Tib/fib, knee joint and femur Ch. 6
tibia
2nd largest bone of body and located on medial side
3-5
The patella developes in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle between the ages
posterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, tibial (medial) collateral ligament, and fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
What are the ligaments of the knee joint?
fovea capitis
a small depression at the center of the femoral head
anterior crest (shin)
anterior surface of the tibial tuberosity presents a sharp ridge known as the
tib/fib, knee jt, patella, and femur
are composed and shaped, and placed so that they can carry the body in the upright position and transmit its weight to the ground with a minimal amount of stress to the individual parts
lesser trochanter
at the posteromedial junction of the femur
greater trochanter
at the superolateral junction of the femur
osteochondroma or exostosis
benign bone tumor projection with a cartilaginous cap
osteoid osteoma
benign lesion of cortical bone
enchondroma
benign tumor consisting of cartilage
intercondylar eminence or tibial spine
between the tibial plateaus is a sharp projection known as the
menisci
circular and sit on top of the tibial plateaus and the center of it articulate directly with the femoral condyles
proximal tibiofibular joint and knee joint-patella femoral
diarthoses/gliding
knee joint femorotibial
diarthoses/hinge
hip joint
diarthroses/ball and socket
medial malleolus
distal end of tibia is broad and the medial surface is prolonged into a large club-shaped process called
medial and lateral condyles
distal femur has two large eminences called
15-20 degrees
femoral neck constricted near the head and joins with the body at an angle
fibula
is slender and located on the lateral side
femur
is the longest, strongest and heaviest bone in the body
knee joint
is the most complex joint in the body, the femur, tibia, fibula, and patella make up and are held together by ligaments
popliteal surface
is the triangular area superior to the intercondylar fossa on the posterior femur which the popliteal blood vessels and nerves pass
distal tibiofibular joint
joint that is amphiarthroses/slightly movable
medial and lateral meniscus
knee joint contains two fibrocartilage disks called
fibular notch
lateral surface of distal fibula presents a flattened triangular surface for articulation with fibula known as
apex
located inferiorly of the patella
base
located superiorly of the patella
osteoclastoma or giant cell tumor
lucent lesion in the metaphysis, usually at the distal femur
tibia and fibula
make up lower leg or leg
chondrosarcoma
malignant tumor arising from cartilage cells
ewing sarcoma
malignant tumor of bone arising in medullary tissue
osteosarcoma
malignant, primary tumor of bone with bone or cartilage formation
tumor
new tissue growth where cell proliferation is uncontrolled
intercondylar fossa
posteriorly the femoral condyles are separated by a deep depression called
medial and lateral epicondyles
prominences above each femoral condyle is known as the
medial and lateral condyles
proximal end of tibia has two prominent processes
tibial plateaus
superior surfaces of the condyles are smooth, flat facets for articulation with the femur are known
tibial tuberosity
the anterior proximal surface of the tibia presents a prominent process and the point of attachment for the patellae ligament
1/2 inches
the apex lies how much above the knee joint
apex or styloid process
the conical projection at the lateroposterior aspect of the head of the fibula is known as
lateral malleolus
the distal lateral end of the fibula presents a club-shaped process known as
trochanters
the femoral ______ are situated at the base of the neck and femoral body
patellar surface
the femoral condyles are separated anteriorly by a shallow triangular depression called
5-15 degrees
the femurs body is slightly convex anteriorly and slants medially from
protects the knee joint
the function of the patella
medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles
the intercondylar eminence terminate into two pealike processes known as the
work together to provide stability for the joint
the knee joint ligaments do what
patella
the kneecap is and is the largest sesamoid bone it is flat trangular shaped and located distal anterior surface of the femur
intertrochanteric line
the lesser ridge connecting the trochanters anteriorly is the
adductor tubercle
the medial femoral condyle contains the
stability and act as shock absorbers
the menisci in the knee joint provide what
intertrochanteric crest
the prominent ridge connecting the trochanters posteriorly is the
head
the proximal end of the fibula is
rounded head
the proximal femur consists of a _______ that articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis
facet
the tibial lateral condyle has a _______ on its distal posterior surface to articulate with the head of the fibula
10-20 degrees
tibial plateaus slope posteriorly
medial and lateral plateaus
two separate tibial plateaus are called