Thermo

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in A) an igloo B) a tent C) a car

A

If a blob of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature A) remains the same B) decreases C) increases

B

Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in A) mass B) pressure C) temperature D) all of these E) two of these

E

Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine A) increases B) decreases C) stays the same

A

Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water density A) greater B) less C) no change

B

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227 degrees C and 27 degrees C is A) 88% B) 20% C) 25% D) 40%

D

A block of ice at zero degrees C melts, the ice A) absorbs energy from its environment B) absorbs energy and gets warmer C) releases energy to its environment D) releases energy and gets warmer

A

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same

A

At high altitudes, the boiling point of water A) is lower B) stays the same C) is higher

A

Blow on your hand with your open mouth and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and breath is A) cooler B) warmer still C) neither warmer nor cooler

A

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be A) the black surface B) the white surface C) neither - there is no difference

A

Consider a piece of metal that is at 10 degrees C. If it is heated until it has twice the internal energy, its temperature will be A) 293 degrees C B) 20 degrees C C) 273 degrees C D) 566 degrees C

A

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is A) water expands when freezing B) the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart C) the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes D) water contracts when freezing

A

Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is A) a warming process B) a cooling process also C) neither a warming nor cooling process

A

Food cooked in boiling water at a mountain top cooks slower than when cooked at sea level. If the temperature under the pot of boiling water is increased, the food will cook A) no differently than it did before the increase B) faster at the mountain top C) faster at both places D) faster at sea level

A

Ice tends to form first at the A) surface of bodies of water B) bottom of bodies of water C) surface or bottom depending on the water depth

A

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it A) cools B) warms C) neither warms nor cools

A

If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature A) decreases B) increases C) neither of these

A

If you measure a plot of land with a brass tape on a cold day, the actual amount of land your have will be A) smaller than measured B) larger than measured C) the same

A

Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the A) looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms B) high elasticity of metals C) similarity between thermal and electrical conductive properties D) relatively high densities of metal E) ability of metals to transfer energy easily

A

Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas freeze at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius (rather than at exactly zero) because A) the water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars B) they are very dense C) they are good radiators of energy D) they are good absorbers or radiant energy

A

Suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. The temperature of the eggs will A) increase B) decrease C) remain unchanged

A

Systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of A) more entropy B) less entropy C) no entropy

A

The Earth's atmosphere gets most of its heat A) near the surface of the Earth B) at high altitudes closer to the sun C) from the Earth's core

A

The amount of energy ultimately converted to heat by a light bulb is about A) 100% B) 30% C) 60% D) 15% E) 45%

A

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has A) a low specific heat B) a high specific heat C) no specific heat

A

The fact that thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates A) thermal equilibrium B) energy conservation C) the difference between heat and internal energy D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving

A

The reason the sun's radiant energy is of higher frequency than the Earth's is because the sun A) has a higher temperature than the Earth B) has much more internal energy C) is an energy source while the Earth is primarily an energy reciever

A

To totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat is A) possible B) impossible

A

Water will evaporate quicker if it A) Choices C, D, and E are all correct B) one or two of the choices below are not correct C) is spread out in a thin sheet D) is preheated to 100 degrees C E) is surrounded by dry air

A

When a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase B) remain unchanged C) decrease

A

When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air A) warms B) cools C) neither warms nor cools

A

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice B) from the ice to your finger C) actually, both ways

A

A good absorber of radiation is a A) poor emitter of radiation B) good emitter of radiation C) good reflector D) none of these

B

A quantity of water has more entropy when it is A) at room temperature B) boiling C) frozen ice

B

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) high specific heat B) low specific heat C) high conductivity D) low conductivity

B

A temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are A) cooler than the lower regions of air B) warmer than the lower regions of air C) at the same temperature as lower regions of air

B

An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is A) lower than its surroundings B) higher than its surroundings C) neither of these

B

As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same

B

At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air? A) heavier molecules B) very light molecules C) all will have equal average speeds

B

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to A) zero degrees C B) 4 degrees C C) minus 32 degrees C D) none of the above are true. Ice can form at the surface regardless of the water temperature below.

B

Boiling water does not increase in temperature when additional heat is applied because A) added input energy doesn't increase the water's internal energy B) the increased heating produces increased boiling, and therefore increased cooling

B

Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. If both roads start the night at the same temperature, at the end of a starry night the cooler road surface will be A) there is no difference B) the black surface C) the white surface

B

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has A) a greater specific heat and more internal energy B) higher temperatures, but less internal energy C) more internal energy and higher temperature D) none of these

B

Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap A) becomes narrower B) becomes wider C) retains its size

B

Consider a sample of ice at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is decreased, the volume of the ice A) increases B) decreases C) stays the same

B

Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same

B

Evaporation is a cooling process because A) conduction and convection B) the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid C) heat is radiated during the process D) the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases E) none of these

B

Heat energy travels from an object with a high A) internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature C) Both of these, for they say essentially the say the same thing D) None of the above choices are true

B

Ice has a lower density than water because ice A) molecules are more compact in the solid state B) is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals C) sinks D) molecules vibrate at lower rates than water molecues

B

In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of A) All will have the same average speed at the same temperature B) hydrogen C) nitrogen D) oxygen

B

It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling A) shows this common knowledge is false B) supports this common knowledge

B

One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is A) 0 J B) 40 J C) 60 J D) 100 J E) none of the above choices are correct

B

One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with A) mind over matter techniques B) low thermal conductivity of the coals C) low temperature of the coals

B

Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have A) low specific heats B) high specific heats C) none of the above

B

Sue's refrigerator is built into the wall of her kitchen, so that it exhausts heat to the outdoors rather than into the room. If Sue tries to cool her kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will A) increase at least slightly B) decrease at least slightly C) remain unchanged

B

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2700 K and 300 K is A) 80% B) 89% C) 24% D) 10%

B

The lowest temperature possible in nature is A) 0 degrees C B) -273 degrees C C) 4 K

B

The molecules in a room temperature glass of water jostle around at A) a very small range of speeds B) a great variety of speeds C) much at the same rates of speed

B

The planet Earth loses heat mainly by A) convection B) radiation C) conduction D) all of these

B

The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe, high in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, at this moment is A) above 4 degrees C B) 4 degrees C C) below 4 degrees C D) uncertain

B

When a system does work and no heat is added to the system, it temperature A) increases B) decreases C) remains unchanged

B

When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) smaller B) larger C) neither smaller or larger D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness

B

When water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees C is cooled it A) contracts B) expands C) neither contracts nor expands

B

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes A) smaller B) larger C) neither smaller or larger

B

Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? A) water B) iron C) glass D) wood E) all of the above choices are equally true

B

Which would burn the most? A) 100g of water at 100 degrees C B) 100g of steam at 100 degrees C C) both would be equally damaging

B

A good reflector of radiation is A) good absorber of radiation B) good emitter of radiation C) poor absorber of radiation

C

A hot dog pants A) to bring more oxygen into its lungs B) to impress dogs of the opposite sex C) to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract D) for no particular reason - some things just happen

C

A refrigerator A) changes heat into cold B) produces cold C) moves internal energy from inside the refrigerator to outside D) causes internal energy to disappear

C

Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. If both roads start the night at the same temperature, at the end of a starry night the warmer road surface will be A) there is no difference B) the black surface C) the white surface

C

Consider a steaming aluminum soda pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by A) contact with the relatively cool water B) sudden slowing of the air and steam molecules inside C) condensation of steam inside D) reduced internal energy E) rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water

C

Consider a steaming aluminum soda-pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by A) contact with the relatively cool water B) reduced internal energy C) condensation of steam inside D) sudden slowing of the air molecules inside E) rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water

C

Double the absolute temperature of helium gas and the average speed of its molecules A) more than doubles B) doubles C) less than doubles

C

During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas, A) the internal energy of the gas remains constant B) the temperature of the gas does not change C) no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas D) no work is done on the gas

C

For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid A) remains at 100 degrees C B) goes down C) goes up

C

Heat energy is measured in units of A) calories B) joules C) both of these

C

If you double the pressure of an ideal gas while keeping the temperature constant, the average kinetic energy of the molecules A) increases by more than twice B) increases by less than twice C) remains unchanged D) is doubled

C

If you run a refrigerator in a closed room with the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will A) decrease B) remain unchanged C) increase

C

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that are A) cooling B) heating C) both of these D) none of these

C

Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about A) 100 K B) 200 K C) 300 K D) 400 K E) more than 400 K

C

The energy needed to melt 27 grams of 0 degree C ice is A) 27 calories B) 2700 calories C) neither of the above

C

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) high evaporation rate B) poor conductivity C) high specific heat D) vast supply of internal energy E) absorption of solar energy

C

The white hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th of July type sparkler don't harm you because A) they have a low temperature B) the energy per molecule is very low C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark

C

To say that evaporation is a cooling process is to say that the A) the less energetic particles escape B) more energetic particles remain in the water C) more energetic particles escape

C

When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas A) absorbs energy B) both releases and absorbs energy C) releases energy D) neither releases nor absorbs energy

C

When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature A) decreases B) neither increases nor decreases C) increases

C

When heat is added to boiling water its temperature A) increases B) decreases C) does not change

C

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in A) its internal energy B) both temperature and internal energy C) neither temperature or internal energy

C

Which of the following contracts most when temperature is increased? Equal volumes of A) iron B) wood C) ice water D) helium E) none of these contract when heated

C

Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on your tile floor because your rug A) is usually warmer than your tile B) for the same mass has more internal energy than your tile C) is a better insulator than your tile

C

A volume of air has a temperature of 0 degrees C. An equal volume of air that is twice as hot has a temperature of A) 0 degrees C B) 64 degrees C C) 100 degrees C D) 273 degrees C E) none of the above choices are correct

D

Adiabatic processes occur A) only in the earth's mantle B) only in the atmosphere C) only in the oceans D) in the atmosphere, oceans and the earth's mantle

D

Ice is put in a cooler to cool the food stored there. In order to speed up the cooling process, you should A) drain ice water from the cooler periodically B) wrap the ice in newspaper C) light a small fire under one end, causing air currents to form D) crush the ice E) keep the ice and food well seperated

D

On a chilly 10 degree C day, your friend who like cold weather, wishes it were twice as cold (half as hot). Taken literally, this temperature would be A) 10 degrees C B) 5 degrees C C) 0 degrees C D) -131.5 degrees C E) -141.5 degrees C

D

On a humid day, water condenses on the outside of a glass of ice water. This phenomenon occurs mainly because of A) evaporation B) capillary action C) the porosity of glass D) the saturation of cooled air

D

To increase the temperature of 50 grams of water by 2 Celsius degrees requires A) 0.04 calorie B) 25 calories C) 2 calories D) 100 calories E) 4.18 calories

D

To wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy is A) possible using a steam engine B) possible using an atomic reactor C) possible using a simple machine D) impossible regardless of the technique used

D

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron expands more than copper B) iron gets hotter before copper C) copper gets hotter before iron D) copper expands more than iron

D

Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of A) iron B) wood C) water D) helium E) all contract the same

D