The "Revolution of 1800"-- the Administration of Thomas Jefferson
What was strict construction?
Strict construction states that the Constitution should be read word-for-word. In other words, what isn't specifically stated in the Constitution cannot and should not be done. Jefferson and his followers used strict construction in order to avoid the implementation of the national bank.
Who is Robert Livingston?
He was sent to discuss purchasing of Louisiana. He offered the Isle of Orleans and Florida, but Napoleon wanted all of the Louisiana Territory for only 15 million. Jefferson creates the Louisiana Purchase Treaty which ends strict construction, and doubles the size of the United States
Why was the 12th Amendment created?
It was created after the Election of 1800, so a tie would never have a tie between president and vice president again.
What happened in the Election of 1800?
It was the first time we have ever switched political parties, and we did it successfully. It was between Jefferson and Adams. This was also the first time there was a tie. It was between Jefferson and his running mate Arron Burr. It had to be brought to the house of representatives.
What precedent was Jefferson following in the Barbary War?
Jefferson was following Adams precedent following the Barbary War.
Why was Jefferson worried when Napoleon took over the Louisiana territory in 1800?
Jefferson was worried that Napoleon attack the United States and force the US to go into an alliance with Britain.
Who is John Marshall?
John Marshall was involved in the Marbury v. Madison case (chief justice); he looked over the constitution and from this, came up with the idea of judicial review; under John Marshall the Supreme Court strengthens its power and becomes an equal branch with the legislative and executive branches
Why did Napoleon want to sell all of the territory?
Napoleon wanted to sell all of the territory to fund his war efforts and couldn't protect that much land as well as he wanted to.
Who was James Madison?
The Secretary of State when Marbury took his case to the Supreme Court.
What is the Barbary War?
The first of two wars fought between the United States and the Northwest African Berber Muslim states known collectively as the Barbary States. Undeclared war 1801-1805: followed Adam's precedent.
Who was John Marshall?
The judge that said that Marbury couldn't start with the Supreme Court because the Constitution said that the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases dealing with ambassadors and states. Since the Constitution has more power, they had to go with that ruling; Section 13 was taken out. Marshall will strengthen the power of the Supreme Court and make it an equal branch with the other two. He believed in strong federal government.
Why is the Election of 1800 called the "Revolution of 1800"?
The outcome of the election caused the first switch of political parties in the government. Since this had never happened before and was successful, it was considered a revolution.
What is the overall effect of Marbury v. Madison? How does John Marshall revolutionize the Judicial Branch?
The overall effect of Marbury v. Madison is judicial review which gives the power to declare a federal law unconstitutional to the Supreme Court. John Marshall strengthens the Supreme Court and makes the authority equal to the other branches.
What is the overall effect of the Louisiana Purchase?
The overall effect of the Louisiana Purchase is that the nation is expanding. Land equals power, so the cheap purchase was a success. However, Thomas Jefferson's strict construction did not allow him to purchase the land. This caused the elimination of strict construction.
What is Judicial Review?
The power of the Supreme Court to declare a Federal law unconstitutional.
Why was the 12th Amendment necessary?
The president and vice president ran together for the election to avoid a president and vice president of different parties. It was used to aid the government to work together.
What was the problem with purchasing this territory?
The problem with purchasing the Louisiana territory was that strict construction did not allow the purchase. The Constitution did not say if the President could purchase land, so strict construction was eliminated in order to purchase Louisiana.
What was the Louisiana Purchase?
The territory sold by France to the US in 1803. The area had been explored by France, ceded to Spain in 1762, and returned to France in 1800. It ended strict construction and doubled the size of the US.
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
the most powerful man in the US. He decided to take the Louisiana territory back in 1800. Jefferson was concerned because he thought that Napoleon was going to take over the US.