The Great Depression Test Review

A well-known painting that pays tribute to Midwesterners is

American Gothic by Grant Wood

The stock market took its steepest dive on October 29, 1929, the day known as

Black Tuesday

The group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington in 1932 was called the

Bonus Army

Alfred E. Smith endured a smear campaign in the 1928 election because he was

Catholic

Newly homeless people put up communities of shacks that they called

Hoovervilles

By 1932 Hoover had concluded that the only way to provide funding for borrowers was for the government to do the lending, so he requested that Congress set up the

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

The first feature-length animated Film was

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

__________ invested in stocks, betting that the market would continue to climb so that they could make a quick profit.

Speculators

Farmers on the Great Plains began to lose their crops during the Depression because

a terrible drought dried the soil

In 1929 the top 5 percent of all American households earned 30 Percent of the nations income, which is

an uneven distribution of income

In May 1932, the Senate voted down a bill that would have

authorized early payment of World War I veterans' bonuses

The stock market crash weakened the nation's banks because

banks had invested their deposits in the stock market

During the Great Depression, many farmers turned their farms over to

banks that held mortgages

To pay for public works, the government would have to raise taxes or

borrow money

A long period of rising stock prices is known as a

bull market

When the Senate voted down the bonus bill that promised $1,000 to each veterans, some veterans

camped out in vacant buildings in D.C.

The National Credit Corporation tried to rescue troubled banks by allowing them to

continue lending money to their communities

During the Great Depression, when a bank collapsed,

depositors lost their savings

The Dust Bowl occurred because plowed land was left uncultivated and there was a terrible

drought

Before the late 1920s, stock prices

generally reflected the stocks' true value

Stock prices first began to decline in late 1929 because

investors began to sell their stock

In the 1920s, the Federal Reserve contributed to weaknesses in the stock market by

keeping interest rates low

President Hoover's image was tarnished by the rout of the Bonus Marchers and the

lingering Depression

The Emergency Relief and Construction Act provided

loans to the states for direct relief

The original purpose of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation was to

make loans to businesses

Daytime radio dramas such as Guiding Light were often sponsored by

makers of laundry soaps

Between 1930 and 1934, creditors foreclosed on nearly one million farms, and farmers retaliated in all of the following ways EXCEPT by

marching to Washington, D.C, in protest

In order to protect loans made by stockbrokers to investors who bought stocks on margin, brokers could issue a

margin call

The Hawley-Smoot Tariff dampened commerce

on both sides of the Atlantic

President Hoover opposed direct federal relief to the unemployed because he believed that

only state and city governments should dole out relief

Most economists agree that a key cause of the Depression was

overproduction

Thousands of World War I veterans came to Washington in 1932 to lobby Congress to

pass legislation giving veterans their promise bonus early

President Hoover hoped that public works would

provide jobs lost in the private sector

Most people during the Depression were able to enjoy two popular forms of entertainment: the movies and

radio

Hoover believed that only state and city governments should dole out

relief

President Hoover wanted state and city governments rather than the federal government to provide __________, or money given directly to impoverished families.

relief

In search of work or a better life during the Depression, many unemployed people

rode the rails

Programs, such as The Guiding Light, that carried over their story lines from day to day were nicknamed

soap operas

During the Depression, charities set up _________ to give poor people a meal.

soup kitchens

Hoover did not want the government to create many new jobs because that would mean increased government

spending

Which resulted in the loss of American jobs and export sales to foreign countries?

the Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Who did artists and writers of the 1930s often use in their attempts to portray life around them/

the homeless and unemployed

A major contribution to Herbert Hoover's landslide victory in the 1928 election was

the prosperity of the 1920s

Some banks suffered more losses than they could absorb and

were forced to close

Buying on margin was a method of buying stocks

with mostly borrowed money