This sh*t is stup*d pt. ii
While assessing a patient, the nurse finds irregularly shaped, pigmented papule and variegated colors, with red tones on the upper back. Which condition does the nurse suspect in this patient? 1 Melanoma 2 Actinic keratosis 3 Basal cell carcinoma 4 Squamous cell carcinoma
1
n an immunization fair, the primary health care provider selected individuals to receive the Zostavax vaccine. The data is given below. What was the rationale for the primary health care provider to select the specified patient to receive the Zostavax vaccine? 1 Patient A with good immunity 2 Patient C using biologic agents 3 Patient D with autoimmune disease 4 Patient B with compromised immunity
1
Which patient is at a high risk for sepsis? 1 A patient with cancer 2 A patient with xerostomia 3 A patient taking progestin 4 A patient taking dexamethasone
1
Which process involves the replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue that aids in wound healing? 1 Granulation 2 Contraction 3 Resurfacing 4 Re-epithelialization
1
Which process occurs in the third intention of wound healing? 1 Removal of debris 2 Elimination of dead space 3 Inward pulling of wound edges 4 Replacement of dead tissue with scar tissue
1
Which screening guideline is recommended for the early detection of cancer? 1 Yearly fecal occult blood test for adults of all ages 2 Yearly mammography for patients older than 50 years 3 Colonoscopy at the age of 30 and every 5 years thereafter 4 Yearly digital rectal examination (DRE) for men older than 30 years
1
Which skin cancer mostly occurs at the site of moles and birthmarks? 1 Melanoma 2 Actinic keratosis 3 Basal cell carcinoma 4 Squamous cell carcinoma
1
Which skin infection is associated with postherpetic neuralgia? 1 Shingles 2 Cellulitis 3 Furuncle 4 Folliculitis
1
Which skin infection is characterized by the lesion depicted in the image?
1
Which surgical therapy involves the isolated lesion's cell destruction by local application of liquid nitrogen? 1 Cryosurgery 2 Mohs' surgery 3 Wide excision 4 Curettage and electrodesiccation
1
Which systemic drug is most commonly used to treat psoriasis? 1 Bexarotene 2 Azathioprine 3 Cyclosporine 4 Methotrexate
1
Which treatment strategy increases the risk of developing tumor lysis syndrome? 1 Chemotherapy 2 Antibiotic therapy 3 Antiemetic therapy 4 Benzodiazepine therapy
1
Which type of cancer has been associated with Down syndrome? 1 Leukemia 2 Breast cancer 3 Colorectal cancer 4 Malignant melanoma
1
Which type of cancer is resistant to radiation therapy? 1 Melanoma 2 Actinic keratoses 3 Basal cell carcinoma 4 Squamous cell carcinoma
1
Which type of skin disorder is seen in this patient? 1 Melanoma 2 Basal cell carcinoma 3 Squamous cell carcinoma 4 Stevens-Johnson syndrome
1
patient has an odorous purulent wound. How does the nurse bestsupport this patient? 1 Changes the dressing frequently 2 Encourages a diet high in protein 3 Suggests whirlpool therapy 4 Places room deodorizers in the room
1
A patient diagnosed with leukemia has developed an infection. What should the nurse tell the patient about the reason for the infection? Select all that apply. 1 "Impaired immune function occurs most often in patients with leukemia." 2 "Impaired blood-producing functions occur most often in patients with leukemia." 3 "Impaired immune functions are usually associated with other cancers." 4 "Impaired blood-producing functions rarely occur in patients with leukemia."
1, 2
A patient with chronic skin disorders complains of loss of vision. Which assessment finding made by the nurse confirms this diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1 Crusts 2 Vesicles 3 Erythema 4 Drug-induced reaction 5 Immunological reaction
1, 2
Which findings in the psychological assessment may be associated with disease-related consequences of cancer? Select all that apply. 1 Pain 2 Suffering 3 Peace 4 Acknowledgment 5 Attainment
1, 2
The effect of chemotherapy agents on normal cells in the body leads to side effects related to which elements? Select all that apply. 1 Skin 2 Hair 3 Nerve tissue 4 Intestinal tissue 5 Spermatocytes 6 Blood-forming cells
1, 2, 4, 5, 6
A patient receiving biological response modifiers (BRMs) for pancreatic cancer is experiencing confusion, fatigue, and numbness in the both the hands and feet. What does the nurse suspect is the cause? 1 Neurotoxicity 2 Metastatic cancer 3 Spinal cord compression 4 Trauma due to pathological fractures
1
A 72-year-old patient recovering from lung cancer surgery asks the nurse to explain how she developed cancer when she has never smoked. Which factor may explain the possible cause? 1 Advancing age 2 A history of cardiac disease 3 A diagnosis of diabetes treated with insulin and diet 4 An exercise regimen of jogging 3 miles four times a week
1
A patient has been diagnosed with Bloom syndrome. Which cancer is the patient at risk for developing in the future? 1 Leukemia 2 Meningioma 3 Breast cancer 4 Ovarian cancer
1
A patient has been ordered anthralin treatment for psoriasis. What does the nurse teach the patient about self-management of this drug? 1 Prevent drug contact with uninvolved skin. 2 Apply to the lesion for not more than 3 hours. 3 Apply the drug with care as it causes staining. 4 Place warm, moist dressings over the application.
1
A patient is being treated for multiple myeloma and is receiving paclitaxel during chemotherapy treatments. The nurse understands that this patient is most at risk for which condition? 1 Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) 2 Spinal cord compression (SCC) 3 Superior vena cava syndrome (SVC) 4 Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
1
A patient is diagnosed with urticaria. Which factor is responsible for this condition? 1 Allergy 2 Perspiration 3 Ultraviolet light 4 Non-alkaline soap
1
A patient tells the nurse, "My skin always looks dry even after I apply lotion." How should the nurse respond? 1 "Bathe in lukewarm water to prevent your skin from drying." 2 "Avoid wearing nylon stockings for more than 2 hours at a time." 3 "Leave oil-based soap on the skin while bathing instead of rinsing it off." 4 "Wear full-length pajamas instead of nightgowns while sleeping to protect the skin."
1
A patient who is on drug therapy for epilepsy reports diffused redness and large blisters on buccal mucosa. What could be the possible reason behind this condition? 1 Administration of barbiturates 2 Administration of pyrazolones 3 Administration of sulfonamides 4 Administration of benzodiazepines
1
A patient with a skin infection reports itching near the site of infection. Upon observation, the nurse notices annular patches with scaling on the foot. What could be the possible diagnosis? 1 Tinea pedis 2 Tinea capitis 3 Tinea manus 4 Tinea corporis
1
A patient with cancer is experiencing fatigue and weakness. The nurse anticipates that the patient may be experiencing symptoms related to what disorder? 1 Anemia 2 Infection 3 Metastasis 4 Neurotoxicity
1
A patient with psoriasis is prescribed topical corticosteroids. Which nursing instruction regarding medication usage would be beneficial to this patient? 1 "Check for local tissue reaction." 2 "Adhere to strict contraceptive measures." 3 "Use a moist dressing over the site for each application." 4 "Prevent the medication from coming into contact with uninvolved skin."
1
During morning rounds, the nurse discovers that an older adult patient has been incontinent during the night. To protect the skin, what does the nurse do first? 1 Clean the patient. 2 Apply a barrier cream. 3 Assess the area for skin breakdown. 4 Place the patient in a side-lying position.
1
How does the nurse measure a pressure injury that has formed in a patient's sacral area? 1 Trace the wound onto a plastic film daily. 2 Use a plastic tape for accurate measurement. 3 Measure the wound at the shortest width and length. 4 Assess the wound with 6 o'clock position in the direction of the head.
1
The nurse is assessing a patient with lung cancer. Which symptom does the nurse anticipate finding? 1 Dyspnea 2 Night sweats 3 Chest wound 4 Easy bruising
1
The nurse is providing information to a patient about self-management for the prevention of skin cancer. Which statement made by the patient needs correction? 1 "I will try to avoid sun exposure from 7 AM to 11 AM." 2 "I will wear a hat and sunglasses whenever I go out in sun." 3 "I will use sunscreens with an appropriate sun protection factor." 4 "I will examine my body every month for possible cancerous lesions."
1
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of four patients receiving cancer therapy. Which patient needs intravenous infusions containing glucose and insulin? 1 Patient A 2 Patient B 3 Patient C 4 Patient D
1
The nurse is reviewing the treatment regimen of four patients with cancer. Which patient is at a high risk for acute kidney injury? 1 Patient A 2 Patient B 3 Patient C 4 Patient D
1
The oncology nurse is caring for a group of patients receiving chemotherapy. The patient with which sign/symptom is displaying bone marrow suppression? Correct1 Hemoglobin of 7.4 and hematocrit of 21.8 2 Potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L and diarrhea Incorrect3 250,000 platelets/mm 3 4 5000 white blood cells/mm 3
1
What does the nurse tell an older patient and family about preventing skin cancer? 1 Report any change in a lesion. 2 Keep track of spots on the arms and legs. 3 Avoid exposure to the sun early in the morning. 4 Wear warm protective clothing during the day.
1
What is a known cause of skin cancer? 1 Tanning beds 2 Low-fiber diet 3 Intake of nitrites 4 Cigarette smoke
1
What is the underlying cause of urticaria? 1 Exposure to allergens 2 Aseptic surgical incision 3 Compression of underlying soft tissue 4 Distress caused by stimulation of itch-specific receptors
1
What method does the nurse use to measure the length of a patient's wound? 1 12 o'clock position to the 6 o'clock position 2 9 o'clock position and the 3 o'clock position 3 11 o'clock position to the 5 o'clock position 4 7 o'clock position to the 2 o'clock position
1
What process of wound healing involves the production of keratin? 1 Resurfacing 2 Granulation 3 Contraction 4 Re-epithelialization
1
Which chemotherapy agent inhibits cell division in cancer cells by cross-linking their deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and preventing the synthesis of DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA)? 1 Alkylating agents 2 Antimetabolites 3 Antimitotic agents 4 Antitumor antibiotics
1
Which chemotherapy drug is an alkylating agent? 1 Altretamine 2 Capecitabine 3 Erlotinib 4 Everolimus
1
Which condition may trigger recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in an otherwise healthy male? 1 Fatigue 2 Menses 3 Bell's palsy 4 Eye infection
1
Which description about genetic screening is correct? 1 It identifies genetic risk for specific cancers. 2 A positive test diagnoses cancer in the patient. 3 The test results are shared with the patient's family. 4 The tests are performed on cerebrospinal fluid samples.
1
Which disease may cause urticaria? 1 Cancer 2 Vasculitis 3 Lymphedema 4 Diabetes mellitus
1
Which form of dermatophytosis should the nurse document when the patient experiences the lesions in the groin? 1 Tinea cruris 2 Tinea pedis 3 Tinea manus 4 Tinea corporis
1
Which is a common causative drug of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)? 1 Pyrazolones 2 Tetracyclines 3 Opioid analgesics 4 Beta-blocking agents
1
Which medication acts as a strong irritant and causes chemical burns in patients with psoriasis? Correct1 Anthralin 2 Calcitriol 3 Tazarotene 4 Calcipotriene
1
Which of the following laboratory studies is used to monitor nutritional status in a patient with a healing pressure injury? 1 Prealbumin 2 Cholesterol levels 3 Serum triglycerides 4 Complete blood count
1
Which principles guide the nurse in planning care for a patient receiving radiation therapy? Select all that apply. 1 The inflammatory response to radiation can lead to internal tissue fibrosis and scarring that may cause changes years later. 2 Although the mechanism is not well understood, patients receiving radiation therapy even when focused to a specific field may experience significant fatigue. 3 The skin reaction seen with external beam radiation therapy is short-term only; once it is healed there is little need for concern. 4 Taste changes are only a concern for patients receiving radiation therapy to a field that includes the salivary glands in the mouth. 5 Radiation therapy is not regarded as a curative treatment for cancer.
1, 2
he nurse is teaching a patient with a furuncle about measures to prevent the spread of infection. Which statements made by the patient show ineffective learning? Select all that apply. 1 "I will squeeze the lesion." 2 "I will keep the lesion moist." 3 "I will apply acyclovir to the lesion." 4 "I will apply warm compresses to the lesion." 5 "I will bathe daily with an antibacterial soap."
1, 2
What are key points for the nurse to include in patient education about skin care during radiation therapy? Select all that apply. 1 Clean skin cautiously to avoid removing ink or dye markings. 2 Avoid exposure of the irradiated skin areas to heat or sun. 3 Protect the irradiated area with soft, nonconstrictive clothing. 4 Over-the-counter lotions and ointments may be used for soothing. 5 Use a washcloth rather than a loofah for cleansing.
1, 2, 3
What roles does pharmacogenomics play in cancer treatment? Select all that apply. 1 It allows a more individualized approach to chemotherapy. 2 It can determine the sensitivity to various therapeutic agents. 3 It can assist with side effect management during therapy. 4 It can determine the overall financial cost of planned therapy. 5 Its role is still to be determined due to its experimental status.
1, 2, 3
Which cancers may most often increase the risk for impaired immunity and blood-producing functions of the body? Select all that apply. 1 Leukemia 2 Myeloma 3 Lymphoma 4 Adenocarcinoma 5 Neurofibrosarcoma
1, 2, 3
Which patient outcomes would the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with a pressure injury that has deep-tissue destruction and drainage? Select all that apply. 1 Prevention of secondary infection 2 Promotion of wound healing 3 Restoration of baseline functioning 4 Prevention of any sensation of pain 5 Discharge to home within 48 hours
1, 2, 3
The notes reflect that a patient is experiencing cachexia. What findings would the nurse expect upon assessment? Select all that apply. 1 Fatigue 2 Weakness 3 Muscle wasting 4 Severe weight loss 5 Numbness and tingling
1, 2, 3, 4
Which risk categories are measured by the Braden Scale assessment tool? Select all that apply. 1 Mobility 2 Incontinence 3 Mental status 4 Nutritional status 5 Pressure distribution
1, 2, 3, 4
Which body tissue cells have the capacity of dividing throughout one's lifespan? Select all that apply. 1 Hair 2 Uterus 3 Bone marrow 4 Heart muscle 5 Stomach
1, 2, 3, 5
Which personal protective equipment (PPE) are necessary when preparing, giving, or disposing of chemotherapy drugs? Select all that apply. 1 Mask 2 Gown 3 Gloves 4 Head gear 5 Eye shield
1, 2, 3, 5
Which safety principles are correct about radiation therapy for patients with cancer? Select all that apply. 1 Brachytherapy is the placement of a radioactive source within the body, so all body excreta are radioactive during this time. 2 Unsealed isotopes are radioactive, so they should remain in sealed containers at all times, even during planned treatment. 3 Although stereotactic body radiotherapy uses a radiation source outside the body, the patient's excreta are radioactive. 4 All forms of radiation therapy involve the use of radioactive material and have the same risk for patients and staff. 5 Patients receiving "high dose rate" implants can go home during the several days of their therapy.
1, 2, 3, 5
An older patient has pruritus. What does the nurse tell the patient's caregiver about preventing disruption of skin integrity? Select all that apply. 1 Provide therapeutic baths. 2 Trim the patient's fingernails regularly. 3 Encourage a warm shower before bedtime. 4 Assist the patient to put on mittens or gloves. 5 Provide a warm environment to promote sleep.
1, 2, 4
The nurse finds that a patient has late manifestations of superior vena cava syndrome. Which findings enable the nurse to reach this conclusion? Select all that apply. 1 Cyanosis 2 Hemorrhage 3 Tightness of shirt collar 4 Mental status changes 5 Edema around the eyes
1, 2, 4
What are the common modes of cancer metastasis? Select all that apply. 1 Lymphatic 2 Bloodborne 3 Viral particles 4 Extension into surrounding tissues 5 Direct contact with another person with cancer
1, 2, 4
A nurse is assessing a patient with incontinence. Which substances may be responsible for skin breakdown in the patient? Select all that apply. 1 Urea 2 Yeast 3 Nitrogen 4 Bacteria 5 Enzymes
1, 2, 4, 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who also has thrombocytopenia. What has likely caused the thrombocytopenia? Select all that apply. 1 Impaired immune function 2 Impaired platelet production 3 Impaired tissue oxygenation 4 Impaired bone marrow function 5 Impaired blood-producing function
1, 2, 4, 5
The nurse is providing education to a patient receiving chemotherapy who is experiencing sensory motor deficit. What should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. 1 Certain chemotherapy agents cause pain. 2 Certain chemotherapy agents cause modified gait. 3 Certain chemotherapy agents cause little pain. 4 Certain chemotherapy agents cause altered sensation. 5 Certain chemotherapy agents cause peripheral neuropathy.
1, 2, 4, 5
Which factors can impair wound healing in a patient with a deep tissue injury? Select all that apply. 1 Aging 2 Diabetes 3 Constipation 4 Chronic stress 5 Protein deficiency
1, 2, 4, 5
Which neurologic conditions can increase a patient's risk for pressure injury formation? Select all that apply. 1 Stroke 2 Head injury 3 Migraine pain 4 Alzheimer's disease 5 Organic brain disease
1, 2, 4, 5
Which drug is used to treat both scabies and pediculosis? 1 Ivermectin 2 Permethrin 3 Famciclovir 4 Cephalosporins
2
A patient with psoriasis who is on biologic therapy has developed an infection. What would be the priority nursing interventions to treat this patient? Select all that apply. 1 Discontinuing the medication 2 Advising the patient to use antibiotics 3 Notifying the primary health care provider 4 Performing physical examination of the patient 5 Advise the patient to have a complete blood test
1, 3
A patient with small cell lung cancer is receiving radiation therapy. After reviewing the patient's laboratory reports, the nurse finds that the treatment is effective. Which finding indicates a positive outcome of treatment? Select all that apply. 1 Increased uric acid levels 2 Decreased glucose levels 3 Increased potassium levels 4 Decreased red blood cell count 5 Increased white blood cell count
1, 3
What are some of the precautions to be taken in providing nursing care to patients with sealed radioactive implants? Select all that apply. 1 Assign the patient to a private room with a private bath. 2 Use a shared dosimeter film badge for the patient. 3 Wear a lead apron during care, keeping the apron between the nurse and the patient. 4 After 12 weeks of pregnancy, pregnant nurses may care for these patients. 5 Remove linens and dressings from the room immediately after use.
1, 3
The nurse is teaching a diet plan to a cancer patient suffering from malnutrition. Which statements should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "You should include meat in your diet." 2 "You should include butter in your diet." 3 "You should include soybean in your diet." 4 "You should include bread and pasta in your diet." 5 "You should include green leafy vegetables in your diet."
1, 3, 4
The nurse is teaching a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection about measures to prevent the spread of the infection. Which statements made by the patient show effective learning? Select all that apply. 1 "I will dry my clothes in a hot dryer." 2 "I will wash all soiled clothes in cold water." 3 "I will shower daily using antibacterial soap." 4 "I will change the bandage when it is draining." 5 "I will cover the infected skin with moist bandages."
1, 3, 4
What are the features of a normal cell? Select all that apply. 1 Low mitotic index 2 Anaplastic 3 Tight adherence 4 Euploidy 5 Migratory
1, 3, 4
When caring for the patient receiving cancer chemotherapy, which signs or symptoms related to thrombocytopenia should the nurse report to the health care provider? Select all that apply. 1 Bruises 2 Fever 3 Petechiae 4 Epistaxis 5 Pallor
1, 3, 4
Which factors are indicative of altered gastrointestinal function secondary to cancer as a disease? Select all that apply. 1 Bowel obstruction due to external compression 2 Failure to adhere to the recommended dietary plan 3 Decreased appetite due to taste changes 4 Imbalance between food intake and energy use 5 Decreased appetite due to decreased metabolic rate
1, 3, 4
A patient with cancer is receiving morphine sulfate to manage pain. The nurse finds that the patient has muscle cramps, fatigue, and loss of appetite. The patient's laboratory report indicates serum sodium levels of 118 mEq/L. Which interventions would be beneficial for the patient in this situation? Select all that apply. 1 Limiting fluid intake 2 Administering heparin 3 Offering alkaline fluids 4 Adding extra salt in the diet 5 Administering bisphosphonate
1, 4
The nurse is evaluating how much a patient retained after teaching ways to prevent dry skin. Which statements made by the patient need correction? Select all that apply. 1 "Apply alcohol or astringents to the skin." 2 "I should pat rather than rub my skin dry." 3 "I should add oil to the water at the end of the bath." 4 "I should use deodorant soap instead of non-alkaline soap." 5 "I should take a complete bath or shower only every other day."
1, 4
Which body cells have the ability to wander throughout the body despite not being cancerous in origin? Select all that apply. 1 Platelets 2 Neurons 3 Nerve cells 4 Leukocytes 5 Cardiac cells
1, 4
A patient with chronic psoriasis is prescribed anthralin. Which nursing instructions regarding the medication usage would be beneficial to the patient? Select all that apply. 1 "Check for local tissue reactions." 2 "Check for erythema and blister formation." 3 "Wear eye protection while applying the drug." 4 "Apply the drug to each lesion and leave it on for shorter periods." 5 "Prevent the drug from coming into contact with uninvolved skin."
1, 4, 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with bone metastasis. Which disease-related consequence may this patient experience? Select all that apply. 1 Pain 2 Bleeding 3 Trauma 4 Hypercalcemia 5 Pathological fractures
1, 4, 5
Which conditions can make the symptoms of urticaria worse? Select all that apply. 1 Overexertion 2 Non-alkaline soap 3 Superfatted soap 4 Warm environment 5 Alcohol consumption
1, 4, 5
Which factors may hamper the natural wound healing process? Select all that apply. 1 Infection 2 Constipation 3 Cool environments 4 Unrelieved pressure 5 Mechanical obstacles
1, 4, 5
Why would a patient with an abdominal tumor suffer from malnutrition? Select all that apply. 1 Altered taste 2 Sensory deficits 3 Increased waste elimination 4 Imbalance between food intake and energy use 5 Altered gastrointestinal tract structure
1, 4, 5
The nurse is caring for several patients with cancer. Which conditions does the nurse monitor for due to their status as oncological emergencies? Select all that apply. 1 Sepsis 2 Alopecia 3 Bone marrow suppression 4 Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) 5 Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy 6 Syndrome of inappropriate antidiurhetic hormone (SIADH)
1, 4, 6
A patient with mild folliculitis failed to respond to topical antibiotics. What would be the drug of choice to treat this? Select all that apply. 1 Oral clindamycin 2 Oral tetracyclines 3 Oral ketoconazole 4 Intravenous penicillins 5 Intravenous vancomycin
1, 5
For patients undergoing surgery for cancer treatment, what specific cancer-related needs are critical nursing priorities? Select all that apply. 1 Psychosocial support for the patient and family 2 Teaching regarding the risk of ventilator-associated infection 3 Teaching self-care for dressing changes 4 Risk of antibiotic-resistant infections 5 Achieving or maintaining maximum function
1, 5
The home health nurse is caring for an older patient confined to bed. What interventions does the nurse take to prevent pressure injuries in the patient? Select all that apply. 1 Place a bed pillow under the ankles. 2 Massage bony prominences twice a day. 3 Keep the head of the bed elevated to 40 degrees. 4 Perform a weekly assessment of the patient's skin. 5 Keep the patient's skin directly off plastic surfaces.
1, 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia. Which observation by the nurse requires immediate intervention? Select all that apply. 1 A friend brings a live plant to the patient. 2 Food is delivered to patient with disposable dishes and utensils. 3 All friends and family wear masks, gowns, and gloves when visiting. 4 The family brings the patient's favorite foods: chocolate cake and cookies. 5 The patient eats a steak cooked rare with fresh fruit and vegetables.
1, 5
The nurse is evaluating a student nurse after teaching about the use of antihistamines for pruritus. Which statements made by the student nurse indicate the need for further learning? Select all that apply. 1 "Antihistamines are used to treat skin trauma." 2 "Using topical drugs under occlusive dressing increases the dose being delivered." 3 "Monitor the patient's response so that the dosage can be adjusted as needed." 4 "Prevent occluding treated areas unless prescribed by the primary health care provider." 5 "The effectiveness of many topical agents is decreased if the drug is applied to slightly damp skin."
1, 5
Which are common complications of pressure injuries? Select all that apply. 1 Sepsis 2 Uremia 3 Diabetes 4 Cirrhosis 5 Kidney failure
1, 5
Which statements about intravenous (IV) administration of chemotherapy are correct? Select all that apply. 1 Vesicant agents are very caustic to tissue if infiltration occurs. 2 IV chemotherapy administration requires nurses with advanced-practice degrees and special training. 3 The responsibility for monitoring the patient receiving IV chemotherapy rests with the nurse giving the drug. 4 IV chemotherapy results in fewer side effects than oral chemotherapy due to rapid absorption. 5 IV chemotherapy is the preferred route of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer.
1, 5
Which disease-related consequences are often caused by cancer? Select all that apply. 1 Infection 2 Increased lung capacity 3 Decreased clotting time 4 Decreased metabolic rate 5 Decreased nutritional absorption
1,5
What is the concentration of oxygen used in hyperbaric oxygen therapy to facilitate wound healing? Record your answer using a whole number. ___ %
100
A patient has a chronic pressure injury with a cavity-like defect. Which type of intention helps in healing the wound? 1 First 2 Third 3 Fourth 4 Second
2
A patient has a glioblastoma. The nurse begins to plan care for this patient with which type of cancer? 1 Liver 2 Brain 3 Fatty tissue 4 Smooth muscle
2
A patient has folliculitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What does the nurse instruct the patient and family about preventing the spread of MRSA? 1 Bathe daily using a nonalkaline soap. 2 Change the bandage whenever drainage seeps through. 3 Wash the infected skin areas before washing uninfected areas. 4 Wash soiled clothing in warm water and dry outside in the sun.
2
A patient has pruritus. Which measure is used to reduce skin damage from scratching and prevent secondary infection? 1 Avoid mittens or splints at night. 2 Keep the fingernails trimmed short. 3 Maintain a warm sleeping environment. 4 Apply an astringent to the skin after bathing.
2
A patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The nurse finds that the patient has neck vein distention, muscle cramps, decreased appetite, and a bounding pulse. Which laboratory parameter needs to be assessed in the patient? 1 Serum calcium levels 2 Serum sodium levels 3 White blood cell count 4 International normalized ratio
2
A patient who is receiving drug therapy for urticaria reports an increasing sedative effect. The patient admits to consuming alcohol on a daily basis. Which category of medication could be the reason for this condition? 1 Antibiotics 2 Antihistamines 3 Cytotoxic drugs 4 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
2
A patient with a history of a leg ulcer reports pain and redness in the same area. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the area to be edematous, warm, and tender on palpation with noticeable lymphadenopathy. What should the nurse suspect the patient to be experiencing with these symptoms? 1 Shingles 2 Cellulitis 3 Furuncle 4 Candidiasis
2
A patient with cancer reports back pain, a sensation of heaviness in the legs, numbness in the hands, and an inability to distinguish hot and cold. Which complication does the nurse expect in the patient? 1 Peripheral neuropathy 2 Spinal cord compression 3 Superior vena cava syndrome 4 Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
2
A patient with cancer reports skeletal pain, abdominal discomfort, and altered cognition. The serum level of calcium is found to be high. What is the immediate nursing intervention for this patient? 1 Dialysis 2 Oral hydration 3 IV hydration of normal saline 4 Administration of oral glucocorticoids
2
A patient with metastatic breast cancer experiences severe nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy and is unable to eat. What is the nurse's most appropriate action? 1 Provide nutritional counseling. 2 Administer antiemetic medications as prescribed. 3 Encourage the patient to eat prior to chemotherapy. 4 Encourage the patient to eat immediately after chemotherapy.
2
A patient's blood tests reveal the presence of human papilloma virus. Which diet should the nurse recommend to the patient? 1 Low-fiber 2 Low animal fat 3 High in protein, such as red meat 4 Use of artificial sweeteners rather than sugar
2
During the follow-up visit, a patient reports the spontaneous disappearance and reappearance of small maculae with dry, yellow adherent scales on the skin. Which type of skin cancer does the nurse suspect in this patient? 1 Melanoma 2 Actinic keratosis 3 Basal cell carcinoma 4 Squamous cell carcinoma
2
The nurse anticipates that a patient with a deep necrotizing wound caused by a brown recluse spider bite may require which type of healing therapy? 1 Nutrition therapy 2 Hyperbaric oxygen 3 Topical growth factors 4 Vacuum-assisted wound closurev
2
The nurse finds that a patient with thymoma has hemorrhage, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, and cyanosis, and reports to the primary health care provider. What is the ideal nursing action in this situation?
2
The nurse is assessing a patient who is suspected to have shingles. Which question asked by the nurse would be most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis? 1 "Do you have pets in your home?" 2 "Do you have a history of chickenpox?" 3 "Do you participate in athletics frequently?" 4 "Do you share your clothes with others with skin infections?"
2
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving rituximab for treatment of lymphoma. During the infusion, it is essential for the nurse to observe for which side effect? 1 Alopecia 2 Allergy 3 Fever 4 Chills
2
The nurse is caring for a patient with superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. Which causative factor does the nurse expect to find in the patient's history? 1 Hypercalcemia 2 Lymphoma tumors in the mediastinum 3 Chemotherapy for germ cell tumors 4 Vertebral collapse from tumor degradation
2
The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with a stage 3 pressure injury that is infected. Which assessment finding indicates proteus colonization of the wound? 1 Creamy yellowish pus 2 Beige pus with a fishy odor 3 Brownish pus with a fecal odor 4 Greenish-blue pus with a fruity odor
2
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results on a patient receiving chemotherapy. Which result should the nurse report to the provider immediately? 1 Hemoglobin 11.9 g/L 2 White blood cells 1.5/μL 3 Platelets 135,000/μL 4 Red blood cells 4.2/μL
2
The nurse is reviewing the treatment regimen of four patients with cancer. Which patient is receiving effective treatment? 1 Patient A 2 Patient B 3 Patient C 4 Patient D
2
The nurse is teaching a 47-year-old woman about recommended screening practices for breast cancer. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the nurse's instructions? 1 "I get a mammogram every 2 years since I turned 30." 2 "My mother and grandmother had breast cancer, so I am at risk." 3 "A clinical breast examination is performed every month since I turned 40." 4 "A computed tomography (CT) scan will be done every year after I turn 50."
2
The nurse is teaching a patient who has a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching? 1 "I should wear clean clothes only." 2 "I should replace my bandage every eight hours." 3 "I should use hot water and detergent when I do laundry." 4 "I should cover the infected area with clean, dry bandages."
2
The nurse is turning a patient with metastatic cancer. When repositioning the patient, what should the nurse keep in mind? 1 The patient may be experiencing nausea. 2 Extra care must be taken to avoid fractures. 3 The patient may experience unexplained bleeding. 4 Extra care must be taken to prevent extreme body wasting.
2
The nurse monitors fluid overload in a patient with a cancer-associated syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. What risk does the nurse prevent in the patient through this intervention? 1 Infection 2 Heart failure 3 Hypovolemic shock 4 Deep vein thrombosis
2
The nurse will discourage excessive consumption of which food for a patient who wishes to decrease the risk of cancer? 1 Bran 2 Bacon 3 Citrus fruit 4 Yellow vegetables
2
The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about providing the emotional support to a patient with psoriasis. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates the need for further teaching? 1 "I will inform the patient that appearance may alter due to disease." 2 "I will wear gloves while touching the patient during social interactions." 3 "I will encourage the patient to express his or her feelings about having an incurable skin problem." 4 "I will place a hand on the patient's shoulder when explaining the procedure."
2
What immediate action should the nurse take if extravasation occurs during vesicant chemotherapy administration? 1 Inform the oncologist 2 Withdraw the vesicant infusion 3 Apply cold compress on the affected area 4 Inject the antidote at the site of extravasation
2
What is the dosage frequency of adalimumab? 1 Infusions at 0, 2, and 6 weeks, then every 8 weeks 2 Loading dose followed by maintenance dose every other week 3 Twice weekly for 3 months followed by once-a-week injections 4 Once a week for 12 weeks followed by a 12-week drug-free interval
2
What is the most common site for the metastasis of lung cancer? 1 Bone 2 Brain 3 Liver 4 Pancreas
2
What is the nurse's primary focus in the management of urticaria? 1 Increased patient comfort 2 Removal of triggering substance 3 Prevention of skin injury with loss of tissue integrity 4 Checking for the presence of necrotic tissue and amount of exudates
2
What should the nurse include in the plan of care when a patient reports itching? 1 Keep the patient's room warm. 2 Keep the patient's fingernails trimmed and filed. 3 Advise the patient to take a shower on a daily basis. 4 Advise the patient to drink iced tea at bedtime to promote sleep.
2
When caring for the patient with hyperuricemia associated with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), for which medication does the nurse anticipate an order? 1 Recombinant erythropoietin 2 Allopurinol 3 Potassium chloride 4 Radioactive iodine 131 ( 131I)
2
Which clinical manifestation is observed during the inflammatory phase of wound healing? 1 Itching 2 Erythema 3 Injuries on the body surface 4 White edematous papules
2
Which complication does the nurse expect in a patient who has multiple myeloma? 1 Amnesia 2 Hypercalcemia 3 Superior vena cava syndrome 4 Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
2
Which condition may worsen itching in patients with pre-existing pruritus? 1 Dehydration 2 Perspiration 3 Overexertion 4 Alcohol consumption
2
Which features are associated with basal cell carcinoma? 1 Small papule with dry, rough, adherent yellow scales. 2 Pearly papule with a central crater and rolled waxy borders. 3 Firm nodular lesions topped with a crust with a central area of ulceration. 4 Irregular shaped, pigmented papule, and variegated colors with red tones.
2
Which of the following is the most common type of psoriasis? 1 Axillary psoriasis 2 Psoriasis vulgaris 3 Exfoliative psoriasis 4 Palmoplantar psoriasis
2
Which oncologic emergency is a positive sign of the effectiveness of chemotherapy? 1 Hypercalcemia 2 Tumor lysis syndrome 3 Spinal cord compression 4 Superior vena cava syndrome
2
Which organism is associated with "hitch-hiking" infestation? 1 Scabies mite 2 Cimex lectularius 3 Pediculosis capitis 4 Bacillus anthracis
2
Which skin care precaution will the nurse teach the patient who is undergoing radiation therapy? 1 Clean the therapy site with a washcloth 2 Wear soft clothing over the radiation site 3 Dry the irradiated area with a rubbing motion 4 Wash the irradiated area with alcohol after treatment
2
Which skin infection would cause a patient to report facial drooping? 1 Candidiasis 2 Herpes zoster 3 Herpes simplex 4 Dermatophytosis
2
Which skin inflammation is characterized by extreme itching? 1 Drug eruption 2 Atopic dermatitis 3 Contact dermatitis 4 Nonspecific eczematous dermatitis
2
Which statement about the process of malignant transformation is correct? 1 Nutrition of cancer cells is provided by tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF) in the promotion stage. 2 Insulin and estrogen enhance the division of an initiated cell during the promotion phase. 3 Tumors form when carcinogens invade the gene structure of the cell in the latency phase. 4 Mutation of genes is an irreversible event that always leads to cancer development in the initiation phase.
2
Which type of allergy is associated with linear streaks of vesicles? 1 Latex Correct2 Plants Incorrect3 Nickel 4 Toothpaste
2
Which type of skin disorder is seen in the patient? 1 Psoriasis vulgaris 2 Squamous cell carcinoma 3 Stevens-Johnson syndrome 4 Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
2
he nurse finds that a patient with thymoma has hemorrhage, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, and cyanosis, and reports to the primary health care provider. What is the ideal nursing action in this situation? 1 Observing the electrocardiogram 2 Performing radiographic imaging 3 Checking serum phosphate levels 4 Checking serum potassium levels
2
n teaching a patient about skin cancer prevention, which instruction does the nurse include? 1 "If you feel you must tan, use a tanning bed." 2 "Avoid sun exposure between 11 AM and 3 PM." 3 "Wear transparent clothing to protect your skin from the sun." 4 "Examine your skin quarterly for possible cancerous or precancerous lesions."
2
A nurse is caring for a patient whose cancer has spread to the brain. What does the nurse anticipate this patient may experience? Select all that apply. 1 Cachexia 2 Confusion 3 Gait changes 4 Increased mentation 5 Numbness and tingling
2, 3
The nurse is asking a student nurse about the phases of wound healing. Which statements made by the student nurse indicate the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "In the inflammatory phase, white blood cells migrate into the wound." 2 "In the inflammatory phase, the immediate response is vasodilatation." 3 "In the proliferative phase, collagen is reorganized to provide greater tensile strength." 4 "In the inflammatory phase, immediate responses are vasoconstriction and clot formation." 5 "In the proliferative phase collagen, together with ground substance, builds tough and inflexible scar tissue."
2, 3
Which hepatitis viruses may cause liver cancer? Select all that apply. 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E
2, 3
The nurse finds that a cancer patient has greater fluid retention due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Which finding, during assessment, supports the nurse's conclusion? Select all that apply. 1 Anemia 2 Confusion 3 Weight gain 4 Extreme muscle weakness 5 Erythema of the upper body
2, 3, 4
The nurse is teaching a patient about cancer warning signs. Which signs/symptoms does the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1 A sore that heals quickly 2 Unusual bleeding and discharge 3 Change in bowel or bladder habits 4 Nagging cough or a hoarse voice 5 Long-lasting warts without any observable change
2, 3, 4
Which are characteristics of benign tumors? Select all that apply. 1 Invasion 2 Encapsulation 3 Tight adherence 4 Absence of migration 5 Increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio
2, 3, 4
Which instructions should the nurse provide to a patient to protect the skin during radiation therapy? Select all that apply. 1 "Change the wound dressings periodically." 2 "Wear soft clothing over the skin at the radiation site." 3 "Only go outdoors in the early morning or evening." 4 "Wash the irradiated area gently with either soap and water or water only." 5 "Dry the irradiated area in a rubbing motion with a clean, soft cloth."
2, 3, 4
Which questions should the nurse ask a patient suspected of having psoriasis? Select all that apply. 1 "Do you have a history of diabetes?" 2 "Do you have a history of skin trauma?" 3 "Do you have a history of hypertension?" 4 "Do you have a family history of psoriasis?" 5 "Do you have a family history of hypertension?"
2, 3, 4
A patient who is hospitalized has been diagnosed with Epstein-Barr viral infection. What are future malignancies that the patient is at risk for developing? Select all that apply. 1 Cervical cancer 2 B-cell lymphoma 3 Burkitt's lymphoma 4 Primary liver cancer 5 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2, 3, 5
The nurse assesses a patient's leg ulcer and notices redness, pain, and swelling around the wound along with fever and lymphadenopathy. The patient's medical record reveals an allergy to penicillin. What would be effective medications to treat this infection? Select all that apply. 1 Acyclovir 2 Macrolide 3 Tetracycline 4 Ketoconazole 5 Aminoglycoside
2, 3, 5
What systemic disease causes itching without skin lesions? 1 Uremia 2 Leukemia 3 Liver disease 4 Pulmonary insufficiency
3
The nurse is assessing a lesion in a patient with psoriasis. Which information should the nurse obtain from this patient? Select all that apply. 1 Age of the patient 2 Presence of itching 3 Time of disease onset 4 History of current medication 5 Description of disease progression
2, 3, 5
What are the common cancers related to tobacco use? Select all that apply. 1 Cardiac cancer 2 Lung cancer 3 Cancer of the tongue 4 Skin cancer 5 Cancer of the larynx
2, 3, 5
Which are potential problems for patients who are receiving hormonal therapy for cancer? Select all that apply. 1 Peripheral neuropathy 2 Liver dysfunction 3 Thromboembolism 4 Hypocalcemia 5 Acne
2, 3, 5
Which complications may occur due to bone metastasis? Select all that apply. Incorrect1 Hypoxia Correct2 Fractures Correct3 Hypercalcemia Incorrect4 Poor tissue oxygenation Correct5 Spinal cord compression
2, 3, 5
While caring for a patient with renal cell carcinoma, the nurse documents the patient's complaints of fatigue. Which other symptoms cause the nurse to suspect that the patient's serum calcium level has increased? Select all that apply. 1 Diarrhea 2 Altered cognition 3 Abdominal discomfort 4 Decreased urine output 5 Increased deep tendon reflexes
2, 3, 5
A patient with cancer is experiencing hypercalcemia. The nurse assesses the patient for what symptoms? Select all that apply. 1 Diarrhea 2 Skeletal pain 3 Increased appetite 4 Irregular heart rate 5 Increased urine output
2, 4, 5
What can be the consequences if superior vena cava syndrome is left untreated? Select all that apply. 1 Edema of the face 2 Engorged blood vessels 3 Tightness of blouse or shirt 4 Erythema of the upper body 5 Edema in the arms and hands
2, 4, 5
What manifestations may indicate spinal cord compression (SCC) in a patient with cancer? Select all that apply. 1 Cyanosis 2 Back pain 3 Hemorrhage 4 Muscle weakness 5 Sensation of heaviness in arms and legs
2, 4, 5
Which conditions should a nurse identify in a patient as a cause of gram negative sepsis? Select all that apply. 1 Asthma 2 Cirrhosis 3 Glaucoma 4 Metabolic acidosis 5 Intravascular hemolysis
2, 4, 5
Which processes are required for restoring skin integrity? Select all that apply. 1 Maturation 2 Granulation 3 Inflammation 4 Re-epithelialization 5 Wound contraction
2, 4, 5
A newly graduated RN has just finished a 6-week orientation to the oncology unit. Which patient is most appropriate to assign to the new graduate? 1 30-year-old with acute lymphocytic leukemia who will receive combination chemotherapy today 2 40-year-old with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting who has had no urine output for 16 hours 3 45-year-old with pancytopenia who will require IV administration of erythropoietin 4 72-year-old with tumor lysis syndrome who is receiving normal saline IV at a rate of 250 mL/hr
3
A patient has an obstructive airway tumor. The family asks the nurse to explain the patient's condition. What information should the nurse provide to the family to prepare them for the patient's imminent death? 1 "The tumor is causing cachexia and poor gas exchange." 2 "The tumor is causing 'chemo brain' and poor gas exchange." 3 "The tumor is closing off the airway and causing poor gas exchange." 4 "The tumor is causing a biological moderation response and poor gas exchange."
3
A patient is diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma. Which surgical technique would be effective in treating this condition? 1 Cryosurgery 2 Wide excision 3 Mohs' surgery 4 Curettage and electrodissection
3
A patient receiving chemotherapy develops tumor lysis syndrome. What instructions regarding diet should the nurse provide to the patient to prevent complications? 1 "You must avoid alkaline fluids." 2 "You must include seafood in your diet." 3 "You must drink at least 3000 ml of water daily." 4 "You must include green leafy vegetables in your diet."
3
A patient who is on chemotherapy reports diffuse redness and large blisters on the inner side of the lower lip. What could be the possible diagnosis? 1 Psoriasis 2 Skin cancer 3 Toxic epidermal necrolysis 4 Stevens-Johnson syndrome
3
A patient with a pediculosis skin infection reports itching and skin abrasions from scratching. What would be the drug of choice? 1 Acyclovir 2 Penicillin 3 Malathion 4 Ketoconazole
3
A patient with a skin infection in the axilla reports a small, red lesion filled with pus. Upon assessment, the nurse notices the area to be erythematous and tender on palpation with noticeable lymphadenopathy. What could be the possible diagnosis? 1 Shingles 2 Cellulitis 3 Furuncle 4 Folliculitis
3
A patient with a skin infection in the chin area reports small, red patches filled with fluid and hair in the center of the lesion. What should the nurse infer from these findings? 1 The patient has shingles. 2 The patient has cellulitis. 3 The patient has folliculitis. 4 The patient has a furuncle.
3
A patient with cancer is admitted to the hospital following a syncopal episode. What laboratory finding would the nurse suspect may be the cause? 1 Red blood cells 4.8/μL 2 White blood cells 7.1 μL 3 Hemoglobin 5.1 g/dL 4 Platelets 312,000/μL
3
A patient with small cell lung cancer is administered cisplatin as a short-term infusion in normal saline. Which cytoprotectant is given prior to cisplatin to decrease kidney damage? 1 Mesna 2 Sucralfate 3 Amifostine 4 Misoprostol
3
A patient with terminal cancer asks about the potential for chronic pain. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
3
When caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy, the nurse plans care during the nadir of bone marrow activity to prevent which complication? 1 Drug toxicity 2 Polycythemia 3 Infection 4 Dose-limiting side effects
3
A student nurse is positioning a patient to prevent the development of a pressure injury. The student's nursing instructor should intervene when the student performs what action? 1 Places pillows between two bony surfaces 2 Keeps the patient's skin directly off plastic surfaces 3 Keeps the head of the bed elevated above 30 degrees to prevent shearing 4 Uses a mechanical lift to move an immobile patient from the bed to another surface
3
An older adult patient with a skin infection reports itching at the infection site, along with fever and malaise. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the patient to be immunosuppressed. Which drug does the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe? 1 Topical clindamycin 2 Topical ketoconazole 3 Intravenous acyclovir 4 Intravenous vancomycin
3
Based on the given data, which patient is highly susceptible to herpes zoster infection? 1 Patient A 2 Patient B 3 Patient C 4 Patient D
3
Breast reconstruction after a mastectomy is an example of which surgery type? 1 Second-look 2 Palliative 3 Reconstructive 4 Prophylactic
3
Colonoscopy results indicate that a patient has polyps in the colon region. The primary health care provider (PHP) recommends surgery to remove the polyps because of the patient's strong family history of cancer. The nurse recognizes that which type of surgery has been suggested? 1 Palliative surgery 2 Diagnostic surgery 3 Prophylactic surgery 4 Rehabilitative surgery
3
How are malignant tumor cells that are graded G 1 characterized? 1 They are moderately differentiated. 2 They do not retain any feature of the original cell. 3 They closely resemble the cells from which they were produced. 4 They are poorly differentiated but their origin can be established.
3
The nurse is assessing an older patient diagnosed with a chronic non-healing wound. Which condition could be the probable reason for the patient's condition? 1 Perspiration 2 Emotional stress 3 Inadequate nutrition 4 Increased temperature
3
The nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who requires weight maintenance due to altered GI structure and function. What is the best nutritional support for this patient? 1 High fat 2 Low protein 3 High carbohydrate 4 High magnesium
3
The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of interventions for pressure injury management. Which diagnostic test result with an increased level indicates patient progress and effective health care team collaboration? 1 Calcium 2 Hematocrit 3 Serum albumin 4 Numbers of immature white blood cells (WBCs)
3
The nurse is giving a group presentation on cancer prevention and recognition. Which statement by an older adult patient indicates understanding of the nurse's instructions? 1 "Cigarette smoking always causes lung cancer." 2 "Taking multivitamins will prevent me from developing cancer." 3 "I need to report the pain going down my legs to my health care provider." 4 "If I have only one shot of whiskey a day, I probably will not develop cancer."
3
The nurse is teaching a patient about decreasing the risk for melanomas and other skin cancers. Which primary prevention technique is most important for the nurse to include? 1 Avoiding tanning beds 2 Wearing SPF 40 sunscreen 3 Avoiding or reducing skin exposure to sunlight 4 Being aware of skin markings and performing skin self-examination
3
The nurse is teaching a patient ways to reduce skin inflammation. Which statement made by the patient shows effective learning? 1 "I will soak in a hot bath with Epsom salt." 2 "I will use oil-based ointments in skin fold areas." 3 "I will add cornstarch to the water before bathing." 4 "I will apply topical steroids when I wear occlusive dressings."
3
The nurse presents a cancer prevention program to teens. Which instruction will have the greatest impact in cancer prevention? 1 Avoid asbestos. 2 Wear sunscreen. 3 Do not smoke cigarettes. 4 Get the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine.
3
The nursing instructor reviews instructions with the nursing student on caring for an older adult patient with a pressure injury. What action by the nursing student indicates a need for further instruction about proper skin care for this patient? 1 Avoids reddened areas 2 Uses a moisturizing lotion 3 Massages bony prominences 4 Repositions the patient every 1 to 2 hours
3
The oncology nurse should use which intervention to prevent disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)? 1 Monitoring platelets. 2 Administering packed red blood cells. 3 Using strict aseptic technique to prevent infection. 4 Administering low-dose heparin therapy for patients on bedrest.
3
The wound care nurse is teaching staff nurses to recognize pressure injuries in different stages. Which characteristics would indicate a stage 4 injury? 1 The depth of the wound is obscured by eschar. 2 The skin area is red and there are blood-filled blisters. 3 There is exposed bone or muscle, or the presence of a sinus. 4 The skin is broken in a shallow crater pattern, and there is no bruising.
3
To which other site does prostate cancer commonly metastasize? 1 Lung 2 Liver 3 Spine 4 Pancreas
3
What condition can greatly increase the risk of accelerated tissue destruction in a patient with pressure injuries? 1 Mechanical obstacles 2 Decrease in skin moisture 3 Negative nitrogen balance 4 Exposure to ultraviolet light
3
What does the nurse teach the older patient about self-management during bathing? 1 Ensure that the bath water is hot. 2 Add oil to the water prior to bathing. 3 Take a complete bath every other day. 4 Use deodorant soap and rinse thoroughly from the skin.
3
What is the best way for the nurse to prevent a patient's stage I pressure injury from advancing to stage II? 1 Massage the reddened areas. 2 Pad the injury. 3 Promote mobility and/or frequent repositioning. 4 Suggest an egg crate mattress.
3
What nursing action would be most appropriate for a cancer patient who is experiencing anorexia? 1 Place a feeding tube 2 Advise to eat three balanced meals daily 3 Advise a diet high in protein and carbohydrates 4 Decrease frequency of treatments
3
What physical symptom is a nurse caring for a patient with neutropenia most alert for and reports immediately? 1 High fever 2 Skin alterations 3 Any temperature elevation 4 Drainage from recent surgical wounds
3
When caring for the patient with chemotherapy-induced mucositis, which intervention will be most helpful? 1 Administering a biological response modifier. 2 Encouraging oral care with commercial mouthwash. 3 Providing oral care with a disposable mouth swab. 4 Maintaining NPO status until the lesions have resolved.
3
When the nurse is counseling a 60-year-old African-American male patient with all of these risk factors for lung cancer, teaching should focus most on which risk factor? 1 Gender 2 Ethnicity 3 Tobacco use 4 Increased age
3
Which component is released into the bloodstream after the destruction of tumor cells? 1 Calcium 2 Sodium 3 Potassium 4 Magnesium
3
Which condition in a patient with cancer facilitates the entry of its own normal flora through a site of skin breakdown to cause severe infection? 1 Anemia 2 Eosinophilia 3 Neutropenia 4 Thrombocytopenia
3
Which condition is characterized by the presence of a rash of white or red edematous papules? 1 Pruritus 2 Trauma 3 Urticaria 4 Pressure injuries
3
Which medication has the potential to cause teratogenic effects in a patient with psoriasis? 1 Anthralin 2 Calcitriol 3 Tazarotene 4 Calcipotriene
3
Which nursing interventions can the nurse working in a long-term care facility delegate to a nursing assistant? 1 Use the Braden scale to determine pressure injury risk for a newly admitted patient. 2 Complete daily sterile dressing changes for a patient with a venous leg ulcer. 3 Every 2 hours, reposition a patient who has had a stroke and is incontinent. 4 Admit a newly transferred patient who had pedicle flap surgery 1 week ago.
3
Which process promotes the healing of partial-thickness wounds? 1 Granulation 2 Maturation 3 Re-epithelialization 4 Wound contraction
3
Which skin infection is associated with a typical "satellite lesion"? 1 Shingles 2 Furuncle 3 Candidiasis 4 Dermatophytosis
3
Which statement by a patient with psoriasis indicates to the nurse that additional teaching about the patient's condition is required? 1 "I can never be cured." 2 "Stress can cause my flare-ups." 3 "A tanning bed will supply the ultraviolet light I need." 4 "Medicine can prevent the growth of new skin cells."
3
Which statement listed by a nursing student regarding radiation-induced fatigue indicates a need for further learning? 1 It can be debilitating and may last for months. 2 Exercise and sleep interventions are helpful in managing it. 3 The intensity of fatigue depends upon the radiation site. 4 It is the outcome of increased energy demands needed to repair damaged cells.
3
Which statement made by a patient allows the nurse to recognize whether the patient receiving brachytherapy for ovarian cancer understands the treatment plan? 1 "I may lose my hair during this treatment." 2 "I must be positioned in the same way during each treatment." 3 "I will have a radioactive device in my body for a short time." 4 "I will be placed in a semiprivate room for company."
3
Which therapy is effective in returning antidiuretic hormone production to normal levels in a patient with melanoma? 1 Fluoxymesterone 2 Medroxyprogesterone 3 Cancer therapy with radiation 4 Intravenous infusions of glucose and insulin
3
While assessing a patient, the nurse identifies that there is no change in the size of the wound. Which category of medications could be the reason for this condition? 1 Antibiotics 2 Antihistamines 3 Cytotoxic drugs 4 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
3
While assessing a skin injury in a patient, the nurse observes a "hairline" scar. Which image depicts the nurse's observation?
3
patient with a skin infection on the hand reports itching near the site of infection. Upon assessment, the nurse notices serpiginous patches with elevated borders. What could be the possible diagnosis? 1 Tinea pedis 2 Tinea capitis 3 Tinea manus 4 Tinea corporis
3
What are some of the serious hematopoietic side effects of aggressive chemotherapeutic agents? Select all that apply. 1 Alopecia 2 Polycythemia 3 Neutropenia 4 Thrombocytopenia 5 Mucositis
3, 4
Which nursing interventions help prevent extravasation in a patient who is receiving combined chemotherapy? Select all that apply. 1 Using a large-gauge intravenous catheter for administration of vesicants 2 Avoiding the elevation of the arm that is used for administration of vesicants 3 Assessing the site of drug administration for pain, infection, or tissue loss 4 Closely monitoring the intravenous site before, during, and after administration of vesicants 5 Wearing personal protective equipment while handling excreta of the patient receiving chemotherapy
3, 4
While reviewing the laboratory reports of a patient with cancer, the nurse anticipates that the patient has tumor lysis syndrome. Which finding indicates this condition? Select all that apply. 1 Increased calcium levels Incorrect2 Decreased sodium levels Correct3 Increased uric acid levels Correct4 Increased potassium levels 5 Decreased phosphorus levels
3, 4
A patient has been diagnosed with cancer. Which primary factors determine which type of cancer treatment the patient may receive? Select all that apply. 1 Availability of insurance coverage 2 Presence of genetic risk factors 3 Specific type of cancer 4 Evidence of cancer spread 5 Patient's general health
3, 4, 5
Which adverse effects are observed when a vesicant agent extravasates during chemotherapy? Select all that apply. 1 Itching 2 Redness 3 Pain 4 Infection 5 Tissue loss
3, 4, 5
A patient with chronic wounds is worried about treatment costs. What nursing tips for home care may be of help to the patient? Select all that apply. 1 "Buy only sterile products." 2 "Never reuse any kinds of supplies." 3 "You can use clean tap water and nonsterile supplies." 4 "You may reuse nonsterile items without cleaning them."
3, 5
A patient with chronic wounds is worried about treatment costs. What nursing tips for home care may be of help to the patient? Select all that apply. 1 "Buy only sterile products." 2 "Never reuse any kinds of supplies." 3 "You can use clean tap water and nonsterile supplies." 4 "You may reuse nonsterile items without cleaning them." 5 "Thoroughly wash your hands before touching any supplies.
3, 5
A female patient who is about to undergo chemotherapy is distressed about the possibility of losing her hair. What is the priority nursing action in this situation? 1 Suggest the patient purchase a wig before therapy. 2 Recommend that the patient have hair cut before chemotherapy. 3 Tell the patient not to worry because she may not lose all of her hair. 4 Ask the patient how she feels about her hair in relationship to body image.
4
A patient diagnosed with leukemia has a non-healing wound. The medical history reveals that the patient received high doses of anti-inflammatory drugs. What could be the reason for the patient's condition? 1 Impaired cellular proliferation 2 Reduced local tissue circulation 3 Prolonged inflammatory response 4 Systemic inhibition of leukocytic responses
4
A patient is diagnosed with familial polyposis. Which cancer may the patient be at risk for developing in the future? 1 Meningioma 2 Breast cancer 3 Gonadal cancer 4 Colorectal cancer
4
A patient who is receiving chemotherapy for stomach cancer tells the nurse she has a metallic taste in her mouth. What is the nurse's bestresponse? 1 "The cancer must be progressing." 2 "Changes in food taste occur with oral cancer." 3 "It is due to poor oral care. Using mouthwash will help alleviate this." 4 "Unfortunately, it is a side effect of the chemotherapy medications."
4
A patient who is undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer reports problems with concentration and memory. Which nursing intervention is indicated at this time? 1 Explain that this occurs in some patients and is usually permanent. 2 Inform the patient that a small glass of wine may help her relax. 3 Protect the patient from infection. 4 Allow the patient an opportunity to express her feelings.
4
A patient with a foot ulcer says, "I feel helpless." What is the nurse's best response? 1 Encourage visitors. 2 Say, "I know how you feel." 3 Assure the patient that it will be all right. 4 Encourage participation in care of the wound.
4
A patient with a skin infection on the neck reports itching, swelling, and a history of contact with an infected animal. Upon assessment, the nurse finds the infected area to be edematous and tender. The patient also has fever, chills, and enlarged lymph nodes. What could be the possible diagnosis? 1 Cellulitis 2 Furuncle 3 Athlete's foot 4 Cutaneous anthrax
4
A patient with a skin infection reports recurrence of the infection after treatment with topical antifungal therapy. While assessing the patient, the nurse notices erythematous macular eruptions in the infected area. Which drug would be beneficial for the patient? 1 Penicillin 2 Acyclovir 3 Tetracycline 4 Ketoconazole
4
A patient with cancer is diagnosed with gram-negative sepsis. The nurse finds that the patient has dyspnea, pain, stroke-like manifestations, tachycardia, and reduced kidney function. What condition is indicated by this finding? 1 Ondansetron treatment 2 Spinal cord compression 3 Dexamethasone treatment 4 Disseminated intravascular coagulation
4
A patient with terminal liver cancer is concerned with the amount of pain he is experiencing. He tells the nurse he does not want to become addicted to the pain medications. What is the nurse's bestresponse? 1 "I can teach you alternative methods of pain management." 2 "Addiction is a real concern. We will space your medication out so that you do not become addicted." 3 "We need to get you medicated now so you can get some relief. We can deal with the addiction later." 4 "I understand your concern. Addiction will not occur because your pain is real. It is important that we keep your pain under control."
4
A pregnant patient presents to the clinic with a skin infection and reports itching and swelling on the arm. While assessing the patient, the nurse finds the infected area to be elevated and hemorrhagic, edematous, and tender. The patient also presents with fever, chills, and enlarged lymph nodes. Which is the most suitable drug for this patient? 1 Oral ciprofloxacin 2 Oral ketoconazole 3 Intravenous vancomycin 4 Intravenous ciprofloxacin
4
A pregnant patient reports white plaques on her abdomen. Which biologic agent is contraindicated for her? 1 Acitretin 2 Bexarotene 3 Azathioprine 4 Adalimumab
4
A registered nurse is precepting a student nurse who is educating the parents of a child with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection. Which of the nursing student's statements requires correction? 1 "Keep your child off any upholstered furniture." 2 "Make sure your child avoids close contact with others." 3 "Change the bandage whenever drainage seeps through it." 4 "Stop giving your child the antibiotics once the wound has healed."
4
An outpatient patient is receiving photodynamic therapy. Which environmental factor is a priority for the patient to adjust for protection? 1 Storing drugs in dark locations at room temperature. 2 Wearing soft clothing. 3 Wearing a hat and sunglasses when going outside. 4 Reducing all direct and indirect sources of light.
4
Deep tissue wounds, such as chronic pressure injuries, take longer to heal because they heal by which intention? 1 First 2 Third 3 Mixed 4 Second
4
How is cancer-related cachexia defined? 1 Reduced liver function 2 Changes in taste and smell 3 Less energy for meal preparation or eating 4 Extreme body wasting and malnutrition
4
In 2011, what was the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in females in the U.S.? 1 Breast 2 Ovarian 3 Pancreatic 4 Lung and bronchus
4
The histopathology report of a patient with breast cancer reveals poorly differentiated cells with no normal characteristics. It is also difficult to determine the tissue of origin. What is the grade of cancer the nurse anticipates will be assigned to this patient? 1 G1 2 G2 3 G3 4 G4
4
The laboratory reports of a patient with cancer indicate hyperkalemia. Which other condition should the nurse assess in the patient? 1 Bone loss 2 Leukopenia 3 Testicular atrophy 4 Cardiac dysfunction
4
The nurse admits a patient to the clinic who is reporting severe itching of the arms and legs caused by exposure to poison ivy. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will prescribe which medication? 1 Anthralin 2 Calcipotriene 3 Benzyl benzoate 4 Diphenhydramine
4
The nurse cares for a patient with tumor lysis syndrome and finds that nausea prevents adequate fluid intake in the patient. What should be the nursing action for this situation? 1 Giving clotting factors 2 Administering fluoxymesterone 3 Administering aminoglutethimide 4 Notifying the primary health care provider
4
The nurse finds that a patient with breast cancer has muscle weakness, loss of deep tendon reflexes, and paralytic ileus. The nurse also finds that the patient's serum calcium levels are 15.2 mg/dL. Which instruction should the nurse give to the patient? 1 "You should limit your physical activity." 2 "You should follow a fluid-restricted diet." 3 "You should add low-fiber foods to the diet." 4 "You should avoid consuming dairy products."
4
The nurse instructs a patient at high risk for pressure injuries to avoid having any reddened areas massaged. Why does the nurse recommend this? 1 It may cause irritation. 2 It may produce inflammation. 3 It may cause severe bleeding. 4 It may damage capillary beds.
4
The nurse is assessing a patient who is suspected to have tinea pedis. Which question asked by the nurse would be most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis? 1 "Did you have any recent skin trauma?" 2 "Did you notice any similar lesion previously?" 3 "Did you notice systemic symptoms after the infection?" 4 "Did you share your athletic equipment with other people?"
4
The nurse is assessing the data of a patient with skin inflammation. Which assessment finding confirms the diagnosis as atopic dermatitis? 1 Scaling 2 Itching 3 Lichenification 4 Linear markings on the palms
4
The nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who needs cellular repair due to altered GI structure and function. What is the best nutritional support for this patient? 1 High fat 2 Low protein 3 High calcium 4 High carbohydrate
4
The nurse is teaching a patient with loss of sensation and movement in the lower extremities secondary to spinal cord injury about protecting skin integrity. Which daily prevention strategy does the nurse include in the patient's teaching plan? 1 Eat a low-fat diet. 2 Massage reddened areas. 3 Complete a pressure map. 4 Lift hips off the chair at least every hour.
4
The nurse is teaching measures to be followed by a patient who receives radiation therapy for cancer. Which action of the patient indicates effective learning? 1 Drinking 500 mL of fluid the day before the radiation therapy 2 Staying on nothing by mouth status (NPO) the day before the therapy 3 Avoiding consuming alkaline fluids the day before the radiation therapy 4 Drinking 5000 mL of fluid, the day before, on the day of, and for 3 days after the treatment
4
What is a probable complication in a patient with cancer on cyclophosphamide therapy? 1 Thrombocytopenia 2 Peripheral neuropathy 3 Disseminated intravascular coagulation 4 Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
4
When educating a patient about pressure injury prevention, what does the nurse suggest? 1 Change absorbent pads daily if incontinence is present. 2 Soak for 20 minutes in warm water to rehydrate the skin. 3 Cleanse the skin with water only to maintain normal acid levels. 4 Use barrier ointments to protect intact skin if incontinence is present.
4
Which category of medications can aggravate psoriasis? 1 Antibiotics 2 Barbiturates 3 Sulfonamides 4 Beta-blocking agents
4
Which class of medications treats chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting? 1 Diuretics 2 Corticosteroids 3 Bisphosphonates 4 Serotonin antagonists
4
Which drug-induced skin reaction is characterized by vesicles, erosions, and crusts? 1 Psoriasis 2 Basal cell carcinoma 3 Toxic epidermal necrolysis 4 Stevens-Johnson syndrome
4
Which energy type is commonly used for radiation therapy? 1 X-rays 2 Alpha particles 3 Beta particles 4 Gamma rays
4
Which event takes place during the maturation phase of wound healing? 1 Fibrin strands form a scaffold or framework. 2 White blood cells migrate into the wound. 3 Epithelial cells grow over the granulation tissue bed. 4 Collagen is reorganized to provide greater tensile strength.
4
Which gene mutation is likely to cause breast cancer? 1 APC 2 MLH1 3 MSH2 4 BRCA2
4
Which hormone secretion releases calcium from the bones in cancer? 1 Estrogen hormone 2 Progestin hormone 3 Antidiuretic hormone 4 Parathyroid hormone
4
Which is a risk factor for candidial infection? 1 Pregnancy 2 Weight loss 3 Hypertension 4 Diabetes mellitus
4
Which is an early manifestation of super vena cava syndrome in a patient with cancer? 1 Cyanosis 2 Hemorrhage 3 Hypotension 4 Facial edema
4
Which medication is most effective for the treatment of multiple actinic keratosis? 1 Systemic therapy of cisplatin 2 Topical therapy of vismodegib 3 Systemic therapy of cetuximab 4 Topical therapy of 5-fluorouracil
4
Which patient is at a greater risk for administering Zostavax vaccine based on the given data? 1 Patient A 2 Patient B 3 Patient C 4 Patient D
4
Which process occurs in the first intention stage of wound healing? 1 Granulation 2 Closure with wide scar 3 Filling in of the dead spaces with connective tissue 4 Removal of dead space, which shortens phases of repair
4
Which side effect is commonly found in women who are taking androgen for the hormonal manipulation of cancer? 1 Irregular menses 2 Fluid retention 3 Breast tenderness 4 Facial and chest hair
4
Which skin condition is seen in this patient? 1 Psoriasis 2 Basal cell carcinoma 3 Squamous cell carcinoma 4 Stevens-Johnson syndrome
4
Which skin infection is characterized by a painless lesion and formation of eschar regardless of treatment? 1 Scabies 2 Shingles 3 Candidiasis 4 Cutaneous anthrax
4
Which statement best describes the mechanism by which chemotherapy can cure and increase survival time in individuals with cancer? 1 Slow-growing tumors are most sensitive to the DNA damage caused by chemotherapy agents. 2 Metastatic areas of cancer are difficult for chemotherapy to penetrate effectively. 3 Fortunately, most chemotherapy agents have a special affinity for cancer cells. 4 The killing effect on cancer cells is related to the ability to damage DNA and interfere with cell division.
4
Which term describes the occurrence where bone marrow activity and white blood cell counts are at their lowest levels after chemotherapy? 1 Bone marrow suppression 2 Thrombocytopenia 3 Neutropenia 4 Nadir
4
Which treatment should be provided to reduce the symptoms of superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome? 1 Bicalutamide 2 Oral hydration 3 Glucocorticoid 4 High-dose radiation therapy
4
The nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who also has anemia. What has likely caused the anemia? Select all that apply. 1 Impaired immune function 2 Impaired respiratory function 3 Impaired platelet production 4 Impaired tissue oxygenation 5 Impaired blood-producing function
4, 5
The nurse is evaluating a group of student nurses after teaching them about wound healing in older adults. Which statements made by a student nurse indicate the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. 1 "The process of wound healing is less efficient in older adults." 2 "The strength of a healed wound is reduced in older adults." 3 "Replacement of connective tissue is reduced in older adults." 4 "Re-epithelialization and wound dilation is slower in older adults." 5 "Incontinence or immobility in older adults lowers the risk of chronic wound development."
4, 5
When reviewing the laboratory data of a cancer patient, the nurse finds that the white blood cell (WBC) count is 1.2/mm 3. What causes does the nurse suspect? Select all that apply. 1 The patient had an infection. 2 The cancer has metastasized. 3 Chemotherapy is depleting the cells. 4 The patient may have leukemia. 5 Cancers cells have invaded the bone marrow.
4, 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who is receiving an antiestrogen drug about the side effects she may encounter. Which side effects does the nurse include in the discussion? Select all that apply. 1 Heavy menses 2 Smooth facial skin 3 Hyperkalemia 4 Breast tenderness 5 Weight loss 6 Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
4, 6
A hospitalized patient has severe nutritional deficits and ongoing protein loss, which puts the patient at high risk for the development of pressure injuries. How much protein intake, in g/kg/day, is required for this patient to reduce the risk? Record your answer using a whole number. ___g/kg/day
Nutritional status plays an important role in the healing process. Up to 2 g/kg/day of protein may be needed when nutritional deficits are severe or protein loss is ongoing. An intake of 1.25 to 1.5 g/kg/day is the normal amount of protein people should consume. An amount of 3 g/kg/day is too much protein intake and not recommended.
Arrange the events of the proliferative phase of wound healing in the correct sequence. Correct1.Fibrin strands form a scaffold or framework.Incorrect2.Epithelial cells grow over the granulation tissue bed. Correct3.Collagen, together with ground substance, builds tough and inflexible scar tissue.Incorrect4.Mitotic fibroblast cells migrate into the wound and stimulate the secretion of collagen.Incorrect5.Capillaries in areas surrounding the wound form "buds" that grow into new blood vessels.Incorrect6.Capillary buds and collagen deposits form "granulation" tissue in the wound, and the wound contracts.
The proliferative phase is the second phase of wound healing. It begins about the fourth day after injury and lasts 2 to 4 weeks. First, fibrin strands form a scaffold or framework. Then mitotic fibroblast cells migrate into the wound and stimulate the secretion of collagen. Collagen, together with ground substance, builds tough and inflexible scar tissue. Next, capillaries in areas surrounding the wound form "buds" that grow into new blood vessels. Capillary buds and collagen deposits form the "granulation" tissue in the wound, and the wound contracts. Finally, epithelial cells grow over the granulation tissue bed.
