The Hip-Joint Structure

Pelvic bone

- 3 areas -Ilium: Upper 2/5 -Ischium: Posterior & lower 2/5 -Pubis: Anterior & lower 1/5

Anteriorly

Two pelvic bones join to form symphysis pubis •Amphiarthrodial

Sacrum

extension of spinal column • 5 fused vertebrae -extending inferiorly is coccyx

Posterior pelvis

origin for gluteus maximus and hamstring group •Posterior Superior Iliac Spine •Posterior surface of sacrum, coccyx •Ischial Tuberosity

Lateral pelvis

origin for hip abductors •Just inferior to iliac crest

Anterior pelvis

origin for hip flexors •Anterior iliac crest •Anterior superior iliac spine •Anterior inferior iliac spine

Teres ligament

•Deep •acetabulum to femoral head •slightly limits adduction

Ischiofemoral ligament

•Posterior •ischium to trochanteric fossa of femur •limits internal rotation

Pubofemoral ligament

•anteromedially & inferiorly •limits excessive extension & abduction

Iliofemoral (Y) ligament

•prevents hyperextension

Hip joint (acetabulofemoral)

-Multi-axial Ball & socket -Head of femur w/acetabulum of pelvic girdle

The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle

-Relatively stable due to •bony architecture •strong ligaments •large supportive muscles -Functions in weight bearing & locomotion •enhanced by wide ROM •ability to run, cross-over cut, side-step cut, jump, & many other directional changes

Posteriorly

-Sacrum btw 2 pelvic bones •Sacroiliac (SI) joints •Amphiarthrodial

Proximal thigh

Insertion for short muscles of hip -Greater trochanter -Lesser trochanter •Origin for 3 knee extensors -Anterior surface of femur •Insertion for hip adductors -Linea aspera -Adductor tubercle