Tib/fib, knee joint and femur Ch. 6

tibia

2nd largest bone of body and located on medial side

3-5

The patella developes in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle between the ages

posterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, tibial (medial) collateral ligament, and fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

What are the ligaments of the knee joint?

fovea capitis

a small depression at the center of the femoral head

anterior crest (shin)

anterior surface of the tibial tuberosity presents a sharp ridge known as the

tib/fib, knee jt, patella, and femur

are composed and shaped, and placed so that they can carry the body in the upright position and transmit its weight to the ground with a minimal amount of stress to the individual parts

lesser trochanter

at the posteromedial junction of the femur

greater trochanter

at the superolateral junction of the femur

osteochondroma or exostosis

benign bone tumor projection with a cartilaginous cap

osteoid osteoma

benign lesion of cortical bone

enchondroma

benign tumor consisting of cartilage

intercondylar eminence or tibial spine

between the tibial plateaus is a sharp projection known as the

menisci

circular and sit on top of the tibial plateaus and the center of it articulate directly with the femoral condyles

proximal tibiofibular joint and knee joint-patella femoral

diarthoses/gliding

knee joint femorotibial

diarthoses/hinge

hip joint

diarthroses/ball and socket

medial malleolus

distal end of tibia is broad and the medial surface is prolonged into a large club-shaped process called

medial and lateral condyles

distal femur has two large eminences called

15-20 degrees

femoral neck constricted near the head and joins with the body at an angle

fibula

is slender and located on the lateral side

femur

is the longest, strongest and heaviest bone in the body

knee joint

is the most complex joint in the body, the femur, tibia, fibula, and patella make up and are held together by ligaments

popliteal surface

is the triangular area superior to the intercondylar fossa on the posterior femur which the popliteal blood vessels and nerves pass

distal tibiofibular joint

joint that is amphiarthroses/slightly movable

medial and lateral meniscus

knee joint contains two fibrocartilage disks called

fibular notch

lateral surface of distal fibula presents a flattened triangular surface for articulation with fibula known as

apex

located inferiorly of the patella

base

located superiorly of the patella

osteoclastoma or giant cell tumor

lucent lesion in the metaphysis, usually at the distal femur

tibia and fibula

make up lower leg or leg

chondrosarcoma

malignant tumor arising from cartilage cells

ewing sarcoma

malignant tumor of bone arising in medullary tissue

osteosarcoma

malignant, primary tumor of bone with bone or cartilage formation

tumor

new tissue growth where cell proliferation is uncontrolled

intercondylar fossa

posteriorly the femoral condyles are separated by a deep depression called

medial and lateral epicondyles

prominences above each femoral condyle is known as the

medial and lateral condyles

proximal end of tibia has two prominent processes

tibial plateaus

superior surfaces of the condyles are smooth, flat facets for articulation with the femur are known

tibial tuberosity

the anterior proximal surface of the tibia presents a prominent process and the point of attachment for the patellae ligament

1/2 inches

the apex lies how much above the knee joint

apex or styloid process

the conical projection at the lateroposterior aspect of the head of the fibula is known as

lateral malleolus

the distal lateral end of the fibula presents a club-shaped process known as

trochanters

the femoral ______ are situated at the base of the neck and femoral body

patellar surface

the femoral condyles are separated anteriorly by a shallow triangular depression called

5-15 degrees

the femurs body is slightly convex anteriorly and slants medially from

protects the knee joint

the function of the patella

medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles

the intercondylar eminence terminate into two pealike processes known as the

work together to provide stability for the joint

the knee joint ligaments do what

patella

the kneecap is and is the largest sesamoid bone it is flat trangular shaped and located distal anterior surface of the femur

intertrochanteric line

the lesser ridge connecting the trochanters anteriorly is the

adductor tubercle

the medial femoral condyle contains the

stability and act as shock absorbers

the menisci in the knee joint provide what

intertrochanteric crest

the prominent ridge connecting the trochanters posteriorly is the

head

the proximal end of the fibula is

rounded head

the proximal femur consists of a _______ that articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis

facet

the tibial lateral condyle has a _______ on its distal posterior surface to articulate with the head of the fibula

10-20 degrees

tibial plateaus slope posteriorly

medial and lateral plateaus

two separate tibial plateaus are called