrast is there between Jim and Tom?

Tom is tough; he speaks directly and acts forcefully. Jim is more circumspect; he is a thinker.

What philosophical ideas about killing and prison does Tom wonder about?

Tom knows that he was put in jail to teach him not to kill, but if the same situation were to occur (pg 74) he'd do it again.

Tom then says he does not mean to "sound off" at the man. What makes Tom a little kinder to the fat man?

Tom realizes that the path man is just a poor person like them, a poor man who will probably be freed out on the road also. The man confirms that he is nearly ready to move himself. (PG 127)

When Tom realizes that the neighbors have not come and taken the good boards and window frames from the house, what is his conclusion?

Tom realizes that there is something seriously wrong that goes beyond his own family.

What is ironic about Tom's reaction to the arrival of the men who are trying to keep people off the land?

Tom says "I never thought I'd be hiding' out on my old man's place." (pg 81)

What is Tom's ironic comment about the government?

Tom says that the government has "more interest in a dead man than a live one." (pg 191)

ivy and sairy wilson

Traveling companions of the Joads. A couple from Kansas, meet the Joads when their touring car breaks down. After Al and Tom fix their car, they travel with the family to the California border. The cooperation between them and the Joads exemplifies the strength that is found in persons helping others.

Hames. Noun.

Two curved pieces of iron or wood forming or attached to the collar of a draft horse, to which the traces are attached.

MUSIC

UNLIKELY PLACES-- PROVIDES SOUNDS OF SURVIVAL AND HOPE - car's music = Joad's car made sounds- listened intently for- kept them calm and helped sustain them "high hum of the motor dulled and the song of the tires dropped in pitch"

giving candy to children

Uncle John tries to assuage his guilt for his wife's death by ___.

Giving candy to children

Uncle John tries to assuage his guilt for his wife's death by _____ _____ _____ _____.

a desert

Upon arrival in California, the Joads are disappointed; Instead of the lush valleys they expected, they see ____ _____.

Change

We watch families cope with _____.

change

We watch families cope with _____.

A

What animal does Tom Joad pick up in the road? (A) Turtle (B) Dog (C) Rabbit (D) Cat

C

What are Al's main interests? (A) Cars and clothes (B) Music and girls (C) Girls and cars (D) Music and clothes

E

What are possible themes of the novel? (A) Man's Inhumanity to Man (B) The Saving Power of Family and Fellowship (C) The Dignity of Wrath (D) The Multiplying Effects of Selfishness and Altruism (E) All of the Above

Yellow

What color are the gas pumps painted at the service station where the Joads' dog is killed?

okies

What derogatory term do the citizens of California use to label the migrants?

Grasshopper

What did Tom crush with his fingers?

Stew

What did the Joad family eat for their first meal in Hooverville?

B

What do the citizens of California angrily call the migrants? (A) Hobos (B) Okies (C) Riffraff (D) Bonzos

D

What do the generic scenes, with unnamed characters, contribute to the novel? (A) Insight into the mind of Tom Joad (B) Unrealistic fantasies (C) Slapstick Comedy (D) Universality

B

What does Casy decide he will do after Tom Joad reunites with his family? (A) Say goodbye and move on (B) Stay with Joad and his family, traveling wherever they travel (C) Hitch-hike to California (D) Stay on the land and begin preaching again

Demand a contract

What does Floyd Knowles do that enrages the man who wants workers for a fruit-picking job in Tulare county?

act stupid

What does Floyd Knowles tell Tom if he ever has an encounter with the police?

Grapes

What does Grampa say he wants to fill his mouth with when the family arrives in California?

D

What does Muley frequently call himself? (A) Monster Man (B) The Ol' Vigilante (C) The Fighter (D) Damn ol' graveyard ghos'

D

What does Noah decide to do upon arriving in California? (A) Run off with a girl he just met. (B) Hitch a ride with a family on their way back to Oklahoma. (C) Get into a fight with another migrant. (D) Leave the family and live off the river.

Radios

What does Rose of Sharon want Connie to study in California?

A

What does Tom Joad infer when he sees that the scrap parts of the Joad house remain? (A) There are no neighbors living in the area, because nobody has taken parts off the house. (B) His family must have left to go visit him in jail, and will probably reach home very soon. (C) His family must have been evicted. (D) There must have been a fire that destroyed the house from the inside out.

A

What does Tom Joad see when he first arrives at his home? (A) The dilapidated, collapsed shell of his house (B) The foundation of his demolished house (C) The new family that has moved into his home (D) His whole family, eagerly awaiting his arrival

C

What does Tom do to force the family to flee Hooper Ranch? (A) Insults the owners by calling them greedy (B) Takes fruit without paying for it (C) Clubs Jim Casy's killer (D) Steals a car to go on a joyride

Music

What does Tom hear more of in prison than out of prison?

C

What does Uncle John give to children? (A) Pennies (B) Cracker Jack candy (C) Gum (D) Wooden soldiers

C

What event occurs while the Joads are at the gas station? (A) Grampa dies in the back of the van. (B) Rose of Sharon gives birth. (C) A passing car kills the family dog. (D) Uncle John buys a bottle of liquor and gets drunk.

A

What happens to Casy at the Hooverville camp? (A) He gets arrested after taking the blame for Tom during a fight. (B) He comes down with an illness and can't travel. (C) An argument with Ma forces him to leave the Joads. (D) He has a religious epiphany and goes back to the church.

B

What happens to the starving man whom the Joads meet in the final pages of the novel? (A) He dies. (B) Rose of Sharon breastfeeds him. (C) He robs the Joads of all their possessions. (D) An emergency relief team comes to rescue him.

C

What is Grampa Joad's sudden death is brought on by? (A) Malnutrition. (B) A fatal infection. (C) Heartbreak over leaving his Oklahoma land. (D) An automobile accident.

A

What is a "big cat"? (A) A machine used by the banks to evict farmers (B) The migrants' nickname for a policeman (C) The policemen's nickname for a male Okie (D) A terrible dust storm

Family

What is a means of survival?

family

What is a means of survival?

Farming

What is about cultivation, life, and growth?

Their fellow human beings

What is consistently portrayed as the greatest cause of the migrants' suffering?

C

What is one reason why Tom Joad's younger brother, Al, admires Tom? (A) He respects his parents. (B) He escaped from jail. (C) He killed a man. (D) He has slept with many women.

West

What is perceived as the land of plenty?

Route 66

What is the "mother road"?

C

What is the name of the place that Tom Joad was released from? (A) McDaniels (B) McArthur (C) McAlester (D) McDonalds

five cents

What is the original price of the candy Mae sells to the migrant children in the diner?

C

What is the original price of the candy Mae sells to the migrant children in the diner? (A) One cent (B) Three cents (C) Five cents (D) Ten cents

His wife's death

What is the source of Uncle John's drinking problem?

D

What is the source of Uncle John's drinking problem? (A) Emotional trauma from serving in World War I (B) The desire to have done more with his life (C) A bitter divorce (D) His wife's death

mechanic

What job does Al most desire?

color imagery

What kind of imagery is shown in the first paragraph of the first chapter?

Pork chops, fried sliced potatoes

What meal does Ma take Tom the last time she sees him?

Dust Bowl

What name was given to the regions struck most severely by drought in the 1930's?

D

What news did his parents tell Tom about his sister, Rosasharn?A: She has moved to Oklahoma City to work as a maid. B: She has become a school teacher. C: She has already moved to California. D: She is married and expecting a child.

C

What pushed the Oklahoma tenants off of their land? (A) Organized crime (B) Migrant workers (C) Industrialized farming (D) Health precautions

Highway 66

What road do the Joads and other migrant farmers travel on their way to California?

Work, space

What rumors are there of out west?

pragmatism

What social concept is best typified by Tom's statement, "I climb fences when I got fences to climb"?

downtrodden

What sort of characters did Steinbeck frequently explore in his writing?

Salting the meat

What traditionally female job does Jim Casy help Ma Joad with before the family departs for California?

Turtle

What tries to cross the road?

B

What was Jim Casy's former occupation? (A) Truck driver (B) Preacher (C) Ditch digger (D) Mayor

Toilet paper

What was being stolen according to the Ladies Committee?

Okies

What was the derisive term, used particularly by Californians, for migrant workers seeking employment?

bathroom

What was the sanitation room at the government camp?

Hoovervilles

What was the term for the camps of impoverished migrant workers that formed during the Great Depression?

C

What weather event does the first chapter describe? (A) The Tri-State Tornado of 1925 (B) The Galveston Hurricane of 1900 (C) The Dust Bowl (D) The San Francisco Earthquake

Weedpatch

What's the name of the "government camp" the Joad family lives in for a about a month?

B

When Joad arrives at his Uncle's house, what does he discover? (A) His father has left his mother. (B) His family is nearly ready to leave for California. (C) His family has decided not to move to California. (D) His family is not there.

no riders

When Tom Joad is picked up by a trucker, the trucker's vehicle carries a sign. What does it say?

What point about people is made a number of times in the conversations between the Joads and the Wilsons?

When people are in need, and others see it, there is a responsibility to offer help.

Overalls

When the Joads make money picking cotton, they buy _____.

Got drunk

When the family was in Hooverville, what did Uncle John do with his 2 silver dollars?

Chapter 11

When the farmers leave their land, the land becomes vacant. The narrator explains that even though men continue to work the land, these men have no real connection to their work. Possessed of little knowledge or skill, these corporate farm workers come to the farm during the day, drive a tractor over it, and leave to go home. Such a separation between work and life causes men to lose wonder for their work and for the land. The farmer's "deep understanding" of the land and his relationship to it cease to be. The empty farmhouses are quickly invaded by animals and begin to crumble in the dust and the wind.

Chapter 23

When the people are not working or looking for work, they make music and tell folktales together. If they have money, they can buy alcohol, which, like music, temporarily distracts them from their miseries. Preachers give fire-and-brimstone sermons about evil and sin, haranguing the people until they grovel on the ground, and conduct mass baptisms. These are the various methods the migrants have for finding escape and salvation.

In town

Where do Rose of Sharon and Connie say they intend to live once the family settles in California?

A

Where do the Joads leave Granma's corpse? (A) A coroner's office (B) A hospital morgue (C) Under a sycamore tree (D) By the banks of a stream

D

Where do the landowners suggest that the Oklahoma tenants go? (A) New York (B) Oregon (C) Boston (D) California

D

Where has Tom Joad been released from just before he hitches a ride on a truck? (A) Hospital (B) Previous job (C) Mental facility (D) Jail

D

Where is Joad's family, according to Muley? (A) In New York (B) In California (C) En route to the prison (D) At Uncle John's house

Her hand

Where was the lady accidentally shot in Hooverville?

D

Which Joad child believes him- or herself to be the least loved by Ma and Pa? (A) Rose of Sharon (B) Tom (C) Al (D) Noah

noah joad

Which Joad child makes the deliberate choice to part ways from the rest of the family?

Noah

Which Joad family member decides to set up permanent camp by the river instead of completing the journey to California?

C

Which adjective best describes Noah's demeanor? (A) Flamboyant (B) Emotional (C) Calm (D) Quick to anger

Ruthie

Which character accidentally reveals that Tom is in hiding?

Al Joad

Which character is knowledgeable about cars and helps Pa Joad choose a truck for the family's journey?

al joad

Which character is knowledgeable about cars and helps Pa Joad choose a truck for the family's journey?

jim casy

Which character is often considered to be symbolic of Christ?

Spinach

Which does Muley Graves not eat?

The dog's death

Which event is an early foreshadowing of the poor treatment that the Joads experience at the hands of wealthy landowners?

violin

Which instrument is said to be the rarest for the camp people?

B

Which of the following is NOT true of the murder Tom Joad committed? (A) He was in a fight. (B) He was attacking a family member. (C) He hit his opponent with a shovel. (D) He was stabbed.

C

Which of the following is an example of symbolism? (A) Rose of Sharon's Pregnancy (B) The death of the Joads' dog (C) Both A and B (D) None of the Above

California

Which state do the Joads hope to reach?

California

Which state was John Steinbeck born?

Willy

Who betrays the families?

Pa Joad

Who did Tom see first when he arrived at his Uncle John's house?

D

Who in the novel first proposes the idea of organizing the workers? (A) Tom (B) Al (C) Jim Casy (D) Floyd Knowles

BE

Who is being described? A couple traveling to California whom the Joads meet on Highway 66, just before Grampa's death. They lend the Joads their tent so that Grampa can have a comfortable place to die. The Joads return the couple's kindness by fixing their broken-down car. Hoping to make the trip easier, the two families combine forces, traveling together until health concerns force them to stop. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

B

Who is being described? A former preacher who gave up his ministry out of a belief that all human experience is holy. Often the moral voice of the novel, he articulates many of its most important themes, among them the sanctity of the people and the essential unity of all mankind. A staunch friend of Tom Joad, he goes to prison in Tom's stead for a fight that erupts between laborers and the California police. He emerges a determined organizer of the migrant workers. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

C

Who is being described? An impractical, petulant, and romantic young woman, she begins the journey to California pregnant with her first child. She and Connie have grand notions of making a life for themselves in a city. The harsh realities of migrant life soon disabuse Rose of Sharon of these ideas, however. Her husband abandons her, and her child is born dead. By the end of the novel, she matures considerably, and possesses, the reader learns with surprise, something of her mother's indomitable spirit and grace. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

AD

Who is being described? He is an Oklahoma tenant farmer who has been evicted from his farm. A plainspoken, good-hearted man, he directs the effort to take the family to California. Once there, unable to find work and increasingly desperate, he finds himself looking to Ma Joad for strength and leadership, though he sometimes feels ashamed of his weaker position. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

CD

Who is being described? He is the youngest of the Joad children. Ma worries for his well-being, fearing that without a proper home he will grow up to be wild and rootless. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

ABE

Who is being described? He refused to fetch a doctor for his pregnant wife when she complained of stomach pains. He has never forgiven himself for her death, and he often dwells heavily on the negligence he considers a sin. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

AC

Who is being described? One of the Joads' Oklahoma neighbors. When the bank evicts his family, he refuses to leave his land. Instead, he lets his wife and children move to California without him and stays behind to live outdoors. When he comes upon Tom at the abandoned Joad farm, he directs the young man to his Uncle John's. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

BD

Who is being described? Rose of Sharon's husband, he is an unrealistic dreamer who abandons the Joads after they reach California. This act of selfishness and immaturity surprises no one but his naïve wife. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

CE

Who is being described? She has a fiery relationship to her brother. The two are intensely dependent upon one another and fiercely competitive. When she brags to another child that her brother has killed two men, she inadvertently puts Tom's life in danger, forcing him to flee. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

D

Who is being described? She is a pious Christian, who loves casting hellfire and damnation in her husband's direction. Her health deteriorates quickly after Grandpa's death; she dies just after the family reaches California. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

A

Who is being described? She is introduced as a woman who knowingly and gladly fulfills her role as "the citadel of the family." She is the healer of the family's ills and the arbiter of its arguments, and her ability to perform these tasks grows as the novel progresses. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

ABD

Who is being described? The daughter of the couple who shares the Joads' boxcar toward the end of the novel. She becomes engaged to Al, who leaves his family in order to stay with her. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

BC

Who is being described? The founder of the Joad farm, he is now old and infirm. Once possessed of a cruel and violent temper, his wickedness is now limited almost exclusively to his tongue. He delights in tormenting his wife and shocking others with sinful talk. Although his character serves largely to produce comical effect, he exhibits a very real and poignant connection to the land. The family is forced to drug him in order to get him to leave the homestead; removed from his natural element, however, he soon dies. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

BCD

Who is being described? The migrant worker who first inspires Tom and Casy to work for labor organization. His outspokenness sparks a scuffle with the police in which Casy is arrested. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

AE

Who is being described? The novel's protagonist, and Ma and Pa Joad's favorite son. He is good-natured and thoughtful and makes do with what life hands him. Even though he killed a man and has been separated from his family for four years, he does not waste his time with regrets. He lives fully for the present moment, which enables him to be a great source of vitality for the Joad family. A wise guide and fierce protector, he exhibits a moral certainty throughout the novel that imbues him with strength and resolve: he earns the awed respect of his family members as well as the workers he later organizes into unions. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

ABC

Who is being described? Tom's older brother. He has been slightly deformed since his birth: Pa Joad had to perform the delivery and, panicking, tried to pull him out forcibly. Slow and quiet, he leaves his family behind at a stream near the California border, telling Tom that he feels his parents do not love him as much as they love the other children. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

AB

Who is being described? Tom's younger brother, a sixteen-year-old boy obsessed with cars and girls. He is vain and cocky but an extremely competent mechanic, and his expertise proves vital in bringing the Joads, as well as the Wilsons, to California. He idolizes Tom, but by the end of the novel he has become his own man. When he falls in love with a girl named Agnes Wainwright at a cotton plantation where they are working, he decides to stay with her rather than leaving with his family. (A) Ma Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Rose of Sharon (D) Grandma Joad (AB) Al Joad (AC) Muley Graves (AD) Pa Joad (AE) Tom Joad (BC) Grandpa Joad (BD) Connie (BE) Ivy and Sairy Wilson (CD) Winfield Joad (CE) Ruthie Joad (ABC) Noah Joad (ABD) Agnes Wainwright (ABE) Uncle John (BCD) Floyd Knowles

A

Who is given the task of burying Rose of Sharon's stillborn child? (A) Uncle John (B) Tom (C) Pa Joad (D) Agnes Wainwright

Ma Joad

Who is known as "the citadel" of the Joad family?

Jim Casy

Who is speaking? "I got thinkin' how we was holy when we was one thing, an' mankin' was holy when it was one thing. An' it on'y got unholy when one mis'able little fella got the bit in his teeth an' run off his own way, kickin' an' draggin' an' fightin'. Fella like that bust the holi-ness. But when they're all workin' together, not one fella for another fella, but one fella kind of harnessed to the whole shebang—that's right, that's holy."

Tom Joad

Who is speaking? "Says one time he went out in the wilderness to find his own soul, an' he foun' he didn't have no soul that was his'n. Says he foun' he jus' got a little piece of a great big soul. Says a wilderness ain't no good, 'cause his little piece of a soul wasn't no good 'less it was with the rest, an' was whole."

Ma Joad

Who is speaking? "We're Joads. We don't look up to nobody. Grampa's grampa, he fit in the Revolution. We was farm people till the debt. And then—them people. They done somepin to us. Ever' time they come seemed like they was a-whippin' me—all of us. An' in Needles, that police. He done somepin to me, made me feel mean. Made me feel ashamed. An' now I ain't ashamed. These folks is our folks—is our folks. An' that manager, he come an' set an' drank coffee, an' he says, 'Mrs. Joad' this, an' 'Mrs. Joad' that—an' 'How you getting' on, Mrs. Joad?'" She stopped and sighed. "Why, I feel like people again."

B

Who is the author of the Grapes of Wrath? (A) Ernest Hemingway (B) John Steinbeck (C) Justin Knowles (D) Mark Twain

Noah

Who is the eldest of the Joad siblings?

Winfield

Who is the youngest of the Joad siblings?

Ivy and Sairy Wilson

Who joins the Joads' westward-bound party after the death of Grampa?

Al Joad

Who marries Agnes Wainwright?

muley graves

Who said the following: ". . . if a fella's got somepin to eat an' another fella's hungry -- why, the first fella ain't got no choice."

tom joad

Who said the following: "I'll be ever'where -- wherever you look. Wherever they's a fight so hungry people can eat, I'll be there. Wherever they's a cop beatin' up a guy, I'll be there."

ma joad

Who said the following: "If you're in trouble or hurt or need -- go to poor people. They're the only ones that'll help -- the only ones."

jim casy

Who said the following: "There ain't no sin and there ain't no virtue. There's just stuff people do. It's all part of the same thing."

Ma Joad

Who said, "Besides, us folks takes a pride holdin' in."?

A

Who said, "Besides, us folks takes a pride holdin' in."? (A) Ma (B) Pa (C) Tom (D) Reverend Casy (E) Granma

Jim Casy

Who said, "Somepin's happening. I went up an' I looked, an' the houses us all empty, an' the land is empty, an' this whole country is empty."?

C

Who said, "Somepin's happening. I went up an' I looked, an' the houses us all empty, an' the land is empty, an' this whole country is empty."? (A) Ma (B) Pa (C) Reverend Casy (D) Uncle John (E) Granma

Jim Casy

Who said, "They's gonna come a thing that's gonna change the whole country."?

D

Who said, "They's gonna come a thing that's gonna change the whole country."? (A) Uncle John (B) Ma (C) Pa (D) Reverend Casy (E) Tom

Tractor driver

Who said, "Three dollars a day. Is that right?"?

E

Who said, "Three dollars a day. Is that right?"? (A) Ma (B) Pa (C) Tom (D) Reverend Casy (E) Tractor driver

Ma Joad

Who said, "Use' ta be the family was fust. It ain't so now. It's anybody."?

A

Who said, "Use' ta be the family was fust. It ain't so now. It's anybody."? (A) Ma (B) Pa (C) Tom (D) Granma (E) Ivy

B

Who tells Tom his parents' whereabouts when he arrives at their deserted farm? (A) Jim (B) Muley Graves (C) Winifred (D) Mr. Huston

Casy

Who was arrested in Hooverville?

The head of the camp

Who was the man in the white suit?

B

Whom does Agnes Wainwright decide to marry? (A) Tom (B) Al (C) Jim Casy (D) Floyd Knowles

B

Whom does Tom Joad meet on his way home from jail? (A) Al Joad (B) Jim Casy (C) Pa Joad (D) Ma Joad

C

Whom would Muley NOT describe as one of "Them sons-a-bitches?" (A) Industrial agriculture (B) "Owner men" (C) Tom Joad (D) Banks

C

Why are the people being kicked off the land, according to Muley? (A) Excessively high crime rate (B) Voluntary and willing departures (C) Efforts to increase profit margins (D) Corrupt police force

D

Why did Jim Casy resign from the ministry? (A) He lost his faith in religion. (B) He felt guilty about sleeping with women in his congregation. (C) He was no longer speaking with conviction and honesty (D) All of the above

C

Why did Tom Joad serve time in jail? (A) Robbery (B) Arson (C) Homicide (D) Rape

B

Why do the other children ostracize Ruthie when she first arrives at the government camp? (A) She is from Oklahoma. (B) She bullies a girl on the croquet court. (C) She is caught stealing at the general store. (D) She is from a large family.

not enough money

Why does Grampa not receive a proper burial?

A

Why does Grampa not receive a proper burial? (A) The family does not have enough money to pay for a burial and still make it to California. (B) The family fears they will be accused of foul play if they take Grampa's body to the police. (C) No minister is available to conduct the service. (D) Grampa was a curmudgeon and nobody liked him anyway.

C

Why does Ma fear that Winfield will grow up to be wild and uncontrollable? (A) Since Noah left, he has been without a proper influence. (B) Work camps are not a decent place to raise children. (C) Without a proper home, he will become rootless and lose his sense of the importance of family. (D) Manual labor is not good for such a young child.

A

Why does Muley Graves decide to stay in Oklahoma? (A) He feels a kinship with the land and cannot bear to leave it. (B) He needs some time away from his family. (C) Leaving the state would violate his parole. (D) He is in love with a local girl.

B

Why does Pa's dam fail? (A) Pa uses sand when he should have used mortar. (B) A tree falls into it. (C) The water simply rises too fast. (D) Pa builds a good dam, but he builds it in a bad place.

D

Why does Ruthie reveal Tom's secret? (A) She is jealous of her older brother. (B) She talks in her sleep. (C) She wants to frighten a policeman. (D) She wants to impress a girl who is picking on her.

C

Why is Noah slightly deformed? (A) Ma drank heavily during her pregnancy. (B) A local corporation dumped pollutants into the water supply. (C) Pa tried to deliver Noah by pulling him out with his bare hands. (D) As a child, Noah was run over by a combine.

D

Why is Tom Joad out of jail? (A) He escaped. (B) His sentence is finished. (C) He was found innocent. (D) He has been released on parole.

B

Why is the gas station attendant rude to the Joads? (A) Winfield steals a piece of candy. (B) He is angry that people come to his station to beg and barter for fuel. (C) Tom tries to bully him into lowering his prices. (D) A carload of people swindled him before the Joads arrived.

B

Why is the used car industry booming? (A) People are hoping to sell cars for scrap metal. (B) People are trying to move out to California. (C) People are buying better cars using big business profits. (D) People want to drive to different banks and talk to the employees.

ma joad

Wife and mother. the backbone of the Joad family: strong-minded and resolute. Her main concern is that the family unit not be broken. She is the physical embodiment of Steinbeck's theory of love.

Ma Joad

Wife of Pa Joad, mother of Tom. Kind, loving, strong woman who is the heart of the Joad family. Shows courage, hope and moral values. She maintains a positive outlook despite the hardships. Strives to keep the family together.

How does Willy Feely's opinion about helping others differ from Muley's?

Willy says that he is going along with the gov and banks because, "Fust an' on'y thing I got to think about is my folks.... What happens to other folks is their look-out." (Pg 75) Muley, however, helps others.

disconsolately

Without consolation or comfort; unhappy.

Do you suppose it is a peaceful or violent revolution Steinbeck has in mind when he describes all the poor people uniting?

You can argue either side, but a revolution is coming.

Tractor driver

Young man hired by the banks to knock down homes of the evicted tenant farmers. The driver is himself the son of a tenant farmer. But because he has a wife and children to feed, the young man says he has no choice but to take the tractor job.

Ruthie Joad

Youngest daughter of Ma and Pa Joad; approximately 12 years old. Mischievous

Winfield Joad

Youngest son of Ma and Pa Joad; approximately 10 years old. Mischievous

Tenant farmers

_____ _____ are heading west because there are rumors of work and space out west.

Noah

_____ decides to leave his family to live by the Colorado River.

Tom

_____ has to leave his family because Ruthie lets people know he's a killer.

Hoyden. Noun.

a boisterous girl.

Pall

a cloth spread over a coffin, hearse, or tomb.

Pellagra

a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B3).

Insignia

a distinguishing mark or token of something

Horde noun

a large group of people

Derelicts. Noun.

a piece of property, especially a ship, abandoned by the owner and in poor condition.

Quoit. Noun.

a ring of iron, rope, or rubber thrown in a game to encircle or land as near as possible to an upright peg

Bolls

a rounded seed vessel or pod of a plant, as of flax or cotton

stereopticon. Noun.

a slide projector that combines two images to create a three-dimensional effect, or makes one image dissolve into another.

Accouterments. Noun

additional items of dress or equipment, or other items carried or worn by a person or used for a particular activity.

Transgression. Noun.

an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; an offense.

pragmatism

an approach that assesses the truth of meaning of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application

Effluvium

an unpleasant or harmful odor, secretion, or discharge

Imperiously adj

assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering

Stealthy

behaving, done, or made in a cautious and surreptitious manner, so as not to be seen or heard.

Querulously. Adj.

characterized by or uttered in complaint; peevish:

muley graves

chooses to stay behind when his family leaves for California, an illustration of the effect of loss on those who have been driven from their land

Reverential

deeply respectful

Requisitioned

demand the use or supply of, especially by official order and for military or public use.

Benediction. Noun

devout or formal invocation of blessedness.

Reproachfully adj

expressing disapproval or disappointment

Ravenous

extremely hungry

Veneration

great respect; reverence

Inveterate. Adj.

having a particular habit, activity, or interest that is long-established and unlikely to change.

Rakishly

having or displaying a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance

Servile adj

having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others

Lecherous

having or showing excessive or offensive sexual desire

Virtuously

having or showing high moral standards

Imperceptibly

impossible to perceive

Listlessly

lacking energy or enthusiasm

Prostrate

lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward

Droned. Verb.

make a continuous low humming sound.

Writhed

make continual twisting, squirming movements or contortions of the body

Righteous

morally right or justifiable

Eddied

move in a circular way

YELLOWS/ GRAYS/ REDS

narrator returns to the YELLOW AND GOLD landscape of Oklahoma-- "yellowing, dusty, afternoon light put a golden colour on the land. the cornstalks looked golden" - -GOLD is linked closely to MONEY -- land= reminder to its inhabitants that it once was rich, lush and profitable "red" and "gray" therefore symbolise the DISMAL REALITY of the DUST BOWL -- drought and of the blood, sweat and tears that have been poured into the land INHUMANITY OF LANDOWNERS AND BANKERS-- planting the cotton in the place of corn, know cotton will bleed the soil DRY and remove any moisture remaining -- " YOU KNOW WHAT COTTON DOES TO THE LAND; ROBS IT, SUCKS ALL THE BLOOD OUT OF IT" - resuscitate it is chance was available- "IF THEY COULD ONLY ROTATE HTE CROPTS THEY MIGHT PUMP THE BLOOD BACK INTO THE LAND"-- CONVEYS THEIR LOVE AND DESPERATION -- land is bloodless and therefore families STREAM WESTWARDS

Lusterless

not bright or shiny; dull

Obscure

not discovered or known about; uncertain

Vigilantes

people who take the law into their own hands

Mastoids

process of the temporal bone behind the ear at the base of the skull that help to turn your head

Denunciation

public condemnation of someone or something

Deftly

quickly and skillfully

Meek

quiet, gentle, and easily imposed on; submissive.

Docilely

ready to accept control or instruction; submissive

al joad

responsible for the maintenance of the family's truck during the journey to California.

Sated. Verb.

satisfy (a desire or an appetite) to the full.

naturalism

school of writing favoring realistic representations of human life and natural, as opposed to supernatural or spiritual, explanations for social phenomena

Uppity

self-important; arrogant

the wainwrights

share a boxcar with the Joads at the end of the novel

noah joad

slow-moving and emotionally distant, perhaps the result of an unintentional injury caused by Pa Joad during his birth

Haycocks

small, conical heaps of hay drying in a field.

Fetid

smelling extremely unpleasant

ROSE OF SHARON= CHRIST

song of Solomon II -- rose of Sharon implies CHRIST -therefore her breastfeeding at the end alludes once again to the Bible and "thy breasts to clusters of grapes" - sacrificial body -- "given to you"-- given to humanity as a whole -- COLLECTIVISM

ma joad

the backbone of the Joad family

Timbre. Noun.

the character or quality of a musical sound or voice as distinct from its pitch and intensity.

tom joad

the novel's main character

Proprietor. Noun.

the owner of a business, or a holder of property.

ma joad

the physical embodiment of Steinbeck's theory of love

jim casy

the spokesman for the author's main theories, including the multi-faceted themes of love and strength in unity.

survival

the theme of _____ is implied by the refusal of the men to break in chapter 1

the wainwrights

their union with the Joads underscores the novel's theme of human unity

willie eaton

thwarted a staged riot attempt by the Farmers Association

Pinioned

tie or hold the arms or legs of (someone)

Exultantly

triumphantly happy

al joad

willingly admits that only cars and girls interest him

Reverently. Adj.

with deep and solemn respect

Disconsolate adj

without consolation or comfort; unhappy