The Great Depression Test Review
A well-known painting that pays tribute to Midwesterners is
American Gothic by Grant Wood
The stock market took its steepest dive on October 29, 1929, the day known as
Black Tuesday
The group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington in 1932 was called the
Bonus Army
Alfred E. Smith endured a smear campaign in the 1928 election because he was
Catholic
Newly homeless people put up communities of shacks that they called
Hoovervilles
By 1932 Hoover had concluded that the only way to provide funding for borrowers was for the government to do the lending, so he requested that Congress set up the
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
The first feature-length animated Film was
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
__________ invested in stocks, betting that the market would continue to climb so that they could make a quick profit.
Speculators
Farmers on the Great Plains began to lose their crops during the Depression because
a terrible drought dried the soil
In 1929 the top 5 percent of all American households earned 30 Percent of the nations income, which is
an uneven distribution of income
In May 1932, the Senate voted down a bill that would have
authorized early payment of World War I veterans' bonuses
The stock market crash weakened the nation's banks because
banks had invested their deposits in the stock market
During the Great Depression, many farmers turned their farms over to
banks that held mortgages
To pay for public works, the government would have to raise taxes or
borrow money
A long period of rising stock prices is known as a
bull market
When the Senate voted down the bonus bill that promised $1,000 to each veterans, some veterans
camped out in vacant buildings in D.C.
The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to
continue lending money to their communities
During the Great Depression, when a bank collapsed,
depositors lost their savings
The Dust Bowl occurred because plowed land was left uncultivated and there was a terrible
drought
Before the late 1920s, stock prices
generally reflected the stocks' true value
Stock prices first began to decline in late 1929 because
investors began to sell their stock
In the 1920s, the Federal Reserve contributed to weaknesses in the stock market by
keeping interest rates low
President Hoover's image was tarnished by the rout of the Bonus Marchers and the
lingering Depression
The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided
loans to the states for direct relief
The original purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to
make loans to businesses
Daytime radio dramas such as Guiding Light were often sponsored by
makers of laundry soaps
Between 1930 and 1934, creditors foreclosed on nearly one million farms, and farmers retaliated in all of the following ways EXCEPT by
marching to Washington, D.C, in protest
In order to protect loans made by stockbrokers to investors who bought stocks on margin, brokers could issue a
margin call
The Hawley-Smoot Tariff dampened commerce
on both sides of the Atlantic
President Hoover opposed direct federal relief to the unemployed because he believed that
only state and city governments should dole out relief
Most economists agree that a key cause of the Depression was
overproduction
Thousands of World War I veterans came to Washington in 1932 to lobby Congress to
pass legislation giving veterans their promise bonus early
President Hoover hoped that public works would
provide jobs lost in the private sector
Most people during the Depression were able to enjoy two popular forms of entertainment: the movies and
radio
Hoover believed that only state and city governments should dole out
relief
President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the federal government to provide __________, or money given directly to impoverished families.
relief
In search of work or a better life during the Depression, many unemployed people
rode the rails
Programs, such as The Guiding Light, that carried over their story lines from day to day were nicknamed
soap operas
During the Depression, charities set up _________ to give poor people a meal.
soup kitchens
Hoover did not want the government to create many new jobs because that would mean increased government
spending
Which resulted in the loss of American jobs and export sales to foreign countries?
the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Who did artists and writers of the 1930s often use in their attempts to portray life around them/
the homeless and unemployed
A major contribution to Herbert Hoover's landslide victory in the 1928 election was
the prosperity of the 1920s
Some banks suffered more losses than they could absorb and
were forced to close
Buying on margin was a method of buying stocks
with mostly borrowed money
