TOA 1, TOA 2, HOA 1, HOA 2, HOA 3, HOA 4, PP 1, PP 2
Jorn Utzon
"A building must have a soul that corresponds to the mood you are in; be in tune with what you are doing."
Martino Abelana
"Amorsolo of the South"
Michael Graves
"Any architecture, there is an equity between the pragmatic function and the symbolic function"
I.M. Pei
"Architecture can reach a level where it influences people to want to do something more with their lives. That is the challenge that I find most interesting."
Santiago Calatrava
"Architecture combines all the arts into one."
Luis Barragan
"Architecture is an art when one consciously or unconsciously creates aesthetic emotion in the atmosphere and when this environment produces well being."
Norman Foster
"Architecture is an expression of values."
Daniel Libeskind
"Architecture is not based on concrete and steel and the elements of the soil. It's based on wonder."
Philip Johnson
"Architecture is the art of how to waste space"
Francisco Manosa
"Architecture must be true to itself, its land, and its people."
Frank Lloyd Wright
"Architecture that belonged where you see it standing - and is a grace to the landscape instead of a disgrace."
Antoni Gaudi
"Artists do not need monuments erected for them because their works are their monuments."
Zhongguó
"Central Nation" or as the "Middle Kingdom"
Tadao Ando
"Church of the Light, Osaka"
Jean Nouvel
"Each new situation requires a new architecture."
Adolf Loos
"Form follows Function" "The building should be dumb outside and only reveal wealth inside..."
Oscar Niemeyer
"Form follows feminine/beauty."
Eero Saarinen
"Function influence but does not dictate them"
Hwangnyongsa Temple
"Golden/Yellow Dragon Temple" or "Emperor/Imperial Dragon Temple"; designed to be a place where monks prayed for the welfare of the nation by asking for the divine protection of the Buddha and a means to impress foreign dignitaries.
Moshe Safdie
"Habitat 67, Montreal"
Shigeru Ban
"I believe that the material doesn't need to be strong to be used to build a strong structure. The strength of the structure has nothing to do with strength of the material."
Francisco Manosa
"I design Filipino"
Fumihiko Maki
"I do not want to put my thoughts only on the level of drawings and models. I am a fairly pragmatic sort of practitioner and I want to express these thoughts in real buildings."
Zaha Hadid
"I'm trying to discover - invent, I suppose - an architecture, and forms of urban planning , that do something of the same thing in a contemporary way. I started out trying to create buildings that would sparkle like isolated jewels; now I want them to connect, to from a new kind of landscape. To flow together with contemporary cities and the lives of their peoples."
Alejandro Aravena
"If there's any power in design, that's the power of synthesis. The more complex the problem, the more need for simplicity."
Tadao Ando
"In all my works, light is an important controlling factor."
Shigeru Ban
"Invisible Structure" - combination of Western and Eastern Building forms and methods - he is not interested in the newest materials and techniques, but rather the expression of the concept behind his building - the idea of a "universal floor" to allow continuity between all rooms in a house
Jean Nouvel
"It is not possible to design always the same. How to be different in each place - that is the most important work and duty of the architect to find out."
Mies van der Rohe
"Less is more", and "God is in the details"
Frei Otto
"My architecture is the architecture of survival."
Frei Otto
"My hope is that light, flexible architecture might bring about a new and open society."
Jorn Utzon
"On the edge of the possible."
Adolf Loos
"Ornament is a crime and all ornamentation must be rejected"
MAGUINDANAO
"People of the flood plain" - inhabit the broad Pulangi River valley and delta which occasionally flood.
Molave
"Queen of Philippine Woods" which was impervious to insects, and so hard that it didn‟t even float in water.
Oscar Niemeyer
"Right angles don't attract me. Nor straight, hard, or inflexible lines created by man... What attracts me are free and sensual curves. The curves we find in mountains, in the waves of the sea, in the body of the woman we love."
SAMA/SAMAL
"Sama" is a derivative of the word "Samasama" meaning togetherness - described as a cohesive and peace loving people.
Frank Gehry
"Start with the simple block to see where that goes. Most of our buildings are made of faceless glass. Only for economies and not for humanities."
Leandro Locsin
"The architecture of my country is a synthesis of our society"
Moshe Safdie
"The design of the buildings should contribute to it's community"
Walter Gropius
"The final goal of all artistic activity is architecture"
RCR Arquitectes Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramon Vilalta
"The landscape, the trees, the sky - those are the things we like to relate to."
Eero Saarinen
"The purpose of architecture is to shelter and enhance man's life on earth and to fulfill his belief in the nobility of his existence"
Ken Yeang
"We have to build in harmony with the natural world. Our goal must be not simply to slow the present rate of environmental impairment, but to eliminate it entirely."
Richard Meier
"White is the most wonderful color because within it you can see all the colors of the rainbow. The whiteness of white is never just white; It is almost always transformed by light and that which is changing; the sky, the clouds, the sun and the moon."
Luis Barragan
"emotional architecture" "any work of architecture which does not express serenity is a mistake"
Mies van der Rohe
"everything is open, nothing is concealed"
The IFUGAO
"ipugo" - earth people or mortals or humans, as distinguished from spirits and deities.
Rem Koolhaas
"the client is chaos" "the integration of notion of cheapness to create sublime conditions"
Walter Gropius
"to build is to create events"
1.5% - 3% of PCC
(Construction Management Services) Services of architect as Cm can be compensated by a RPF of
Offering Chapel
(Parts of a Pyramid)
20% of the fee
(SAS Manner of Payment) Upon completion of project
50% of the fee
(SAS Manner of Payment) Upon submission of final design
30% of the fee
(SAS Manner of Payment) Upon submission of preliminary design
20% - 30%
(SAS RPF) If land is rugged with steep terrain the fee shall increase
50,000 php / hectare
(SAS) RPF per hectare
Organicism
(acct. to Frank Lloyd Wright) a building should complement its environment so as to create a single, unified space that appears to "grow naturally" out of the ground
Award Fee Provision
(for CM compensations)The construction manager has the opportunity to obtain an award fee of specified max size if the measured cost related values meet or exceed the specified target values
An example showing *linear elements* providing support for an overhead plane. The sculpted female figures stand as columnar supports for the entablature.
*Caryatid* Porch, (The Erechtheion)
Frank Lloyd Wright
- Defined organic architecture. His works are always involved with nature. - his style is Prairie school [organic architecture]
I.M. Pei
- He believes that form follows intention (which incorporates function). - He also rejects the Internationalist vision of architecture as future vs. past, and instead sees his role as creating a bridge between the present and the past.
Fumihiko Maki
- He calls himself a modernist. His style is a mixture of modern architecture and Japanese traditional architecture. - the materials he uses in his structures are metal, glass, and concrete
Daniel Libeskind
- He is renowned for his ability to evoke cultural memory in buildings - He aims to create architecture that is resonant, unique and sustainable
Zoomorphic
- New Animal Architecture - is a late 20th and early 21st century literal and abstract representations of animal forms
Santiago Calatrava
- Organicism and Neo-futurism are his main styles - Finds inspiration in the human body and in nature.
Emilio Ambasz
- an early proponent of 'green' architecture - his trademark style is a combination of buildings and gardens; "green over grey"
Structuralism
- consist of cell-like honeycomb shapes - intersecting planes, cubed grids - densely clustered spaces with connecting courtyrds
Modern Architecture
- exploration of new materials (man-made/factory-made) - simplification of forms
Bauhaus
- flat roofs - smooth facades - cubic shapes - colors are white, gray, beige, or black - steel-frame with glass curtain walls
Deconstructivism
- fragmentation - no visual logic - unrelated, disharmonious abstract forms
International Style
- geometric, monolith skyscrapers - flat roof - glass curtain wall - no ornamentation - stone, steel, glass construction material
Constructivism
- glass and steel - machine-made building parts - technological details such as antennae, signs and projections screens - abstract geometric shapes - sense of movement
Tadao Ando
- he's a minimalist - his design follows the beton brut principle - "smooth-as-silk" concrete - natural light being the controlling factor in all his works
Zaha Hadid
- her architectural style is deconstructivism movement - her work is also describe as an example of parametricism
Richard Meier
- his focal point of style Is mainly the dominant use of the color white that gives that gives the structure a pristine look. - He also utilizes geometric patterns, Rich spatial exposures with emphasis on light on his designs
Jean Nouvel
- his personal architectural style is having no signature style - His work is always specific to the site, program, its people and the whole context. (he's Professor X/Lex Luthor look a like)
Oscar Niemeyer
- his style is having the lightness of the curved forms - uses reinforced concrete very often
Helmut Jahn
- his style was generally post modern - designing extravagant buildings that combined historical and contextual references with high-tech engineering solutions
Norman Foster
- his styles are Modernist and high-tech architecture - his architectural design communicates a city's past and present character - green architecture
Luis Barragan
- his works have been describe as "mystical" as well as serene - was a master of color, light, and space
Minimalism
- is reductive design - only the most essential elements are provided - emphasis is on the outline/frame of structure - interior walls are eliminated
Ken Yeang
- known for ecological architecture; - Bioclimatic architecture with distinctive green aesthetic
Minimalism
- open floor plan - lighting is used to dramatize lines and planes - negative spaces around the structure are part of the design
Functionalism
- ornaments are reduced to bare essentials - it must be inexpensive, durable and beautiful
Brutalism
- precast concrete slabs - rough, unfinished surfaces - exposed steel beams - massive, sculptural
Metabolism
- prefabrication, expansion and contraction based on need - attachable /detachable substructure -replaceable units (cells or pods) -sustainability
Modern Architecture
- rejection of traditional styles - reduction of elements
Formalism
- relationship of parts to whole - emphasizes form - monumental in scale
Desert Modernism
- rocks, trees, and landscape features - expansive glass walls and windows - dramatic rooflines - wide overhangs - steel and plastic combines with wood and stone - open floor plan
Formalism
- shape is the focus of attention - lines and rigid geometric shapes - colonnades and entablatures
High-Tech
- steel, aluminum and glass - brightly colored braces, girders, and beams - prefabricated parts -utilities system exposed on the exterior - universal interior spaces
Post Modernism
- symbolism to make a statement or simply to delight the viewer - colors
Organicism
- use of natural colors - reveal the nature of materials - open up spaces - provide a place for natural foliage
Group B: Residentials, Hotels, Apartments
-multiple dwelling units including boarding/lodging houses, hotels, apartment buildings, row houses, convents, monasteries etc. more than 10 persons each
The annual temperature of Baguio comparable with those in the temperate climate.
18.3°C
Arcadio De Guzman Arellano
1st Filipino employed in 1901 by Gov. Taft as consulting architect.
Carlos A. Barretto
1st Filipino with academic title
THE MALOLOS CONSTITUTION
1st important Filipino document produced by the people's representatives.
Antonio Maňalac Toledo
1st professor at the Mapua Institute ofTechnology
12-storey Picache Building (CHERRY PIE PICACHE)
1st skyscraper in the Philippines.
Cesar Concio‟s Insular Life Building
1stoffice building to surpass the old 30-meterheight restriction
Hinduism and Buddhism
2 Major religions of Nepal
Sikhara and Pagoda
2 kinds of Nepalese Temple
Shinto and Buddhism
2 major religious traditions in Japan
size of average car parking slot
2.5x5 = perpendicular/diagonal; 2.15x6= parallel
Excluding Baguio, the mean annual temperature in the Philippines is:
26.6 °C.
Milan Cathedral
2nd largest Gothic cathedral in the world, next to Cathedral of Seville, Spain
1. Transportation was expanded 2. Electricity was effectively harnessed 3. Improvements were made to industrial processes accelerating production
3 Important developments in Industrialization in America
- Primaire Pd. - Secondaire Pd. - Tertiare Pd.
3 Periods of French Gothic (based on the evolution of the window tracery)
Pesavalalu
3 berms or terraces, platform (Parts of a Dagoba)
Geometric Forms, Animals, Plants
3 types of ornamentation of Egyptian architecture
Norman Foster
30 St Mary Axe in London,
Helm Roof
4 gables forming a pyramidal roof with 4 diamond-shaped sides meeting at the apex.
Four animals
4 quarters of the compass
King Hammurabi
6th Babylonian king to write the first code of laws in human history called Hammurabi's Code.
Fondacco dei Turchi
A 12th century mercantile palace on the Grand Canal. It is an example of a high level domestic architecture as the outcome of her prosperous trade with the East.
La Zisa, Palermo
A 3-storey Norman castle; is entirely of Moslem influence as seen in its muqarnas (stalactite or honeycomb moulding).
Peterborough Cathedral
A Benedictine Abbey with Norman interior & timber ceiling
Durham Cathedral
A Benedictine Monastery. The nave is the earliest to incorporate pointed ribs.
Maria Laach Abbey
A Benedictine church built of local lava. The the exterior is a fine grouping of 6 towers, double transepts, & east & west apses.
Ely Cathedral
A Benedictine monastery with Norman nave & transepts.
S. George, Thessalonica, Greece
A Christian church, later a mosque and now a Greek Orthodox church
Cyma Recta
A Greek moulding; anthemion or honeysuckle
Astragal (Bead)
A Greek moulding; bead and reel
Ovolo
A Greek moulding; egg and dart (or egg and tongue)
Torus
A Greek moulding; the guilloche or plait, ornament, or with bundles of leaves tied by bands
Corona
A Greek moulding; usually painted with the fret ornament (also called key pattern)
Cyma Reversa (Ogee)
A Greek moulding; water-leaf tongue
Pseudo-dipteral
A Greek temple that is similar to dipteral but the inner range of columns is omitted
In-antis
A Greek temple with 2-4 columns at the front
Amphi-antis
A Greek temple with 2-4 columns at the front and rear
Dipteral
A Greek temple with a double line of columns surrounding the naos
Pseudo-peripteral
A Greek temple with a flank of columns attached to the naos wall
Prostyle
A Greek temple with a portico of columns at the front
Daibutsuyō
A Japanese religious architectural style which emerged in the late 12th or early 13th century on the basis of contemporary Chinese architecture (Styles of Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Chartres Cathedral
A Latin Rite Catholic cathedral and one of the finest examples of French Gothic. It has the most complete collections of medieval strained glass in the world
Ulm Minister
A Lutheran church. Although sometimes referred to as Ulm Cathedral because of its great size, the church is not a cathedral as it has never been the seat of a bishop
S. Clemente, Rome
A Romanesque but has now been decorated in Baroque style
S. Basil the Blessed Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow
A Russian Orthodox cathedral built by Ivan IV in 1555. It is the most recognizable symbol of Russia
Kakei
A bamboo pipe through which water flows (Element of Japanese Garden)
Mastaba
A broad pit below ground covered with a rectangular flat mound with sides sloping at 75°. It has a shaft descending to the tomb chamber. Heavy stones (portcullises) are dropped through the slots to seal the chamber
Velarium
A canvas awning drawn over to protect the audience from rain or sun
Canephora
A caryatid with a basket on her head, used either as a support or as a freestanding garden ornmanet
Spoliarium
A chamber beneath an arena, where bodies of dead gladiators are dragged and piled
Tholos
A circular temple
Campanille, Pisa
A circular tower, 16m in diameter, rising in 8 storeys of encircling arcades
Notre-Dame-la-Grande
A collegiate church of Roman style situated in Poitiers. Its facade is carved masterpieces universally recognized religious art of this period. There are frequent motifs of Roman art: foliage, bestiary, corbels carved heads of grimacing and fantastic figures. A marquee is elephant faced. Above the portal, has a frieze depicting biblical scenes.
CUL (cultural)
A community to national level of cultural use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise or medium rise building/ structure for cultural activities, e.g., cultural centers, convention centers, very large office or mixed use/occupancy buildings and the like.
GI (General Institutional)
A community to national level of institutional use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low rise, medium-rise or high-rise building/structure for educational, training and related activities, e.g., schools and related facilities and the like, or a community to national level of institutional use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low rise, medium-rise or high-rise building/ structure for medical, government service administrative and related activities, e.g., hospitals and related health care facilities, government offices, military, police and correctional buildings and the like.
Caen
A cream-colored limestone quarried near Caen, France, for use in building & sculpture.
Garbhagriha
A dark and gloomy place that houses the divine deity; literally means 'womb house' (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Cremona Cathedral, Lombardy
A dazzling example of Romanesque architecture. The marble façade has two rows of colonnades, rose windows and a porch surmounted by a shrine.
Atlantes
A decorative column in the figure or half figure of a man
Moat
A deep and wide trench filled with water around the rampart of a fortified castle
Scotia
A deep hollow moulding
S. Giovanni Laterano, Rome
A double-aisled basilica but had lost its original Early Christian character due to alterations
Stadium
A foot racecourse where games were celebrated
Hypostyle Hall
A forest of columns, portraying the illusion of infinity and vastness of space (Parts of an Egyptian Temple)
Precast Concrete
A form of construction, where concrete is cast in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site and lifted into place
Hagia Sohpia, Istanbul
A former Orthodox patriarchal basilica, later a mosque and now a museum
Albi Cathedral
A fortress church with a large vault hall, 18m, the widest in France
Lacus
A fountain with a large basin of water.
Gloucester Cathedral
A fusion of Norman Romanesque and Perpendicular Gothic
Puerta Del Sol (Sun Gate), Toledo
A gate in the old city of Toledo
Monolith or Maenhir
A great upright stone
Khajuraho Group of Monuments
A group of Hindu and Jain temples in Madhya Pradesh, India, about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of Jhansi; one of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India
Cantabrian Circle
A group of horse archers or mounted javelin throwers would form a single-file rotating circle.
St. Stephen, Vienna
A hall church and has become one of the city's most recognizable symbols. It has been the place of some of Austria's most historic moments, including Woflgang Amadeus Mozart's 1791 Paupers Funeral
Stupa
A hemispherical dome or mound built over a sacred relic, either of Buddha himself or a sanctified monk or a sacred text.
R-3
A high density residential use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise or medium-rise building/structure for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings with mixed housing types.
Tower of London
A historic monument in the centre of London, England, on the north bank of the River Thames.
Hexicaihua
A kind of Chinese color painting
Tulou, Hakka or Fujian Dwelling
A large enclosed and fortified earth building, circular or rectangular, made out of thick load bearing rammed earth walls, multi-storey and housing several families
Place Stanislas, Nancy
A large pedestrianized square with late Baroque civic buildings.
Megalith
A large stone used to construct a structure either alone or together with other stones, utilizing an interlocking system without the use of mortar or cement
I-1 (Industrial one)
A light industrial use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low rise but sprawling building/structure for low intensity manufacturing or production activities.
Jugan
A loophole through which guns could be fired ot arrows shot
Inigo Jones
A man with dominating personality and brilliance
Buttress
A masonry projecting from a wall, provided to give additional strength to the same, and also to resist the thrust of the roof or wall, especially when concentrated at any one point.
Leon Cathedral (House of Light)
A masterpiece of the Gothic style dominating the mid-13th century by master architect Enrique
Heidelberg Castle
A mix of Gothic to Renaissance style. Prince Elector Ruprecht III erected the first representative building in the inner courtyard as a regal residence.
El Hogar Filipino Building
A neo-classical and Renaissance building built as a wedding gift for the union of a Zobel daughter and a Peruvian count back in 1914
San Cataldo
A notable example of the Arabian - Norman architecture which flourished in Sicily under the Norman domination of the island. Founded around 1160 by admiral Majone di Bari, in the 18th century the church was used as a post office.
Manueline Style
A peculiarly Portuguese phenomenon was taken from the name of King Manuel I. It is decorative rather than structural in character.
Herm
A pier ending in a head or bust, often a female figure used as a support.
Gymnasium
A place for physical exercises
Valley of the Queens
A place near the Valley of the Kings where wives of Pharaohs were buried in ancient times
UTS (Utilities, transportation and services)
A range of utilitarian/functional uses or occupancies, characterized mainly as a low-rise or mediumrise building/structure for low to high intensity community support functions, e.g., terminals/inter-modals/multimodals and depots
Hindu Temple
A representation of the macrocosm (the universe) as well as the microcosm (the inner space). These temples are built in key geographical points, such as a hill top, near waterfalls, caves and rivers, which makes worship easier - to contemplate to their God
Stick Style
A revival of half-timbered architecture
Corfe Castle, Dorset
A ring and bailey castle built in early Norman times during the era of William the Conqueror.
Great Temple, AbuSimbel
A rock-hewn temple with 4 rock-cut colossal statues of Rameses II, over 20m high
Chogajip
A roof plaited by rice straw of Korea
Cartouche
A rope enclosing a royal name thereby serving as the protector of that name
Caryatid
A sculpted female figure serving as a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head
Rock Shelter
A shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
Palace of Persepolis
A showcase for the empire, was begun by Darius I, mostly executed by Xerxes I and finished by Artaxerxes I about 460 BC
Bodhighara
A shrine enclosing a bodhi tree which consists of two platforms, with the tree on the upper platform roof was neither circular nor square
Cavetto
A simple hollow moulding
Tuscan Order
A simpler version of the Doric, has an unfluted shaft and a simplified base, capital, and entablature.
Collar-braced Roof
A simplified hammer-beam form
Entasis
A slight curvature on the column's profile
Fillet
A small plain face to separate other mouldings
Sekimori-ishi
A small round stone bound with straw rope in the shape of a cross. It indicates to guests that the area beyond it is out of bounds (Element of Japanese Garden)
Pinnacle
A small spire
Caste System
A social group, based partly on occupation which grew up with Hinduism
Ishiotoshi
A special chamber built out over the wall of the castle. Its floor could be opened downwards to drop rocks onto the heads of attackers trying to scale the walls.
Opus Signinum
A special mixture of ground terra cotta and lime used for the lining of water channels, aqueducts and reservoirs.
Salientes
A spouting jet fountain
Masugata
A square embattlement which forced anyone entering the castle to make a right-angled turn before he could pass through the gate
Daeungjeon
A squareshaped three-story building that was built in the middle of the Joseon Dynasty. This is a very rare style of wooden pagoda found in Korea
Tsukubai
A stone basin and ladle used by guests to wash their hands and rinse out their mouths before entering the teahouse (Element of Japanese Garden)
Ishidoro
A stone lantern (Element of Japanese Garden)
Nemes Crown
A stripped head cloth worn almost exclusively by the king in representations like a sphinx of falcon
St. Philbert, Tournus
A structure of the early First Romanesque style & early Gothic styles during the beginning of the 11th cent.
Chrysler Building, Manhattan
A stunning statement of Art Deco style by William Van Alen. It was the tallest building in the world in 1930
Wayō
A style developed in art and architecture in Japan during the Heian period by the esoteric sects Tendai and Shingon on the basis of contemporary Chinese architecture. (Styles of Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Gassho-Zukuri
A style minka have vast roofs that are a large form of the sasu structural system. (Types of Japanese Folk House)
Trompe-l'oeil'
A style of painting with realistic imagery to create a 3D effect and the figures are painted out of the frame. It's a French word meaning "deceive the eye"
Zenshūyō
A style which takes its name from its creator, the Buddhist Zen sect, and which emerged in the late 12th or early 13th century on the basis of contemporary Chinese architecture (Styles of Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Parthenon, Athens
A supreme example of Classical Greece, dedicated to Athena Parthenos
Dougong
A system of brackets inserted between the top of a column and a crossbeam. Unique structural component and one of the most important elements in traditional Chinese architecture.
Tokyō
A system of supporting blocks and brackets supporting the eaves of a Japanese building, usually part of a Buddhist temple or Shinto shrine
Obelisk
A tall 4-sided narrow tapering column terminating in a pyramidion, its most scared part (Parts of an Egyptian Temple)
Rock-cut Tombs
A temple or tomb excavated in native rock without the aid of masonry, or with but little masonry; usually presents an architectural front with dark interior chambers, of which sections are supported by masses of stone left in the form of solid pillars
Hanok
A term used to describe Korean traditional houses
American Colonial Architecture
A term usually applied to colonial buildings constructed in America by English immigrants to the New World
Hahoe Folk Village
A traditional village from the Joseon Dynasty. The 'Ha' is short for river and 'hoe' means to 'turn around, return, come back."
Pendetive
A triangular curved overhanging surface to support a circular dome over a square or polygonal compartment
Heddal Stave Church
A triple nave stave church and is Norway's largest
Hopperstad Stave Church
A triple-nave stave church & one of the oldest still standing
Yundo
A type of compass, is an essential tool for feng shui experts to interpret the Earth's energy
Shikumen
A type of tenement housing unique to Shanghai
Skene
A wall or facade to hide backstage action on the Greek stage for costume changing (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Bay Window
A window of a protruded bay
Drawbridge
A wooden bridge leading to a gateway, capable of being raised or lowered to either accommodate or prevent entry into the castle
Palsangjeon (Hall of Eight Pictures)
A worship hall found on a Korean Buddhist temple complex that contains the "Palsang", the series of painted murals depicting the eight stages in the life of the historic Buddha, Sakyamuni.
Palaestra
A wrestling school. The events that did not require a lot of space, such as boxing and wrestling, were practiced here.
Tutankhamun
A young pharaoh at the age of 9 so his uncle Ay, who was the highest minister, ruled for him while he was a boy
Awarded Project Construction Cost
APCC
Philip Johnson and John Burgee
AT&T Building
United Silla Architecture
Absorbed the culture of the T'ang dynasty in China, and at the same time developed a unique cultural identity. Period of peace and cultural advancement in all fields of the arts
Group J
Accessory (Agricultural and other occupancies)
Francisco Manosa
According to him, Philippine architecture is infusing today's design strategies, materials and technology yet retaining its distinctive design elements
St. Gereon, Cologne
According to the medieval legend, the name patron of St. Gereon was a Roman officer, who died along with 318 legionaires for his faith.
Selecting and implementing the most suitable solution.
Action
A building design approach that addresses the problem of inducing comfort by means of equipment that consume energy.
Active cooling
Kabuki Theater
Actors with painted faces and extravagant costumes perform traditional stories to the accompaniment of chanting and shamisen music
Stellar Vaulting
Addition of lierne ribs produced the star-shaped pattern
Is the most common type of spatial relationship. It allows each space to be clearly defined and to respond, each in its own way, to specific functional or symbolic requirements.
Adjacent spaces
Minoan
Aegean civilization which flourished in Crete under the legendary King Minos Knossos
Mycenaean
Aegean mainland civilization, after one of the great centers, Mycenae
Wedge
Aggressive formation used to 'crack open' enemy lines.
Is vital in passively-cooled environments in hot-humid localities This is particularly critical for most urban areas and lowlands in the Philippines
Air movement
Group E Division 3
Aircraft hangars and open parking garages where no repair work is done except exchange of parts
Hisashi
Aisle like areas that surround moya
Siddharta Gautama
Aka Buddha, founder of Buddhism
Hagia Irene
Aka Hagia Eirene "Holy Peace", sometimes known also as Saint Irene, is an Eastern Orthodox Church located in the outer courtyard of Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, Turkey
Vardhamana
Aka Mahavira
Meridian Gate
Aka noon gate; parts of the forbidden city
Wide eaves, underside was fitted with latticed vents
Alero
Hutong
Alleyway formed by the courtyard houses
AMBF
Allowable maximum building footprint
Tertiare
Also called "flamboyant", is a florid style of late Gothic & characterized by flame-like window tracery
Perpendicular Gothic
Also called 3rd Pointed or Rectilinear. This style was characterized by strong vertical lines in window tracery and wall paneling
Early English Gothic
Also called Lancet or First Pointed Style. This style was characterized by long, pointed, narrow, lancet windows.
Tudor Gothic
Also called Late Perpendicular. This style was a shift from the pointed, ornate Gothic style to the plainer Renaissance style.
Decorated Gothic
Also called Second Pointed, Geometrical or Curvilinear. This style was characterized by fanciful window tracery.
Italianate Architecture
Also called the Bracketed Style. Characteristics of this style include elaborate eave brackets, segmental windows, and decorative hood moulding.
Bhadgaon
Also known as Bhaktpur "city of devotee". Home of medieval art and architecture; regarded as the oldest city of the valley.
Dharma Dida (Island of Buddhist Doctrine)
Also known as Ceylon
Sta. Maria Dei Miracoli
Also known as the "marble church" within and without
Dura-Europos Church
Also known as the Dura-Europos house church; the earliest identified Christian house church
Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae
Also known as the Tomb of Agamemnon
Taj Mahal (Palace of the Crown)
Also known as the pearl of India represents absolute perfection. It is erected by Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved queen, Arjumand Banu Begum, called Mumtaz Mahal
Opus Mixtum
Alternation of courses of bricks and small squared stones
Renzo Piano
Although he is best known for his "hi-tech" public spaces, according to architecture critic Paul Goldberger, "Unlike most other architectural stars, he has no signature style. Instead, his work is characterized by a genius for balance and context..."
Angles are represented as concentric circular dotted lines that run from the center of the diagram out.
Altitude Lines
Pradakshina Patha
Ambulatory passageway for circumambulation (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Jeffersonian Style
An Americal form of Neo-Classicism or Neo-Palladian based on U.S. president and patriot, Thomas Jefferson
100km
An Architect or duly authorized representative is required to perform services at a locality beyond
Bristol Cathedral
An Augustinian priory. It has a rectangular chapter house with bold interlaced wall arcades.
Benedictine Monastery, Melk
An Austrian Benedictine abbey & one of the world's most famous monastic sites
Salisbury Cathedral
An English Gothic cathedral with with the tallest spire in England. It contains the world's oldest working clock
Space Management Studies
An analysis of the space requirement of the project based on organizational structure and functional set-up pinpoints linkages and interaction of spaces
Necropolis, Cerveteri
An ancient Etruscan burial city
Stave Church
An ancient style of church constructed entirely of wood and unique to Norway
Chevet
An apse having a surrounding ambulatory of which are chapels
Second Empire or Mansard Style
An architectural style so named for the "French" elements in vogue during the era of the Second French Empire
Anapji
An artificial pond in the place located in Gyeongju, the capital of the Silla Kingdom
The Pantheon
An early example of Neoclassicism, with a façade modeled on the Pantheon in Rome, surmounted by a dome
Barrow/ Tumulus
An earthen mound burial
Serdab
An enclosed room containing the statue of the deceased (Parts of a Mastaba)
Tombs, Beni Hasan
An example of a Hillside Tomb with 39 ancient elaborately decorated tombs carved into the limestone cliffs
Valley of the Kings
An example of a corridor tomb. It was the royal necropolis of Ancient Egypt where the kings and powerful nobles were buried
Theater Epidaurus
An impressive open-air theater renowned for its nearly perfect architecture and acoustics.
Monotriglyph
An interval of 1 triglyph
Ditriglyph
An interval of 2 triglyphs
Polytriglyph
An interval of more than 2 triglyphs
Agora
An open place of assembly and a center of social and business life
Corinthian Order
An order invented by Callimachus
Doric Order
An order that has masculine quality, no base and has 20 flutes
Ionic Order
An order that is originated from nautilus shell and ram's horn
Wieskirche, Steinhausen
An oval rococo church, design in the late 1740's by Dominikus Zimmermann. It is the most celebrated Rococo church, but has an exterior as simple as a barn.
Savidug Ijang
Ancient fortifications on a a high promontory giving a strategic view of the sea and surrounding land areas
Sinhala
Ancient name for Sri Lanka/Ceylon in Sanskrit and Sinhalese
Assyria
Ancient name for the northeastern part of modern Iraq
Vedic Religion
Ancient religion of India that was contemporary with the composition of the Vedas and was the precursor of Hinduism
Zhaigong
Another type of gong, where the emperor prepared himself for abstinence before he offers sacrifice at grand ceremonies
Refers to the measurement of the size and proportions of the human body.
Anthropometry
5% of the Consultant's fee
AoR's fee for coordinating and relating the work of the consultant to the work of Aor using time based methods or percentage basis equivalent to
Value Management
Applied in cost management process to minimize the negative effect of simplified operations associated with many cost-reduction programs
Prior to actually passing into the interior of a building, we approach its entrance along a path. This is the first *phase of the circulation system*, during which we are prepared to see, experience, and use the spaces within a building.
Approach
Consultation
Architect gives oral or written advice, attend conferences, make evaluations and appraisals
Design Brief Preparation
Architect states the project terms of reference including concept, objectives, and others.
Pre-Qualification
Architect/s and/or PRC-registered Architectural Firms submit information regarding their qualification and expertise
Group 10
Architects render opinion, advice clarifications or explanation on technical matters pertaining to his profession
Ornamental Pillar
Architectural ornament, often seen on the grounds of palaces, imperial gardens and mausoleums. It is also seen at some crossroads to mark the thoroughfares.
Joseon Architecture
Architectural style followed throughout Korea based on the Aesthetics of Neo-Confucianism: - Practicality - Frugality - Harmony with nature
The art and science of designing and constructing buildings.
Architecture
Hindu Architecture
Architecture in India well known for its intricate carvings and stone work.
Shinto Architecture
Architecture of Japanese Shinto shrines
Korean Architecture
Architecture that: - Create perfect harmony with nature - Reflected the human scale - Create visual elegance in external forms several design skills were contrived - Has variety of decorations and colors - Can be aesthetically characterized by moderate elegance in decoration and humble openness in architectural design
Goryeo Architecture
Architecture was inspired by Buddhism - temples and pagoda
Gargoyles
Are functional waterspouts and are said to scare off evil spirits
Ranma
Are panels found above shoji or fusuma that are designed to let light into rooms (Elements of a Japanese House)
Bridges (Pons)
Are simple, solid & practical in construction & designed to offer a well-calculated resistance to the rush of water
Hall Churches
Are special characteristics of German Gothic, with naves and aisles approximately of the same height without the triforium and clerestory
A land or a climate having little or no rain and is typically too dry or barren to support lush vegetation.
Arid
The conscious use of skill, craft, and creative imagination in the production of what is beautiful, appealing, or of more than ordinary significance.
Art
Style Moderne; marked by geometric motifs, streamlined and curvilinear forms, sharply defined outlines, often bold colors.
Art Deco Style
Style of fine and applied art characterized by fluid, undulating motifs, often derived from natural forms.
Art Nouveau Style
A method or manner of jointing that makes the united parts clear, distinct, and precise in relation to each other.
Articulation
Group I
Assembly Occupant Load 1000 or More
Group H
Assembly other than Group I
Crenellations (Battlements)
At the top of curtain walls. The merlons are upstanding parts of an embattled parapet between 2 crenels. The crenels allow the firing of arrows.
Is a large open space, often several stories high and having a glazed roof and/or large windows.
Atrium
Angles run around the edge of the diagram.
Azimuth Lines
Building Information Model
BIM
Business Process Outsourcing
BPO
Sitangkai
Badjao: build permanent homes on the shore while the group live in the houseboat called sakayan.
The summer capital of the Philippines.
Baguio City
Halige
Bahay Kubo Materials: House post
Kilo
Bahay Kubo Materials: Rafters
Palupo
Bahay Kubo Materials: Ridge Pole
Palatpat
Bahay Kubo Materials: bamboo strips tied on to the rafters with rattan vines as the main supports of the roofing
Patukuran
Bahay Kubo Materials: beam laid over the yawi at right angle, thus completing the perimeter.
Kahab-an
Bahay Kubo Materials: connects the bottom ends of the rafters together
Soleras
Bahay Kubo Materials: floor joist are laid
Gililan
Bahay Kubo Materials: floor sills run around the outermost periphery of the soleras to support the walls
Wall Sidings
Bahay Kubo Materials: kept in place with the help of the rattan lashings, horizontal bamboo studs clamp the sidings together on both sides
Pawid
Bahay Kubo Materials: nipa shingles made by stripping leaves from the petiole and bending them over a narrow bamboo slats
Sikang
Bahay Kubo Materials: poles which cross the rafters halfway down the slope
Samil
Bahay Kubo Materials: refers to several layers of nipa leaflets that have been combed lengthwise over bamboo slats
sahig
Bahay Kubo Materials: slatted floor. Rattan or bamboo strips tie the different parts to each other.
Papangkol
Bahay Kubo Materials: two panels of vertical-split bamboo are clamped together for the panels to grip each other, keeping the rain from coming in
Tarugo
Bahay Kubo Materials: wooden peg
Bulwagan
Bahay Kubo Parts: Living Room
silong
Bahay Kubo Parts: Lower part of the house used as an enclosure for keeping domesticated animals such as swine and fowl and storage for household implements, goods, crops and is some cases as burial grounds for the dead
Dapogan
Bahay Kubo Parts: consists of table, river stones and a shoe-shaped stove (kalan)
Bangahan
Bahay Kubo Parts: later hispanized into a banguerra - pots, dishes and other utensils are kept
Kamalig
Bahay Kubo Parts: separate storehouse on stilts where unhulled rice is kept
Paglutuan or "gilir"
Bahay Kubo Parts: which may sometimes be a separate structure where food is prepared
Silid
Bahay Kubo Parts:keep clothes and personal belongings. (sleeping area)
A state of equilibrium between contrasting, opposing, or interacting elements. Also the pleasing or harmonious arrangement or proportion of parts or elements in a design or composition.
Balance
More ornate than the Renaissance style; deliberate in its attempt to impress, and was lavish of all styles, both in its use of materials and in the effects it achieves.
Baroque Style
Unit Cost Method
Based on cost per square meter of the project
Final Project Construction Cost
Based on cost records that will be submitted to the architect upon the completion of the project
Bay
Basic unit of the house floor space in Chinese Architecture
The concepts and ideas were characterized chiefly by the synthesis of technology, craft, and design aesthetics; emphasizes on functional design.
Bauhaus Style
My dormmates <3
Beautiful Women
Brahman
Belief in a cosmic principle of ultimate reality
Reincarnation
Belief in the transmigration of souls when a person dies, his soul enters the body of a newborn child/new person or even the body of an animal
Refers to the balanced arrangement of similar or equivalent elements on opposite sides of a median axis so that only one plane can divide the whole into essentially identical halves.
Bilateral Symmetry
Nile
Birth of early Egyptian civilization
Judaea
Birthplace of Christianity
Talus/ Glacis
Bold sloping thickness at the foot of walls
"Fay-u" house
Bontoc: dwelling of the wealthy Bontoc. Built directly on the ground.
cha-la-nan
Bontoc: means ground floor
Barrel/ Wagon-Headed/ Tunnel Vault
Borne throughout its length on the two parallel walls of a rectangular plan.
Gong
Bow-shaped brackets
Katyufong
Bpntoc: poor man‟s dwelling
Opus Testaceum
Brick facing with pyramidal ends
Shendao (The Sacred Way)
Broad ways at the entrance of Chinese tombs
Emphasizes the aesthetic use of basic building processes, especially of cast-in-place concrete, with no apparent concern for visual amenity.
Brutalism Style
Mahayana and Theravada
Buddhism's 2 major branches
Gakhwangjeon Hall
Buddhist temple in Gurye, Jeollanam-do, South Korea. It is one of the monastery's two principal halls and overlooks the northwest end of the courtyard. It is an outstanding example of Joseon Dynasty Buddhist architecture and was designated National Treasure 67 in 1962
BHL
Building Height Limit
Kagura-den
Building dedicated to Noh or the sacred kagura dance (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Metal
Building material used for ornaments in Nepal Architecture
Brick
Building material used for structural purposes in Nepal Architecture
Rubble or Cut Stone
Building materials of houses and palaces in Greek Architecture
Group 3
Buildings of Exceptional character and complexity of plan/design requiring comparatively large amounts of research and of engineering and allied architectural design
Group 2
Buildings of moderate complexity of plan/design requiring a moderate amount of research and of engineering and allied architectural design
Group 1
Buildings of the simple utilization and caharacter
S. Francesco, Ravenna
Built by Bishop Neone and was run by the Franciscan friars
Town Hall, Leuven
Built by Brabantine Late Gothic style between 1448 - 1469, is famous for its ornate architecture, crafted in lace-like detail by Mathieu de Layens
Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem
Built by Constantine over the reputed tomb of Christ
St. Apollinaire in Classe, Ravenna
Built by Emperor Justinian
S. Maria Maggiore, Rome
Built by Pope Sixtus III
Baptistry of Constantine, Rome
Built by Sixtus III, was among the oldest of Italian Baptisteries
St. Apollinaire Nuovo, Ravenna
Built by Theodoric the Great
Temple of Horus, Edfu
Built from sandstone blocks, is the most completely preserved of all temple remains
Gyeongbokgung Palace
Built in 1395, also commonly referred to as the Northern Palace because its location is furthest north when compared to the neighboring palaces of Changdeokgung (Eastern Palace) and Gyeongheegung (Western Palace) Palace. It is arguably the most beautiful, and remains the largest of all five palaces
TREE - HOUSES
Built in forked branches of 6.0-18.00 m. trees or atop 4.50 - 6.0 m. high stumps which serves as a foundation
Dromore Caste, Limerick, Ireland
Built in the 2nd half of the 19th century by the 3rd Earl of Limerick and designed by Edward William Goodwin.
Flatland Mountain Castles (Hirayamajiro)
Built on a hill or high plateau in the middle of a lord's domain with residences (Types of Japanese Castle)
Bulguksa (Pulguksa) Temple
Built on a stone platform at the foothill of Mt. Toham near Gyeongju, is the oldest existing temple in Korea. The temple was first founded early in the sixth century and was entirely rebuilt and enlarged in 752
S. Paolo Fuori Le Mura, Rome
Built over the grave of S. Paul and was the largest basilica in Rome until St. Peter's was completed in 1626
Helm Roof
Bulbous termination of a tower
Insulation material acts as thermal mass and resists the transfer of heat. It includes materials such as mineral wool, cellulose fiber, polyester and polystyrene
Bulk insulation
Type of insulation is more effective at preventing loss of cool air from the building and so improves the efficiency of air-conditioning.
Bulk insulation
Ospedale Maggiore, Milan
By Antonio Filarete, was the earlist municipal hospital
Porta Pila, Genoa
By Bartolomeo Bianco, is a gateway for the defensive walls of Verona
S. Andrea, Vercelli
By Cardinal Guala Bicchieri, is closest in spirit and form to the French gothic style
S. Susanna
By Carlo Madema, has a façade with enframed niches
Granada Cathedral
By Diego de Siloe, is one of the grandest renaissance churches in S. Spain.
Pilgrimage Church, Steinhausen
By Dominikus Zimmermann, is the 1st Bavarian Rococo church, light & white in effect, instead of dark and mystical
Iconoclastic Movement
By Emperor Leo III, forbade all representations of human or animal forms in sculptures which affected Byzantine church architecture
Chateau De Maisons
By Francois Mansart, is a prime example of French Baroque
Palais de Fontainebleau
By Gilles Le Breton, depends for its attraction on the courts, fomral gardens, terraces, lakes and radiating vistas. It is one of the largest French royal chateau.
Palazzo Carignano, Turin
By Guarino Guarini, has an undulating facade in brick and terra-cotta
Arc De Triomphe
By Jean Chalgrin, is the 2nd largest triumphal arch in the world
Karlskirche, Vienna
By Johann Bernhard Fischer, is one of the most outstanding baroque churches north of the alps
Palazzo dei Normanni (Royal Palace)
By King Roger houses La Capella Palatina, known for its marvelous & colorful mosaics.
S. Andrea, Mantua
By Leon Bautista Alberti, has a facade that looks like a Roman Triumphal arch
San Sebastiano, Mantua
By Leon Bautista Alberti, was the 1st Renaissance church in a Greek cross plan
Palacio Nacional, Queluz
By Mateo de Oliveira in Rococo style. It is commonly referred to as the Portuguese Versailles.
Palais de Louvre
By Pierre Lescot, is one of the most imposing palaces in Europe
Madeleine Church
By Pierre-Alexander Vignon, was built to the glory of Napoleon's army. It was built in Neo-Classical style and was inspired by the Maison Carree at Nimes, one of the best-preserved of all Roman temples.
King's College Chapel
By Reginald Ely, is one of the finest examples of late Gothic
Longleat House, Wilts
By Robert Smythson, is widely regarded as the best example of high Elizabethan architecture in Britain
Burghley House, Northants
By Sir William Cecil, is the largest and the grandest mansion of the first Elizabethan age
Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire
By Thomas Thorpe, is one of England's greatest Elizabethan mansions
Construction Manager
CM
Conceptual Master Development Plan
CMDP
Cost plus Adjusted Fee
CPAF
Cost plus Incentive Fee
CPIF
Construction Supervision Group
CSG
Latticed openings above interior walls
Calado
Exeter Cathedral
Called a Decorated Gothic Cathedral "par excellence"
Nong
Called by Shanghai local people
Seoul
Capital of South Korea
Byzantium
Capital of the Empire during the rule of Constantine in Early Christian Period
INTRAMUROS
Capital of the Philippines during the Spanish regime
Water Castles (Mizushiro)
Castle that is jut out into a body of water (Types of Japanese Castle)
Tenshu
Castle tower
Le Mans Cathedral
Cathedral of S. Julienne; has notable chevet with 13 chapels of unusual projection
Katawhang lumad
Cebuano term meaning native or indigenous.
Sculptured Memorials
Cenotaphs or monumental blocks in honor of persons buried elsewhere (Class of Tomb)
Station of Brahma
Center of mandala, the first of beings and the engineer of universal order
Acroterion
Center ridge of a Greek temple
Hypocaust
Central floor heating system in a thermae
Is a stable, concentrated composition that consists of a number of secondary spaces grouped around a large, dominant, central space.
Centralized organization
Dagoba
Ceylon counterpart of Indian stupa. This is usually the focal point of an alahana complex and were originally cone shaped mounds called "paddy heaps"
Lady Chapel
Chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary
Megaron
Characteristic domestic unit of Aegean
Forbidden City
Chinese Imperial palace from the Ming dynasty to the end of Qing, built by Emperor Yunglo, Son of Heaven
Pinyin Ta
Chinese name of pagoda
Torana (Gateway)
Circular stone gateways around the 4 axis of the stupa (Parts of a Stupa)
Vatadage/ Wata de ge/ Chethiyagara
Circular structure that encloses a small stupa for protection
Apse
Circular termination of the church (Parts of a Basilican Church)
The passage of persons or things from one place to another or through an area.
Circulation
The stair and ramp penetrate and link the three levels, and heighten the viewer's perception of forms in space and light. The curved form of the entrance foyer reflects the movement of the automobile.
Circulation System
To the Greeks and Romans of classical antiquity, the Orders represented in their proportioning of elements the perfect expression of beauty and harmony. The basic unit of dimension was the diameter of the column
Classical Orders
Derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture
Classical Style
These are high, vertically placed windows that are ideally north facing. Can be a good source of diffuse light, and can also be useful in allowing hot air to leave the building.
Clerestory windows
Notre Dame Du Port
Clermont-Ferrand, built in sandstone, is one of the Romanesque churches in Auvergne known as the "greater" churches,
Per Diem, Honorarium plus Reimbursable Expenses
Client's request may require the personal time of the architect
A measure of the average pattern of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods of time.
Climate
Relies on physical proximity to relate its spaces to one another. It often consists of repetitive, cellular spaces that have similar functions and share a common visual trait such as shape or orientation.
Clustered organization
Coastal Fortifications
Coastal ports were fortified to secure the sea links. (Types of Castles)
Frigidarium
Cold bath
Is the attribute that most clearly distinguishes a form from its environment. It also affects the visualweight of a form.
Color
Pillars of Victory
Column erected to record triumphs
A *linear element* , the cylindrical shaft commemorates the emperor's victory over Germanic tribes north of the Danube.
Column of Marcus Aurelius
Jusimpo
Column-head bracket, brackets are placed only at the head of the columns (Korean Wooden Architecture Element)
Noh Stage, Nara
Combines acting, a chorus and orchestra used by shrines and temples to explain religious concepts to common people
Beaux Arts Style
Combining classical Greek and Roman architectural with Renaissance ideas, Beaux Arts was a favored style for grand public buildings and opulent mansions.
Bent Entrance
Compels the invaders to follow a confined route while exposed to lateral fire hazards of retaliation
Employing a combination of the preceding patterns. To avoid the creation of a disorienting maze, a hierarchical order among the paths and nodes of a building should be established by differentiating their scale, form, length, and placement.
Composite
CDMP
Comprehensive Development Master Plan
Comprehension of the ordered and disordered relationships among a building's elements and systems and responding to the meanings they evoke.
Conceptual
*Invisible* or *imaginary* architecture; represents plans and drawings for buildings and cities that have never been constructed and pure research or speculation.
Conceptual Architecture
All paths of movement are linear in nature. And all npaths have a starting point, from which we are taken through a sequence of spaces to our destination.
Configuration of path
Seowan
Confucian academies in Korea
Chaitya
Congregational hall or temples, where monks and the people meet and interact, also a place of worship
Koth Kerella
Conical spire (Parts of a Dagoba)
Cothay Manor
Considered being the most perfect of small, classic, medieval buildings in England today.
Imperial Forums
Consist of a series of monumental public squares (Types of Forum)
Viharas
Consisted of a central hall with small cells all around in which the monks lived
Order
Consists of an upright column, the base and the capital and the horizontal entablature
Soissons Cathedral
Construction began about 1195, and continued into the late 13th century. The single tower dates from the mid 13th century and is an imitation of those of Notre Dame de Paris
Gal Vihara Rock Temple
Containing the four statues of Buddha; two seated image, one standing image, and one reclining image
Coemeteria or Subterranean Vault
Contains both the columbaria and loculi (Class of Tomb)
Naos
Contains the statue of a god or goddess (Parts of a Greek Temple)
A simple exterior form wraps around a complex interior organization of forms and spaces. Elevating the main floor provides a better view and avoids the humidity of the ground. A garden terrace distributes sunlight to the spaces gathered around it.
Context
These climates have an average temperature above 10 °C (50 °F) in their warmest months, and a coldest month average below −3 °C. These usually occur in the interiors of continents and on their upper east coasts, normally north of 40°N.
Continental Climate (D)
Incentive type contracts
Contracts appropriate for initial stages of the project
Opposition or juxtaposition of dissimilar elements in a work of art to intensify each element's properties and produce a more dynamic expressiveness.
Contrast
Well-placed louvers or windows, at floor level and at the highest point of the room, create ___________________________ which draws air into the building and creates breezes to cool occupants.
Convection air flow
Convey calmness and peace (best for office use). They have a tendency to appear smaller next to a warm color. They often work well as a background color.
Cool colors
Moya
Core of a Japanese building
Reims Cathedral
Coronation church of the French kings and one of the finest Gothic structures ever built. Its vast scale, masterful design and rich sculptural adornment are virtually without equal.
Ro
Corridor wings
Si He Yuan
Courtyard house
Sumo Ring
Covered with Shinto Roof suspended by 22mm. thich cable from ceiling of the large stadium
Kathmandu Valley
Crossroads of ancient civilization of Asia; named after a structure in Durbar Square called "Kaasthamandap" (wood + covered shelter)
a system of streets and blocks laid out in gridiron form. This method was efficient in maximizing space and in the supervision of colonial subjects.
Cuadricula
Harmika
Cube form above the dome, usually painted with a pair of eyes
Aduana/Intendencia
Custom House which serves as a central treasury
Wheel
Cycle of life, death and rebirth/ teaching of Buddha
Samsara
Cycle of rebirth
Hatharas Kotuwa
Cylindrical nech with statues of deities carved on the surface (Parts of a Dagoba)
Detailed Architectural Design Services
DADS
Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design Services
DAEDS
Detailed Master Development Plan
DMDP
Natmandir
Dancing hall (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Start on the eastern side of the graph and run to the western side and represent the path of the sun on one particular day of the year.
Date Lines
Laon Cathedral
Dates from the 12th century and is known for its imposing towers
Cool dry season
December to February
The dry season
December to May
"Neo-modern" or "post-structuralism"; questions traditional assumptions and takes modernist abstraction to an extreme and exaggerates already known motifs.
Deconstruction Style
Michaelangelo
Decorated the Sistine Chapel ceiling
Tōrō
Decorative stone lanterns (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Temple of Mars Ultor, Rome
Dedicated to Mars by Augustus to avenge the death of Caesar
Torcello Cathedral, Venice
Dedicated to Sta. Maria Assunta
Ishtar Gate
Dedicated to the goddess Ishtar with bas-relief of lions in blue glazed tiles
Rampart
Defensive earthen bank surrounding a castle or a fortress
Orb
Defensive formation in the shape of a complete circle which could be taken by a unit which had become detached from the army's main body.
Project Definition Phase
Definition of requirements of the project by the owner
Pailous/ Bailous/ Paifang
Derived from Indian toranas; erected in memory of virtuous people; ceremonial entrances/ archways to temple, tombs or occasionally spanning a street
Theory that simply explains events or phenomena.
Descriptive Theory
Is the creation and organization of formal elements in a work of art.
Design
Design principle is a fundamental and comprehensive concept of visual perception for structuring and aesthetic composition.
Design principle
A purposeful activity aimed at devising a plan for changing an existing situation into a future preferred state.
Design process
Palais du Luxembourg
Designed by Salomon de Brosse, anticipates the formalized, Baroque design that typified later 17th century French Renaissance architecture
Bungalow
Detached, low-rise (single or one-and-a-half stories)
Feasibility Studies
Detailed analysis of the project based on pre-feasibility studies will determine the viability of a proposed development. requires primary data gathering
Comprehensive Development Planning
Detailed study of physical, social, economic and administrative components
Space Planning
Determines adequate size and appropriate configuration and assemblage for a proposed project in consideration of the use, allocation, and interface of spaces for given activities.
Towers
Deterrent to mining and to deflect missiles
International Style
Developed in Europe and the U.S. became the dominant tendency in Western architecture during the middle decades of the 20th century.
Perahera
Devoted to the glory of the Warrior God, Skandha
Spina
Dividing wall at the center of a circus
Lotus
Divinity/man's salvation
Department of Labor and Employment
DoLE
The KANKANAI
Domain includes Western Mountain Province, Northern Benguet and Southeastern Ilocos Sur.
Anda
Dome (Parts of a Stupa)
Simple Dome
Dome and pendetive are parts of the same sphere (Types of Dome)
Sikhara or Shikhara
Dome and steeple (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Compound Dome
Dome constructed separately from the pendative (Types of Dome)
Old House
Domestic architecture was marked by lofty roofs which had more storeys than the walls
Stele Pavilion
Double-eaved pavilion, located about halfway down the spirit road and surrounded by four huabiao, houses the great Shisanling Stele that announces the site.
They exhibit low precipitation, great variability in precipitation from year to year, low relative humidity, high evaporation rates (when water is available), clear skies, and intense solar radiation.
Dry Climate (B)
Karesansui
Dry garden
Caves
Dug in hillsides and were used as shrines or temples by monks.
Takuyaka Shiki
Dwellings elevated used mainly for storehouses used to protect rice, eventually developed into early Shinto shrine
Cave Dwellings
Earliest shelters in the Philippines.
Motte
Earthen conical mound of a castle
___________________ windows should be avoided to minimize radiation with low sun angles.
East-west
Wadang
Eaves tile
Harappa
Elevated citadel
Federal Style or Adam Style
Elliptical and round spaces were introduced during this period and the simple exterior box was often modified by projecting wings. There is lightness and restrained delicacy to Federal architectural components.
Sherpa House
Elongated in shape, two-storey house with a ridge roof
Endless Knot
Emblem of eternity
Peacock
Emblem of immortality and resurrection
Forming a public galleria or private corridor that relates to the spaces it links through entrances in a wall plane.
Enclosed
Skywell
Enclosed courtyard formed from the intersections of closely space buildings and offer small opening to the sky through the roof space from the floor up
Four exterior wall planes define a rectangular volume that contains the program elements and spaces.
Enclosure System
Tai Chi
Encompasses the whole concept of Feng Shui, it shows balance completeness, and it also gives the impression of movement
Entering a building, a room within a building, or a defined field of exterior space, involves the act of penetrating a vertical plane that distinguishes one space from another and separates "here" from "there."
Entrance
Parodos
Entrance to the chorus (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Baldachino
Erected on columns over the altar (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Flatland Castles (Hirajiro)
Erected on plains where surrounding castle towns could be built to serve as administrative centers (Types of Japanese Castle)
Basilican church
Erected over the burial place of the saint to whom the church was dedicated
Rostral Columns
Erected to celebrate naval victories; decorated with prows of ships and figures
Triumphal Arches
Erected to emperors and generals commemorating victorious campaigns
Jainism
Established in the 6th c. BCE by Vardhamana, called Mahavira "the Great Hero" or Jina, the "Victorious One". Based on asceticism and ahimsa, theory and practice of non-violence (non-injury to all living things)
Probable Project Construction Cost
Established on the date of signing of the Service Agreement
Cyrus the Great
Established the Persian Empire as the most powerful state in the world
Mangyans
Ethno-linguistic group inhabiting most of the highland region of Mindoro
Major proponent of Evolutionary Architecture.
Eugene Tsui
Colonial Period
Europeans had a distinct influence in India and their culture, first by trade and by conquest
Simulating, testing, and modifying acceptable alternatives according to specified goals and criteria.
Evaluation
Proto-Baroque
Evident in the works of Michaelangelo & Bernini as not fully developed Baroque. Churches are typified by widde naves and low ceilings crowned by high cupolas (domes). (Development of Renaissance)
Design that grows and develops based on climatic and ecological elements, as well as advances in technology; approached as a living organism as if natural forces had shaped the structure.
Evolutionary Architecture Style
Sukiyaki-Zukuri
Evolved from the shoin and teah house, more simpler and smaller, less formal
Covenant of Christ Tomar
Exemplifies Romanesque, Gothic, Manueline and Renaissance architectural styles. It has been in the World Heritage list of UNESCO since 1983
Shigeru Ban
Expo 2000 Japanese Pavilion
Buildings were treated not only as functional structures but also as sculptural objects
Expressionism Style
Paraskenia
Extensions or projecting wings on either side of the proscenium (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Group 8
Extensive detail such as designs for built in components or elements, counters, architectural interior
Framework Development Plan
FDP
Pre-Colonial Architecture
FOLK Architecture INDIGENOUS Architecture PRIMITIVE Architecture
Final Project Construction Cost
FPCC
Japanese Garden
Faithful representation of nature, impart a sense of simple and unspoiled beauty
Kenzo Tange
Famous for Hiroshima Peace Center and Memorial Park, where he combined Le Corbusier's five points with elements drawing from Japanese traditions
Hereford Cathedral
Famous for its library of chained books and for the 'Mappa Mundi'. a 13th century map of the world
Philip Johnson
Famous work is the Glass House
Vaisyas
Farmers, merchants, lawyers, and doctors. Born from the thighs. Varna color: yellow.
additional fees
Fast track projects require...
Stones
Favoured for temples and tombs during early Egyptian civilization
Time Basis
Fees which are charged on an agreed-to hourly (man-hours) or daily (per diem) or per month rate
Tamagaki
Fence surrounding the honden (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Gaya-jatri
Festival to worship the holy cows
1000
Firewall shall extend above the roof from 400 mm to __________mm.
Emperor Qin Shi Huang
First Chinese emperor
Vasco da Gama
First Portuguese explorer to reach India, open up trade routes from Europe to India, spice trade
Juan Felipe De Jesus Nakpil
First architect named National Artist. Pioneer of modern architecture in the Philippines.
Phalanx
First few ranks of soldiers would project their spears out over the first rank of shields.
Aryans
First invaders came from the northwest settling at Punjab
Medhi
First part in the circular base (Parts of a Stupa)
Cin
First recorded use of the word "China"
PRIMAL TUKLONG
First religious structures were built made of locally available materials and technology
Amalaka
Flattened fluted melon shaped massive stone member crowning the top of sikhara; dome (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Group 9
For alterations, renovations, rehabilitation, retrofit and expansion to existing buildings from 1-5
Colored Glazed
For decorative purposes (Types of Bricks)
Kiln-dried
For facing important buildings (Types of Bricks)
Circus
For horse and chariot-racing
Hippodrome
For horse and chariot-racing
Valley Building
For interment and embalmment (Parts of a Pyramid)
Sun-dried
For ordinary finish (Types of Bricks)
Chantry Chapel
For religious services to whomever the donor directs
Group 6
For repetitive construction of similar buildings
Niche/ Hemicycle
For retaining earth (Types of Roman Buttresses)
Cult Temple
For the worship of the ancient and mysterious gods (Types of Temples)
Mortuary Temple
For the worship of the dead (Parts of a Pyramid)
The formal structure of a work—the manner of arranging and coordinating the elements and parts of a composition so as to produce a coherent image.
Form
The primary identifying *characteristic of a volume*. It is established by shapes and interrelationships of the planes that describe the boundaries of the volume.
Form
Corridors, halls, galleries, stairways, and rooms.
Form of the circulation space
Chi Rho
Formed by superimposing the first two letters of the word "Christ" in Greek. It involves the crucifixion of Jesus as well as symbolizing his status as the Christ.
Cross Vault
Formed of 2 semi-circular vaults of equal span
Ceylon
Former name of Sri Lanka
Kyoto Imperial Palace
Former ruling palace of the Emperor of Japan
Little Hagia Sophia
Formerly the Church of the Saints Sergius and Bacchus, is a former Eastern Orthodox Church dedicated to Saints Sergius and Bacchus in Constantinople, converted into a mosque during the Ottoman Empire.
Propylaea
Forms the imposing entrance to the Acropolis
[(An+Cn+Tn) * M]+R
Formula for Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses
Site Selection and Analysis
Formulation of site criteria, site evaluation and determine most appropriate site for a proposed project
Vesara or Mixed Style
Found between Krishna and Vindhyas, mixed of the two styles, circular in plan, hard to distinguish, although one element that may help is the lower height of Vesara temple, characterized by a beehive shaped tower made up of layer upon layer of architectural elements or ornamentations (Style of Hindu Temple)
Nagara Style (North)
Found between the Vindhyas and Himalayas. This style is typified by the use of a square or cruciform plan. Prasada or vimana rises vertically from its base in a curvilinear form. Characterized by a beehive shaped tower made up of layer upon layer of architectural elements. (Style of Hindu Temple)
Dravidian Style (South)
Found in the temples between the Krishna River and Cape Comorin. Its temple towers are pyramidal, multiplication of storey after storey, with a roof that is vaulted octagonal or domical (Style of Hindu Temple)
Villa de San Miguel (feast of St. Michael).
Foundation of the first Hispanic settlement in Southeast Asia
Chandragupta
Founded and headed the first Indian Empire
Taoism
Founded by Lao Tzu offered a doctrine of universal love as solution to social disorder; main religion of China
Mahavira
Founder of Jainism
Hani Rashid
Founder of an organization called Asymptote Architecture Critics have described Asymptote's architectural style as "futuristic."
Walter Gropius
Founder of the Bauhaus School of Art.
Dangun Wanggeom
Founder of the first Joseon kingdom or Gojoseon
Chōzuya or temizuya
Fountain to cleanse one's hands and face (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Last Judgement
Fresco painting on the altar wall of Sistine Chapel
YAKAN
From the "Dayak origin" mostly found in the Interior of Basilan Island
Ardhamandapa
Front porch or the main entrance of the temple leading to the mandapa (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Pronaos
Front portico (Parts of a Greek Temple)
Repel Cavalry
Front rank formed a tight wall of shields with their pila protruding to form a line of spearheads ahead of the wall.
An approach leads directly to the entrance of a building along a straight, axial path. The visual goal that terminates the approach is clear.
Frontal Approach
Vahalkada
Frontispiece, face the 4 cardinal points, heavily ornamented (Parts of a Dagoba)
Division C-2 Zoning Classification
GI
Group E Division 1
Gasoline filling and service stations, storage garages and boat storage structures where no work is done except exchange of parts, no open flame, welding
Foo Lion
Gate of Heavenly Purity, Imperial Palace; also called "Foo Dogs," these guardian creatures typically flanked the entrances to Chinese palaces and other buildings
Torii Shinto Gate
Gate without doors - entrance to a Shinto shrine precint
Chudamanikya
Gemstone place on top of the kotha (Parts of a Dagoba)
Mandala
Generic name for any plan or chart which symbolically represents the cosmos (magic diagram of the cosmos). An expression of sacred geometry.
Durbar Square
Generic name used to describe plazas opposite old royal palaces in Nepal
Arabesque Pattern
Geometric shapes and pattern
Walter Gropius
German architect who broke form previous design with light, airy, bright buildings of glass and iron
"The passively cooled urban house", a prototype house designed by ________________________in collaboration with the Ministry of Energy.
Geronimo Manahan
An insulating material made from fibers of glass arranged using a binder into a texture similar to wool. The process traps many small pockets of air between the glass, and these small air pockets result in the thermal insulation properties.
Glass wool
Gupta Period
Golden age of India, revival of Hinduism and the beginning of free-standing Hindu temples
Revolutionary style of construction; emerged from Romanesque and Byzantine forms, characterized by a delicate balance of forces, with thrusts directed throughout a rigid structural lattice, features were height and light, achieved through a mixture of skeletal structures and ever increasing windows.
Gothic Style
L' Architecture Ogivale
Gothic style in France
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
Greatest Hindu deities
Ashoka
Greatest Mauryan King
Crepidoma
Greek temples rest on a platform composed of 3 or more steps
A grid configuration consists of two sets of parallel paths that intersect at regular intervals and create square or rectangular fields of space.
Grid
Consists of forms and spaces whose positions in space and relationships with one another are regulated by a three-dimensional grid pattern or field.
Grid organization
3%
Group 1 RPF DADS
5%
Group 1 RPF DAEDS
3.6%
Group 2 RPF DADS
6%
Group 2 RPF DAEDS
6% of PCC
Group 4 DADS RPF
10% of PCC
Group 4 DAEDS RPF
Monastic Village
Group of buildings designed for all the occupations of the monks
Palladian Motif
Grouping of arches and smaller free-standing twin columns with square head openings
Frank Gehry
Guggenheim Museum is the masterpiece of ______________. It is the culmination of his craft featuring swirling forms like a village.
Frank Lloyd Wright
Guggenheim Museum, New York
Ziggurat of Ur
Had a solid core of mud brick and faced with burnt brickwork. It carried the usual temple at the summit.
Basilica
Hall of justice & commercial exchange. Their central position indicates the importance of law & business in Old Rome.
Haiden
Hall of worship or oratory (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Geunjeongjeon (Throne Hall)
Hall where the king granted audiences to his officials, presided over large official functions and met foreign envoys. Largest and most formal hall in Gyeongbokgung.
Prevailing winds from November to April.
Hanging amihan (northeast),
Prevailing winds from May to October.
Hanging habagat (southwest)
Chateau Gaillard
Has a complex and advanced desgin, and uses early principles of concentric fortification. It was also one of the earliest European castles to use machicolations.
Angouleme Cathedral
Has a long aisle less nave, transepts with lateral chapels and an apsidal choir with four chapels forming a latin cross. The western facade is rich with tiers of arcades divided in five bays by lofty shafts.
Peterborough Cathedral
Has a magnificent facade of a Gothic screen with 3 enormous arches
Spoleto Cathedral
Has a notable external porch & the belfry was added in the 15th and 16th century respectively.
San Zeno Maggiore, Verona
Has a stern simple façade. It has a fine projecting porch and above it is a great wheel window which lights the nave
St. Gille-De-Gard
Has an elaborate sculptured façade & is among the most beautiful of the great Romanesque portals.
Abbey of St. Sernin, Toulose
Has an octagonal tower with a spire, 66 m. high that belongs to the Gothic period.
Stylobate
Has an upward curvature at its center of 2-3/8" on the shorter sides and 4-5/16" on the longer sides.
Worms Cathedral
Has apse ate both ends
Santa Sabina, Rome
Has been altered often but retained its original character
Tudor Rose
Has long been a royal emblem for England
St. Madeleine, Vezelay
Has one of the earliest pointed cross vaults in France.
Amiens Cathedral
Has slightly projecting transepts and sweeping chevet of 7 chapels. It was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritade List in 1981
Basilica di San Nicola, Bari
Has square appearance; seemingly more suited to a castle than to a church & was indeed used several times as castle during its history.
Valencia Cathedral
Has the Catalan version of Gothic. It has a mixture of artistic styles, ranging from the early Romanesque to Renaissance which makes it a jewel of universal architecture
Rouen Cathedral
Has the highest spire in France, erected in 1876. It was the world's tallest building from 1876 to 1880.
Temple-shaped Tombs
Have mortuary chapels with colonnaded portico and sepulchral vault (Class of Tomb)
Antoni Gaudi
He famous work is the Sagrada Familia
Renzo Piano
He is a master of one specific building type. He has designed dozens of museum buildings around the world becoming the most prolific museum designer of our time.
Frei Otto
He is the world's leading authority on lightweight tensile and membrane structures, and has pioneered advances in structural mathematics and civil engineering.
Le Corbusier
He practiced purism, and functionalism.
Eero Saarinen
He was famous for his varying style according to demand of the project; simple, sweeping, arching structural curves. He was also known for his innovative, sculptural forms
Oscar Niemeyer
He's the king of curves "mountains/waves/women = curves"
Gharbaya
Hemispherical dome (Parts of a Dagoba)
The articulation of the importance or significance of a form or space by its size, shape, or placement relative to the other forms and spaces of the organization.
Hierarchy
Mount Fuji
Highest mountain in Japan
Tsukiyama
Hill garden
Upanayana
Hindu initiation ceremony
I.M. Pei
His Famous work is The Louvre Pyramid
Frank Gehry
His concepts are: 1. Village of Forms 2. Piscine Movement/Pattern
Arata Isozaki
His designs in his early years are concept of metabolism movement. Hence Isozaki developed a style which reflected both Japanese traditions and West post-modern and mannerist influences.
Frank Lloyd Wright
His famous work is the Falling Water
Moshe Safdie
His famous work is the Marina Bay Sands Integrated Resort
Jorn Utzon
His famous work is the Sydney Opera House
Le Corbusier
His famous work is the Villa Savoye
Philip Johnson
His known for using international style and post modernism as his personal architectural style
Michael Graves
His strategy has been "to internalize the events of the building", identifying particular components of the program that can be given formal emphasis
Alejandro Aravena
His style is based on sustainability and minimalism with the use of: - light - concrete - space saving design
Frank Gehry
His style is labeled as deconstructivist though he doesn't want to be put in only one label. He denies the idea that he is restricted in a single restricted philosophy.
Revivalist Architecture
Historical fever revived other styles of architecture
Delos
Holds the position as a holy sanctuary and cult center in ancient Greece. It was a sacred place with splendid buildings and sanctuaries. It was included in the World's Cultural Heritage, protected by the UNESCO.
Indus Region
Home to the largest of the four ancient urban civilizations
Diazoma
Horizontal walkway between the lower and upper tier of seats (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Cuadra
Horse stable
Chaitya Arch
Horseshoe shape arch that decorates the facade
Caldarium
Hot bath or sauna
Are shown as figure-eight-type lines that intersect the date lines and represent the position of the sun at a specific hour of the day.
Hour Lines/Analemma
Yaodong
House cave, earth shelter dwelling carved out of a hillside or from a sunken courtyard
Mangyan House
House in the Mountainside or hillside of Mindoro
Insula (Apartment Blocks)
Houses for the lower classes Romans
Casa Lonja, Seville
Houses the General Archive of the Indies, a superb collection of books, plans, manuscripts and several million documents bearing on the history and administration of Spain's empire in the America and the Philippines
Group 7
Housing project with several simalar housing units on a single site
Goguryeo Tombs
Huge stone-pile tombs with murals on the inside depicting various scenes from the life of the deceased, but later tombs shifted from realism to symbolism (Stone Tomb Culture of 3 Korean Kingdoms)
In architecture is based on the dimensions and proportions of the human body.
Human Scale
Humidity refers to the moisture content of the atmosphere.
Humidity
Techniques of Feng Shui
I.M. Pei's concept
SINADUMPARAN
IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: One-storey main house with a partially submerged basement used as storage
JIN-JIN
IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: Roof is of multi- layered cogon system.
Rakhu
IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: Two-storey house
Site Utilization and Land-Use Studies
Identification of a site's development potentials through the proper utilization of land
Architectural Programming
Identification of both horizontal and vertical requirements in offering a solution. Space program with charaterizations of the envisioned spaces
Atman
Identity with the individual soul
Bale
Ifugao: dwellings of the more fortunate
Abong
Ifugao: poor man‟s dwelling
Central Terraces
Ifugao: rich man‟s choice house sites
Da Du
Imperial palace established by Genghis Khan
Donjon (Dungeon)
Important feature of a Japanese castle
90% of the Architect's Fee
In case the plans will not be implemented after the contract document phase
60%
In excess of 100km means another __% from PF
Comprehensive Architectural Services
In response to the demands of emerging complex building projects
Cost Record
Includes all payments made to the contractor, sub contractor, cost of materials supplied by the owner and other acquisition for all materials and services.
Shinto, Kami-No-Michi
Indigenous religion which started around 660 BCE. Way of the Gods (Kami) with sun as the most important god
The KALINGA
Inhabits the area in the middle Chico River.
Binuron House
Inhabits the banks of the Apayao River and its tributaries in Northern Luzon.
the ISNEG
Inhabits the banks of the Apayao River and its tributaries in Northern Luzon.
Identifying a problem and its social, economic, and physical context.
Initiation
Keep or Donjon
Inner tower for refuge during a siege
Group D
Insitutional
High Rise Buildings
Inspirations were drawn from aircraft technology, robotics, and cyberspace as demonstrated by the One San Miguel Building, and the PBCom Tower, and the GT International Tower
Controls the rate at which a building loses or gains heat, keeping warmer air in during winter and excluding external heat in summer.
Insulation
Is one of the most effective ways to reduce heat input to a building and can be installed in the roof, ceiling and walls of the building.
Insulation
An interlocking spatial relationship results from the overlapping of two spatial fields and the emergence of a zone of shared space.
Interlocking spaces
Functional architecture devoid of regional characteristics; characterized by simple geometric forms, large untextured, often white surfaces, large areas of glass, and general use of steel or reinforced concrete construction.
International Style
Voluntarily selected gap between people who are drawn to each other. At this close range, vision is distorted and any vocalization is a whisper, moan, or grunt. 0-18 inches (0-450mm).
Intimate Distance
Art Deco
Is a forerunner of Art Nouveau style, but with a more Modernist esthetic. It represents a "graciousness of form" from a simpler time.
Buckingham Palace
Is a symbol and home of the British monarchy. It has 775 rooms. The conversion of the royal house into a palace was by John Nash and continued by Edward Blore. The famous façade was by Aston Webb
Skirmishing Formation
Is a widely-spaced line giving enough room for the soldiers to move.
Rococo or Late Baroque
Is increasingly ornate, florid and playful (Development of Renaissance)
Strasbourgh Cathedral
Is known as one of the most beautiful late Gothic cathedrals in Europe. Today, it is the 6th tallest church in the world.
Fish (Ikhthus)
Is mentioned and given symbolic meaning several times in the Gospels. It is also a symbol for Jesus
Baroque
Is opulent and dramatic with irregular shapes and extravagant ornamentation (Development of Renaissance)
Bourges Cathedral
Is remarkable for the absence of transepts and shortness in proportion to width. It was inscribed in UNESCO World Heritage in 1992
Temple of Olympian Zeus
Is renowned as the largest temple in Greece and housed one of the largest cult statues in the ancient world.
Sri Lanka
Island Jewel of the Indian Ocean
Dhammadipa
Island of Buddhist doctrine
Dharmia-Dipa
Island of the Buddhist doctrine
Island of Crete
Island that arose the first great sea-power of the Mediterranean, which flourished a thousand years before the Greek civilization reached its peak
Tokonoma
It is a built-in recessed space in a Japanese style reception room, in which items for artistic appreciation are displayed
Shōji
It is a door, window or room divider consisting of translucent paper over a frame of wood which holds together a lattice of wood or bamboo (Elements of a Japanese House)
Shoin-Zukuri
It is a style of Japanese residential architecture used in the mansions of the military, temple guest halls, and Zen abbot's quarters of the Azuchi-Momoyama (1568-1600) and Edo periods (1600-1868). (Types of Japanese Folk House)
Engawa
It is a typically wooden strip of flooring immediately before windows and storm shutters inside traditional Japanese rooms (Elements of a Japanese House)
Setchūyō
It is an architectural style born in Japan during the Muromachi period from the fusion of elements from three preceding styles, the wayō, the daibutsuyō and zen'yō. It is exemplified by the main hall at Kakurin-ji (Styles of Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Hongsalmun
It is an architecture built as a gate for entering a sacred place in Korea. It literally means „gate with red arrows‟, referring to the set of pointed spikes on its top.
Jain Architecture
It is considered almost an offshoot of Hinduism and Buddhism. It developed their own unique style of architecture that is reflective of their principles of austerity. The main monuments within the architectural repertoire of the Jain style are rock-cut architecture, temples and monoliths.
Sukiya-Zukuri
It is one type of Japanese residential architectural style. Suki means refined, well cultivated taste and delight in elegant pursuits and refers to enjoyment of the exquisitely performed tea ceremony. (Types of Japanese Folk House)
Iljumun
It is the first gate at the entrance to many Korean Buddhist temples. Called the "One-Pillar Gate", because when viewed from the side the gate appears to be supported by a single pillar.
Temple Church, Northampton
It is the largest and best preserved of the remaining round churches in England connected with Knights Templar. It is also the oldest standing building in Northampton.
Genkan
It is the main entrance to a house that has a lower level floor where you remove your shoes. This area is considered extremely dirty. (Elements of a Japanese House)
MANILA CITY HALL
It is where the Mayor of Manila holds office and the chambers of the Manila City Council. It has now become the icon for the city of Manila.
Shinden-Zukuri
It refers to the style of domestic architecture developed for palatial or aristocratic mansions built in Heian-kyō (today's Kyoto) in the Heian period (794-1185), especially in 10th century Japan. (Types of Japanese Folk House)
Appian way
It used to be known as the ―Regina Viarum,‖ the queen of all roads.
San Agustin Church, Paoay (Paoay Church)
It was occupied by the Katipuneros in 1899 and used as an observation post by the Filipino guerillas during WW II
Theater of Dionysus
It was the first stone theatre ever built, cut into the southern cliff face of the Acropolis
Temple of Isis, Philae
It was the last pagan temple to exist in the Mediterranean, dedicated to goddess Isis, wife of Osiris and mother of Horus.
Art Moderne
Its architectural style emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements.
The coolest month in the Philippines with 25.5 °C.
January
Wagoya
Japanese carpenters developed advanced joinery techniques and occasionally constructed large buildings without using any nails; traditional frames (Elements of a Japanese House)
Hinoki
Japanese cypress or white cedar
Nippon and Nihon
Japanese names for Japan
Daniel Libeskind
Jewish Museum, Berlin
Tsugite
Joints of Japanese structural elements
The rainy season
June to November
Knowledge Process Outsourcing
KPO
Speyer Cathedral, Germany
Keeps the coffins of 4 kings and 4 emperors
Is a traditional Japanese unit of length, equal to six Japanese feet (shaku)
Ken
Sacrificial Offering
Kind of worshipping activities in the form of showing and offering material objects
Odeion
Kindred type to the theater, where musicians performed
Santiago Calatrava
Kinetic structures - some of his structures are "alive" because of movement
Alejandro Aravena
King of the block: master of minimalist forms
Anchae
Known as Gyusu room; situated deep inside the house so that it is secretive and quiet (Section of Jeonju Hanok Village)
New Art (French, "Art Nouveau ")
Known as judendstil, bandwurmstil or tapeworm style, English style or stile liberty, modernimo, sezession
Mesopotamia
Known as the "Cradle of Civilization"
Villa Capra, Vicenza
Known as the Rotonda is a square building with a central circular hall. It has a work of Andrea Palladio
INTRAMUROS, MANILA
Known as the Walled City or "within the walls"
Jaesil
Korean clan memorial halls; became common in many villages where extended families erected facilities for common veneration of a distant ancestor
Juchutdol
Korean cornerstones upon which the pillars rest
Ondol
Korean floor panel heating system, was found in the architectural remains of early Proto-historic; means "warm stone"
Baekje
Korean kingdom found in 18 BC established friendships with China and Japan
Jongryo
Korean memorial shrines; were established by the government to commemorate exceptional acts of filial piety or devotion
Cauli
Korean name given by merchants of the Middle East, which then came to be spelled Corea and Korea
Gidan
Korean raised platform
Hanji
Korean traditional paper
Third Party Certification
LEED, GREEN, BERDE are
Silla
Land beyond china where gold abounds, written by Arab traders
Wind from land (high pressure) directed towards the sea (low pressure); due to night time cooling.
Land breeze
Daimyo
Landowners who swore allegiance to a shogun
Reducing the extent of paving and other hard surfaces with vegetation.
Landscaping
Use to provide shade without blocking cooling breezes and use planting to reduce ground temperature and minimize reflected heat.
Landscaping
Gassho Style House
Large houses with steeply pitched thatched roof
Dian
Large single building in traditional Chinese architecture and generally referred to as dadian (grand hall).
Mireuksa Temple, Iksan
Largest and earliest stone pagoda shows the transitional features from a wooden pagoda to a stone one
Basilica of Trajan
Largest basilica in Rome, designed by Apollodorus
Esztergom Basilica
Largest church in Hungary and the 3rd largest in Europe
Goguryeo
Largest of the 3 Korean kingdoms, renowned for its mountain fortresses built horizontally and vertically along the slopes
Juan De Guzman Arellano
Last Pensionado (architect ituuu)
Kandy
Last capital of the ancient kings' era of Sri Lanka
Silla
Last of the three Korean kingdoms to develop into a full-fledged kingdom
Arts and Crafts
Late 19th-century movement to revive handicrafts. It represented the beginning of a new appreciation of the decorative arts throughout Europe
1. Pilotis 2. Free Floorplan 3. Free Facade 4. Horizontal Ribbon Window 5. Roof Garden
Le Corbusier's Five-Points of Architecture
Testudo
Legionaries became virtually invulnerable to arrows or objects dropped from defensive walls.
Shimenawa
Lengths of laid rice straw used for ritual purification in the Shinto religion
Moksha
Liberation
Is an architectural element that allows daylight to penetrate deeper into a building, a horizontal light-reflecting overhang which is placed above eye-level and has a high-reflectance upper surface.
Light Shelves
Are used for transporting or distributing natural or artificial light, physical structures used for transmitting or distributing natural or artificial light for the purpose of illumination, and are examples of optical waveguides.
Light tubes
An extended point. Conceptually, a line has length, but no width or depth. It is capable of visually expressing direction, movement, and growth.
Line
A straight path, however, can be the primary organizing element for a series of spaces. In addition, it can be curvilinear or segmented, intersect other paths, have branches, or form a loop.
Linear
Consists essentially of a series of spaces. These spaces can either be directly related to one another or be linked through a separate and distinct linear space.
Linear organization
Spirit Road
Lined with men and animals, leading to the burials.
MARANAOS
Live in settlements of the shores of Lake Lanao, or an the hilly „dry rice areas" near a water source;
the BONTOC
Live in the banks of the Chico River
The IBALOI
Live mostly in the southern part of Benguet
Hyanggyo
Local schools in Korea
Narthex
Located between the atrium and the church, was used by penitents (Parts of a Basilican Church)
GUNU BONG
Located near the banks of Lake Sebu or on a hilly portions
Aisles
Located on both sides of the nave (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Stoa
Long, colonnaded covered walkways used around public places
Padmasana
Lotus position
Window styles allow building users to control how much natural air enters the building.
Louvers and casement
Cancelli
Low screen wall enclosing the choir (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Preferable materials particularly on walls that are directly exposed to the sun.
Low thermal mass material
Maximum R-2
Low-rise multi-level building/ structure of from three (3) up to five (5) storeys in height and for use as multiple family dwellings.
Red Crown
Lower Egypt
Master Development Plan
MDP
Opus Sectile
Made from larger, specially cut pieces, usually of tile or stone.
Marble
Main building material of Greek Architecture
Sanmon
Main gate (Parts of a Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Honden
Main hall, enshrining the kami. On the roof of the haiden and honden are visible chigi (forked roof finials) and katsuogi (short horizontal logs), both common shrine ornamentations (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Daeungjeon (Hall of Great Enlightenment)
Main hall; enshrines the Sakyamuni Buddha and was built in 681 CE. (Parts of Bulguksa Temple)
Concrete
Main material of Roman Architecture
Donhwamun Gate
Main palace gate of Changdeokgung Palace
Palaganan
Mangyan House: (passageway) from the main door is set lower than the platforms
Huabiao
Marble commemorative pillars are set up at the four corners of the stele pavilion, where they symbolize the four quarters of the world.
La Certosa, Pavia
Marble facade by Giovanni Amadeo, is a transitional Gothic-Renaissance style
Hot dry season
March to May
Most uncomfortable uncomfortable month in Philippines when temperature and humidity attain their maximum levels.
March to May,
Gate/ Men
Mark the entrance to the temple grounds. Usually one main gate, and possibly several additional gates, along the temple's main approach (Parts of a Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Himeiji Castle
Masterpiece of wooden construction, the finest surviving example of early 17th-century Japanese castle complex in design and layout, comprising 83 buildings (Types of Japanese Castle)
Tatami Mat
Material used for floor covering in Japanese Architecture
AMVB
Maximum Volume Building
The warmest month in the Philippines with 28.3°C.
May
Comparative
May be conducted by committees representing institutions, corporations or public agencies
Hanging habagat (southwest)
May to October
Kandariya Mahadeva Temple
Meaning "the Great God of the Cave", is the largest and most ornate Hindu temple in the medieval temple group found at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh, India.
in the Roman style or Roman-like
Meaning of the word Romanesque
Maximum R-3
Medium-rise multi-level building/structure of from six (6) up to twelve (12) storeys in height and for use as multiple family dwellings.
Bouleuterion
Meeting place for the democratically-elected councils. They were either rectangular or semi-circular in plan
A *linear element*, a prehistoric monument consisting of an upright megalith, usually standing alone but sometimes aligned with others.
Menhir
Group D Division 1
Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails, prisons, reformatories, buildings where personal liberties of inmates are similarly restrained
Circle
Metaphor for heaven without beginning or end, signifying timelessness, eternity and perfection
Shogun
Military general, held the real power supported by wealthy landowner
Kotha (Silumina)
Mineret or pinnacle made of metal (Parts of a Dagoba)
Beifung Fu
Ming capital constructed on top of the Mongol City
This means that it will rely on natural ventilation in cooler months, and use energy-efficient air conditioning in hotter months
Mixed-mode
Iraq
Modern day name of Mesopotamia
Le Corbusier developed this proportioning system to order "the dimensions of that which contains and that which is contained."
Modulor
Vihara
Monasteries, centers of preaching and teaching
Is a seasonal shift in the prevailing wind direction, that usually brings with it a different kind of weather.
Monsoon
Group 5
Monumental buildings and other facilities requiring consummate design skill and much precise detailing
Pylon
Monumental gateway (Parts of an Egyptian Temple)
Stambhas or Laths
Monumental pillars standing free without any structural function, with circular or octagonal shafts. On top of this shaft is the Persepolitan bell or the inverted lotus shaped base. Above this is the abacus on top of which rests the crowning sculpture. These three portions were carved out of a single stone.
Prevalent in Spain and Morocco; influences were Mesopotamian brick and stucco techniques and frequent use of horseshoe arch, and Roman columns and capitals.
Moorish Style
Dharma
Moral order, duty and right action
Church of the Holy Sacrifice
More popularly known as the UP Chapel. It is the only structure in the country where the works of four national artists can be found.
A *planar element*, three terraces approached by ramps rise toward the base of the cliffs where the chief sanctuary is cut deep into the rock.
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Masjid/Maskid
Mosque Types: Holds the Friday noon assembly prayers and observance.
Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design Services
Most common type of contract for architectural design services is the complete architectural and engineering design
Lothal
Most extensively researched Harappan coastal site
FORT SANTIAGO
Most important and oldest fortification built in Manila
Winter Solstice
Most important ceremony, when the emperor prayed for good harvest
Hall of Supreme Harmony
Most important hall in the forbidden city; also called Hall of Golden Chimes
Bhagavadgita
Most important religious text of Hinduism
Burgos Cathedral
Most poetic of all the Spanish Cathedrals
Buddhism and Confucianism
Most prominent religions in Korea
Adyton
Most sacred part of the temple (Parts of a Greek Temple)
SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH, MANILA
Most significant monument to the Spanish colonization of the Philippines - first religious structure built in Luzon, after the Spanish relocated from Cebu in the south.
The Capitol
Most successful civic work of Michaelangelo
Temple of Luxor
Mostly built by menophis III, dedicated to the Theban Triad of Amin, Mut and Khons
Dapo
Multi-bracket, additional brackets between columns (Korean Wooden Architecture Element)
Lou
Multi-storey buildings
Muslim/Moro
Multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian ethnic group in the Philippine.
1.5 - 2.5
Multiplier for Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses
Seokguram (Sokkuram) Grotto
Named as "The Parthenon of the East," "the most exemplary classical work of the Orient," and "An eternal masterpiece". It was built on an artificial cave and consist of a stone chamber, passageway and round dome. The Statue of Buddha sits beneath the dome and was finished with an external earth covering (Parts of Bulguksa Temple)
Persia
Named before Iran, was once a major empire of superpower proportions
Hecatompedon
Naos that measures 100ft long
IVAtans (KakaIVA)
Nationally acclaimed as the "True Insulares."
Sponsor/Client
Natural or juridical person
Characterized by monumentality, strict use of the orders, and sparing application of ornament.
Neoclassicism Style
A network configuration consists of paths that connect established points in space.
Network
Catacombs
Network of subterranean chambers and galleries used for burial purposes by peoples of the Mediterranean world, especially the early Christians
Confucianism
New code of social conduct and philosophy of life. Produced concepts of the universe and beliefs about the future closely allied with superstition, astrology and necromancy which have controlled the planning of society and cities as well as design of buildings.
Mughal Period
New era of architecture that fully embraced the Islamic and Classic Hindu style to a new style
Columbaria
Niches that receive the ashes of the dead
Ahimsa
Nonviolence and respect for all living things
Glass areas should face _______________ with properly designed overhangs.
North
Choson
North Korea
Yin
North, Winter, feminine principle embodied in earth, phoenix and Empress
To collect early morning sun orient active living areas to the:
Northeast
Nijo Palace
Noted for carved wood, black lacquer, gold decorations, and screen paintings
Hanging amihan (northeast),
November to April
6-8
Number of storeys of an insula
Group D Division 2
Nurseries for full-time care of children under kindergarten age, hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes with non-ambulatory patients, and similar buildings each accomodating more than 5 persons
Group D Division 3
Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, home for children of kindergarten age or over, each accomodating more than 5 persons: not include bldgs only for private/family group dwelling purposes
A *linear element*, the obelisk, which marked the entrance to the Amon Temple at Luxor, was given by the viceroy of Egypt, Mohamed Ali, to Louis Phillipe and was installed in 1836.
Obelisk of Luxor
Enhances the effect of perspective on the front facade and form of a building.
Oblique Approach
Zen Buddhism
Observe the Buddhist's teachings in everyday life through the arts - poetry, painting, calligraphy, and garden design
Varna
Occupational class
Binayon or Finaryon
Octagonal house
Bhog-Mandir
Offering hall (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Hindi
Official language of India
Royal Abbey of Fontevraud
Often described as the royal necropolis of the 'Angevin Kings and Queens of England„.
Mammisi Temple
Often referred to as a birth house of the gods located within the temple precinct.
Forum Romanum
Oldest & the most important in the city (Types of Forum)
Changu Narayan
Oldest Hindu temple complex in Nepal; located on a hilltop known as Changu ; dedicated to Lord Vishnu
Wooden Pagoda
Oldest all-timber pagoda still standing in China
Geumcheongyo Bridge
Oldest bridge still extant in Seoul, located in Changdeokgung Palace
Trier Cathedral
Oldest in the country & listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1986.
Hinduism
Oldest of the world's major religions. It evolved from the Vedic religion of ancient India.
Great Stupa
Oldest stone structure in India
Foguang Temple
Oldest wooden Chinese temple
Todalji (Great Eastern Temple), Nara
One of Japan's most famous and historically significant temples and a landmark of Nara
Church of the Apostles, Koln
One of a series of 'trefoil' churches in the city. The towers are crowned with the helm roof.
Borgund Stave Church
One of the 28 surviving churches of this type in Norway. It is classified as a triple nave stave church.
Mt. Grace Priory, Yorkshire
One of the best preserved Carthusian Charterhouses
Stokesay Castle
One of the best preserved fortified manor houses
Stokesay Castle, Shropshire
One of the best preserved medieval manor houses in Britain.
Cuneiform Script in Clay Tablets
One of the earliest known forms of written expression.
Cloaca Maxima
One of the earliest sewage systems
Pisa Cathedral
One of the finest of the Romanesque period
Fountains Abbey, Yorkshire
One of the largest Cistercian structures in England.
S. Croce, Florence
One of the largest churches in Europe designed by Arnolfo di Cambio, it contains many monuments to celebrate Italians, hence it was called the Westminster Abbey of Italy
Jethavana Stupa
One of the largest stupa and was once considered the tallest stupa until the spire was destroyed; largest brick structure in the world
Rameses II
One of the longest ruling pharaohs of ancient Egypt for 67 years. He lived for over 80 years with a dozen wives and more than 100 children
Fontana di Trevi
One of the mose famous fountains in the world & the largest Baroque fountain in Rome
Limburg Cathedral
One of the most accomplished buildings of the late Romanesque.
Stonehenge
One of the most famous sites in the world and composed of earthworks surrounding a circular setting of large standing stones
Lincoln Cathedral
One of the most important Medieval cathedrals in England and a prominent landmark visible for miles around
Zamora Cathedral
One of the most important examples of Romanesque-Gothic architecture in Spain.
S. Michele, Pavia
One of the most striking examples of Lombard-Romanesque style finished with sandstone.
Siena Cathedral
One of the most stupendous undertakings since the building of Pisa Cathedral
Ruwanweli Maha Stupa
One of the most venerated stupa in Sri Lanka
Notre Dame Cathedral
One of the oldest French Cathedrals was begun by Bishop Maurice de Sully. It was restored and saved from destruction by Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, one of France's most famous architects.
Vatican Library
One of the oldest libraries by Domenico Fontana
Cheomseongdae
One of the well known examples of Sillan architecture, said to be the first stone observatory in Asia, astronomical observatory "Star-Gazing Tower"
Bailey
Open court of a castle
Prakaram
Open courtyard (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Atrium
Open forecourt surrounded by arcades (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Forming a colonnaded passageway that becomes a physical extension of the space it passes through.
Open on both sides
Forming a balcony or gallery that provides visual and spatial continuity with the spaces it links.
Open on one side
Tsuridono
Open pavilions
Greek Theaters
Open-air structures, generally hollowed out of the slope of a hillside
- Doric - Ionic - Corinthian
Orders of Greek Architecture
- Tuscan - Composite
Orders of Roman Architecture
Expression of personal freedom; harmony between structure and the environment, integration of individual parts to the whole concept, all forms should express the natural use of materials.
Organic Architecture Style
Concerns the position of the building on the site as well as the arrangement of the rooms within it.
Orientation
The *direction of a form* relative to the ground plane, the compass points, other forms, or to the person viewing the form.
Orientation
North-South
Orientation of Chinese Architecture
East
Orientation of Hindu temples
West
Orientation of main entrance in Romanesque Architecture
MAYNILAD
Originally a large Malayan-Islamic settlement
Churrigueresque Style
Originated from Jose de Churriguera. It is marked by extreme, expressive and florid decorative detailing, normally found above the entrance on the main facade of a building.
Art Deco (French, "art decoratif")
Originated from the 1925 Paris Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes - rise of Modernistic architecture (Style moderne).
Mission Revival
Originated in Southern California. The style was considered the "California counterpart" to the Georgian-inspired Colonial Revival popular in Northeast.
Papyrus, Lotus, Palm
Ornaments of Egyptian Architecture
SPE (Special)
Other vertical facilities not mentioned under regular uses/occupancies of buildings/structures such as cemeteries, memorial parks and the like
Vedika
Outer railing composed of a framework consisting of vertical posts and cross bar that encircles the stupa (Parts of a Stupa)
Professional consulting architect
PCA
Project Construction Cost
PCC
Professional Fee
PF
Preliminary Master Development Plan
PMDP
Probable Project Construction Cost
PPCC
Professional Regulation Commission
PRC
Ta
Pagoda
Tanch'ong
Painting style in Korean temples and palaces
Gong
Palace
Seraglio
Palace proper with the king's residence, state halls, men's apartments and reception courts (Parts of the Palace of Sargon)
Proscenium
Part between the curtain and the orchestra (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Andron
Part of an ancient Greek house where a it is a room reserved for males to entertain male guests
The integrity of each space is maintained, the configuration of the path is flexible, the mediating spaces can be used to link the path with the spaces.
Pass by Spaces
The path may pass through a space axially, obliquely, or along its edge, in cutting through a space, the path creates patterns of rest and movement within it.
Pass through Spaces
Causeway
Passageway (Parts of a Pyramid)
Design that *works with the environment* to exclude unwanted heat or cold and take advantage of sun and breezes (inducing comfort conditions in the building interiors), therefore *avoiding or minimizing the need for mechanical heating or cooling*.
Passive Design
Designing a building in a way that maximizes natural ventilation will greatly reduce the need for air-conditioning
Passive Ventilation
The use of principles in the tropics results in a building that is comfortable, energy efficient and results in substantial savings in running costs of both cooling and lighting.
Passive cooling
Edges, nodes, and terminations of the path.
Path-space relationships
- Armillary Spheres - Ropes - Corals _ Cross of the Order of Christ
Patterns used in Manueline Style
Wei
Pavilion or house in terraces
Tai No Ya
Pavilion or opposed house
Ting
Pavilions
30% of RPF
Percentage of Conceptual Master Development Plan
20% of RPF
Percentage of Detailed Master Development Plan
30% of RPF
Percentage of Framework Development Plan
20% of RPF
Percentage of Preliminary Master Development Plan
5% of PF
Percentage of acceptance fee
10%
Percentage of the PF given upon completion
50%
Percentage of the PF given upon completion of Contract Document Services
20%
Percentage of the PF given upon completion of Design Development Services
15%
Percentage of the PF given upon completion of Schematic Design Phase
Sensory perception and recognition of the physical elements by experiencing them sequentially in time
Perceptual
Goryeo Period
Period of Korean history wherein referred to the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo
Kharma
Person's misfortune are the result of his or her own misdeeds in a previous life
The sense of body heat is lost. Eyesight begins to focus, and vocalization comes into play. Although only ritualized touch is typical, the other person is still at arm's length, available to be grasped, held, or shoved away. 18 inches to 4 feet (450mm-1.20m)
Personal Distance
The variable and subjective distance at which one person feels comfortable talking to another. Also called *personal distance*.
Personal Space
Upanishads
Philosophical Vedic texts
Chaultri
Pillared halls (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Tailiang
Pillars-and-beams; load of the roof is transferred to the beam then to the pillars
Chuandou
Pillars-and-transverse-tie-beams; pillars are directly supporting the roof, greater number of pillars and the horizontal tie beams are joined directly to the columns to form an interlocking framework
Pablo Sebrero Antonio
Pioneer of Modern Architecture
Mahabodhi Temple
Place where Siddharta Gautama sat under a Bodhi tree for 49 days of meditation
Altar
Place where the priest officiates the mass (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Ambo/ Pulpit
Place where the priest reads the gospel and delivers the homily (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Imperial Vault of Heaven
Place where the tablets of god of heaven are stored
Pinnacle Buttress
Placed on top of a spur buttress to help by their weight drive the oblique thrust more steeply down to earth (Types of Roman Buttresses)
Latin Cross
Plan of Romanesque Architecture
An extended line in a direction other than its intrinsic direction. Conceptually, a plane has length and width, but no depth.
Plane
Sacred Bodhi Tree
Planted in Anuradhapura by Sanghamitta Thera (daughter) considered as one of the oldest trees in the world
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Plants grew on the roof and terraces
It marks a position in space. Conceptually, it has no length, width, or depth, and is therefore static, centralized, and directionless.
Point
Wawel Castle Cathedral, Krakow
Poland's national sanctuary
These climates are characterized by average temperatures below 10 °C in all 12 months of the year. This includes the following subtypes: tundra climate (ET), snow and ice climate (EF), and highland climate (H)
Polar Climate (E)
St. Mark, Venice
Popular for the representation of the incidents from the old and new testaments
Palladian
Popularized by Andrea Palladio, is marked with the round arch flanked by 2 small square-headed openings (Development of Renaissance)
Michael Graves
Portland Building "Rejection to the modernist style"
The *location of a form* relative to its environment or the visual field within which it is seen.
Position
Reaction against International style and Modernism. Encourages use of elements from historical vernacular styles and often playful illusion, decoration, and complexity.
Post-modernism Style
Tradition
Pre-Colonial: dictates general shape or form and structural concepts.
Chance or oido (playing by ear)
Pre-Colonial: enables the builder/designer/craftsman to improvise and make adjustments along the way RELYING ON INTUITION and aesthetic insight.
Baoding
Precious roof crown
Neoclassicism
Preferred sober dignity to the excesses of baroque
Collecting and analyzing relevant information and establishing goals and criteria for an acceptable solution.
Preparation
Theory that prescribes guidelines.
Prescriptive Theory
Dome
Prevailing motif of Byzantine architecture
To encouraged natural ventilation orient the building and windows towards:
Prevailing winds
Tokyo Imperial Palace
Primary residence of the Emperor of Japan
Architect
Prime Professional
Wood
Principal building material of Nepal Architecture
Houses and Palaces
Principal building types of Greek Architecture
Timber
Principal material of China
Mud Brick
Principal of building material for domestic buildings during early Egyptian civilization
Decorated Geometric
Principal of the window with several lights surmounted by a circle
Post and Lintel
Principle construction during early Egyptian civilization
Harem
Private family apartments (Parts of the Palace of Sargon)
Gernrode Abbey (St. Cyriakus)
Probably the earliest instance of a church with an apse at both ends
Pre-Feasibility Studies
Procurement, analysis and use of secondary information gathered for the project to aid the client in earl decision making. initial assessment of a project's soundness
Opus Sectile (cut work)
Produced geometrical patterns
Opus Vermiculatum (small pieces of tiles)
Produced pictorial patterns
Opus Spicatum
Produced the herringbone or chevron pattern
Boss
Projecting ornament that covers the intersection of ribs
Machicolations (Murder Holes)
Projecting wall or parapet allowing floor openings, through which, molten lead, boiling oil or stones are dropped down below
The proper harmonious relation of one part to another or to the whole.
Proportion
Strategic Inland Castles
Protect the coast roads, safeguard mountain passes & provide visual command of the approach routes. (Types of Castles)
Mountain Top Castles (Yamashiro)
Protected by the rough terrain as well as the reluctance of Japanese to attack the habitat of spirits associated with nature (Types of Japanese Castle)
Peasant, Farmers, Skillworkers
Protected by the samurai
Is the study of the symbolic and communicative role of the spatial separation individuals maintain in various social and interpersonal situations, and how the nature and degree of this spatial arrangement relates to environmental and cultural factors.
Proxemics
Feng Shui
Pseudo science - based on the belief that forces exist in every locality which act on all buildings, towns, and cities for good or ill and sites were chosen or adapted accordingly.
This is the zone where we can no longer pick up subtle nuances of meaning from the face or tone of voice. The eye can take in the whole body at a glance. It's the distance of the lecture hall, mass meetings, and interactions with powerful figures until such time as they bid you to come closer. 10 feet to infinity (3 meters and beyond)
Public Distance
Miliang Pingding
Purlin-and-rafter; rows of pillars support purlins, which carry horizontal rafters creating a flat roof, common in Tibet, Mongolia
Siheyuan
Quadrangle, an open space surrounded by buildings connected with one another either directly or through verandas
Cleopatra
Queen of the Nile, was the last pharaoh of ancient Egypt though she was not of Egyptian lineage, being the daughter of Ptolemy XII (Greek)
In the tropics, it is generally recommended to have a minimum of R ________ insulation in naturally ventilated house ceilings, and a minimum of R ________ insulation in ceilings and walls of air conditioned houses.
R 2.5 and 3.5
Division A-1 Zoning Classification
R-1
Division A-2 Zoning Classification
R-2
Division B-1 Zoning Classification
R-3
Registered and Licensed Architect
RLA
Recommended professional Fee
RPF
4% - 6% of gross rental
RPF based on value pricing in post construction services
15 of PCC
RPF for 203 or specialized architectural services
1% to 1.5% of PCC
RPF for full time supervision services
15% of PCC
RPF for group 8
2% to 5% of PCC
RPF for project manager in comprehensive architectural design services
at least 1000 php/ hour
RPF in Group 10
at least 5000 php/hour
RPF in Group 10 as expert witness
Configuration that has linear paths extending from or terminating at a central, common point.
Radial
The balanced arrangement of similar, radiating elements such that the composition can be divided into similar halves by passing a plane at any angle around a centerpoint or along a central axis.
Radial Symmetry
Space combines elements of both centralized and linear organizations. It consists of a dominant central space from which a number of linear organizations extend in a radial manner.
Radial organization
The most important climatic element in the Philippines.
Rainfall
Bema
Raised platform on the altar (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Toledo Cathedral, Toledo, Spain
Ranked among the greatest Gothic structures in Europe
Epinaos/ Opisthodomos
Rear portico (Parts of a Greek Temple)
Loculi
Recesses for corpses
Opus Quadratum
Rectangular and square blocks of stones in regular ashlar courses
Shrine
Rectangular anteroom lined with large stone slabs carved with the figures of the protectors of Buddhism on each side of the walls and at the entrance passageway to the main chamber (Parts of Bulguksa Temple)
Assessing how well an implemented solution in use satisfies the specified goals and criteria.
Reevaluation
Sarangchae
Referred to a Seonbi room; where the men dwell (Section of Jeonju Hanok Village)
Lamb (Good Shepherd)
Refers to Jesus' role as a sacrifice atoning for the sins of man in Christian theology
PUD (Planned Unit Development)
Refers to land development or redevelopment schemes for a new or built-up project site wherein said project site must have a Comprehensive Development Master Plan (CDMP) or its acceptable equivalent, i.e., a unitary development plan/site plan that permits flexibility in planning/urban design, building/structure siting, complementarity of building types and land uses, usable open spaces for general public use services and business activities and the preservation of significant natural land features if feasible, whereby said CDMP must be duly approved by the LGU concerned.
Romanticism
Refers to the 19th-century revival imitation styles, Neo-Gothicism and Neo-Renaissance, which used the ideas of the older Gothic and Renaissance style
Garan
Refers to the 7 halls comprising the buddhist temple complex - pagoda, main hall (Kondo/Butsuden), lecture hall (Kodo), bell tower, repository for sutras (kyozo), dormitory and dining hall
Are thin films of metal or metal oxide that are applied to standard glass.
Reflective coatings
Insulation mainly resists heat flow due to its high reflectivity and low ability to re-radiate heat and is more effective when installed with an air layer next to the shiny surface.
Reflective insulation
Type of insulation installed under roof sheeting is highly effective as it does not trap heat inside the building
Reflective insulation
Battle of Styles
Refusal of architects to accept new ideas in contrast to the development of building design during the industrial revolution
Augustan Age
Regarded as a Golden Age
Monastery
Regarded as cradle of Sinhalese Buddhism
Mindori Style
Regular Korean houses that were built without the use of brackets
If the diagonals of two rectangles are either parallel or perpendicular to each other, they indicate that the two rectangles have similar proportions. These diagonals, as well as lines that indicate the common alignment of elements, are called:
Regulating Lines
Georgian
Reigns of Anne, George I, II, III and IV
Buddhism
Religion and philosophy founded in NE India in the 5th cent. BCE based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. It takes as its goal the escape from suffering and the cycle of rebirth and the attainment of nirvana, and it emphasizes meditation and the observance of moral precepts.
Gwanghwamun Gate
Remarkably, the most representative edifices of the Joseon Dynasty, Gyeonghoeru Pavilion and Hyangwonjeong Pond, have remained relatively intact
Developed during the rebirth of classical art and learning in Europe; characterized by the use of classical orders, round arches, and symmetrical proportions.
Renaissance Style
The architects of the Renaissance, believing that their buildings had to belong to a higher order, returned to the Greek mathematical system of proportions.
Renaissance Theories
Moslem and Christian
Reniassance in Spain was heir to 2 civilizations
The act or process of repeating formal elements or motifs in a design.
Repetition
Feather of Ma'at
Represents justice, truth, morality and balance
Sun Disk
Represents light, warmth and growth
Yin-Yang
Represents the ancient Chinese understanding of how things work. Opposing qualities in a phenomenon, bound together as parts of a mutual whole; dynamic equilibrium
Mainz Cathedral
Represents the high point of Romanesque cathedral architecture in Germany.
Monumental Tombs
Resemble Etruscan tumuli with a conical crown of earth (Class of Tomb)
TIBOLI, T'BOLI
Reside in the high elevation of the mountain ranges of South Cotobato and Sultan Kudarat Provinces, south of Mindanao
Palacio del Gobernador
Residence and office of the governor general
Group 4
Residences, small apartment houses and townhouses
Group A
Residential Dwellings
Ambalama
Rest house for travelers
Movement characterized by a patterned repetition or alternation of formal elements or motifs in the same or a modified form.
Rhythm
A type of insulation that is made from actual rocks and minerals. This type of insulation is commonly used in building construction, industrial plants, and in automotive applications due to its excellent ability to block sound and heat.
Rock wool
Dromos
Rock-cut or chamber tomb is cut within the slope of a hillside and approached by a passageway which is open to the sky
Final phase of the Baroque; characterized by a profuse, semi-abstract ornamentation; associated with lightness, swirling forms, flowing lines, ornate stucco work, and arabesque ornament.
Rococo Style
Domus (Private House)
Roman home of the wealthy and the middle class
Thermae
Roman public bath
Emerged from Roman and Byzantine elements; characterized by massive articulated wall structures, arches and powerful vaults.
Romanesque Style
Kinimpal
Roof Types: half bamboos in convex/concave design were laid over each other
Tinalob
Roof Types: two layers of bamboo
It also reduces heat radiated from the ceiling cavity towards the inner parts of the building
Roof Ventilation
Antefixae
Roof eave termination of a Greek temple
Dormer Window
Roof window
Sukiwatadono
Roofed bridges
Wu
Rooms along roofed corridors
Corbel Table
Row of corbels
Basic R-3
Rowhouse building/structure of from one (1) storey up to three (3) storeys in height and with each unit for separate use as single-family dwellings
Hatshepsut
Ruled herself as the first woman pharaoh after the death of her husband Thutmose II. She ruled with her nephew Thutmose III who was too young to be the heir.
Darius I
Ruled the Persian Empire from 522-486 B.C. He developed infrastructure projects, the largest being the building of the new capital of Persepolis.
Specialist COnsultant
SC
Pre-design Services
SPP 201
Regular Design Services
SPP 202
Specialized Architectural Services
SPP 203
Construction Management Services
SPP 204 B
Full time supervision services
SPP 204A
Post Construction Services
SPP 205
Comprehensive Architectural Services
SPP 206
Statement of the Probable Project Construction Cost
SPPCC
Temenos
Sacred Enclosure
Golden Temple of Dambulla
Sacred pilgrimage site for 22 centuries. The cave monastery comprises of five sanctuaries with impressive Buddhist mural paintings and 157 statues and is the largest and best-preserved cave-temple complex in Sri Lanka.
Nirvana
Salvation
Vimana
Sanctuary as a whole and consists of Sikhara and Garbhagriha (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Refers to how we perceive or judge the size of something in relation to something else. In dealing with the issue of scale, therefore, we are always comparing one thing to another.
Scale
A branch of knowledge dealing with a body of facts or truths obtained by direct observation, experimental investigation, and methodical study, systematically arranged and showing the operation of general laws.
Science
Iconostas
Screen of pictures
Veda (knowledge)
Scripture with a collection of hymns composed between 1500 and 900 B.C.E.
Pendant
Sculpted ornament or elongated boss terminating the fan vaulting
Gopuram
Sculptured gateway or watch tower gateways (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Wind from the sea (high pressure) directed towards the land (low pressure); due to daytime heating.
Sea breeze
BADJAO
Sea gypsies of the south Also called Samal Laus (Sea Sama)
Cavea
Seating area (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Nave
Seating area for the worshippers (Parts of a Basilican Church)
York Minister
Second largest Gothic cathedral of Northern Europe
Orchestra
Semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in ancient Greek theaters (Parts of the Greek Theater)
Prytaneion
Senate house for the city council
Detailed Architectural Design Services
Separate contracts for architectural and engineering design services
Baptisteries
Separated buildings used only for the sacrament of baptism during Easter, Pentecost and Epiphany
Matouqiang (Horse Head Wall)
Serves as fire deterrent from drifting embers
Chimera or grotesque figure
Serves only an ornamental function
Khan
Service chamber (Parts of the Palace of Sargon)
Changdeokgung Palace
Set within a large park in Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea. It is one of the "Five Grand Palaces" built by the kings of the Joseon Dynasty. It is the most favored palace of many Joseon princes and retained many elements dating from the Three Kingdoms of Korea period that were not incorporated in the more contemporary Gyeongbokgung.
vertical penetrations
Shall mean stairs, fire escapes, shafts and the like and their enclosing walls and their enclosed areas.
The *characteristic outline or surface* configuration of a particular form.
Shape
Torii
Shinto gate (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Lierne Ribs
Short intermediate ribs
Flanking
Side attack
Transcept
Side projections of the church (Parts of a Basilican Church)
Plateria
Silverwork
Stone Circle
Similar to dolmen, but circular layout
Katsura Palace
Simple and elegant and its merging of outdoor and indoor spaces
Ikgong
Simplified variation of the bracket styles, featuring a bird bead-like protrusion as its main decorative element (Korean Wooden Architecture Element)
Basic R-2
Single-attached or duplex building/ structure of from one (1) storey up to three (3) storeys in height and with each unit for separate use as single-family dwellings.
Pilgrim Forts
Sited to secure the routes from coastal ports to Jerusalem. It has a thin curtain wall with rectangular corner towers, a large fosse or ditch & an outer earth rampart. (Types of Castles)
1. Respect for Function 2. Structural Integrity 3. Awareness of Our Time 4. Integration with our Environment 5. Expression of Meaning 6. Unity of Design
Six Pillars of Architecture by Eero Saarinen
The physical dimensions of length, width, and depth of a form. While these dimensions determine the proportions of a form, its scale is determined by its size relative to other forms in its context.
Size
The size of something compared to a reference standard or to the size of something else.
Size
can provide good quality light to work spaces that are away from windows. But they need to be shaded and glazed to prevent heat transfer.
Skylights
Fleche
Slender spire rising from a roof
Pyramid of Chephren (Khafre)
Slightly smaller than the great Pyramid of Cheops and guarded by the Sphinx believed to bear the face of King Chephren
Sessha/ Massha
Small auxiliary shrines (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Balneum
Small private baths in palaces and houses
Opus Incertum
Small rough stones with pyramidal ends set irregularly in mortar
Stupa
Small stone tower built to enshrine the sarira or cremated ashes of eminent monks (Korean Architecture)
Baekje Tombs
Smaller than Goguryeo, use of brick tombs (Stone Tomb Culture of 3 Korean Kingdoms)
This is the zone of impersonal transaction. We now have to rely solely on what we can see and hear. By the middle of the range, the eye can focus on an entire face. When the distance is more than eight feet, it's OK to ignore another's presence and it's easy to disengage from a conversation. 4 to 10 feet (1.20m - 3.00m)
Social Distance
Tend to keep people apart and discourage conversations.
Sociofugal Space
Spaces which tend to bring people together.
Sociopetal Space
Shading devices shield windows and other glazed areas from direct sunlight in order to reduce glare and excessive solar heat gain in warm weather.
Solar shading
Primaire Pd.
Sometimes called "lancettes" & distinguished by pointed arches and geomteric traceried windows
Secondaire Pd.
Sometimes called "rayonnant" & distinguished by circular windows with wheel tracery
Main Hall/ Hondo
Sometimes called Golden Hall. Building that contains Buddhist statues (Parts of a Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Gothic Architecture
Sometimes called the architecture of light
MANUNGGUL JAR
Soul boat burial jars
Plant trees in:
South
Han-Guk
South Korea
Yang
South, Summer, masculine principle imaged in the sky (heaven), dragon and Emperor
BAHAY/BALAI
Southeast Asian type of domestic architecture
Is the three-dimensional field in which objects and events occur and have relative position and direction, especially a portion of that field set apart in a given instance or for a particular purpose.
Space
Site Development Plan
Space Planning, architectural layouting and utitlization of spaces within and surrounding a specific building in relation with the existing natural and/or built environments have to be well-coordinated
Jian
Space between columns
In this type of spatial relationship, the larger, enveloping space serves as a three-dimensional field for the smaller space contained within it.
Space within a space
Teahouses/ Chashitsu
Spaces designed to be used for tea ceremony (chanoye) gatherings; usually small, simple wooden buildings, located in the gardens or grounds of private homes and/or temples
Two spaces that are separated by distance can be linked or related to each other by a third, intermediate, space.
Spaces linked by a common space
Cebu, Sebu or Sugbo.
Spanish colony was first established in
The three-dimensional integration of program elements and spaces accommodates the multiple functions and relationships of a house.
Spatial System
Temple Oval, Khafaje
Special sanctity was attached to the temple by digging down to virgin soil before its construction. The dug area was filled with clean sand to assure the purity of the foundation.
A spiral configuration is a single, continuous path that originates from a central point, revolves around it, and becomes increasingly distant from it.
Spiral
Prolongs the sequence of the approach and emphasizes the three-dimensional form of a building as we move around its perimeter.
Spiral Approach
Hundred School of Thought
Spiritual movements including Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism and Mohism being formed
Cuadricula (Grid Pattern)
Square or rectangular blocks on parallel and perpendicular streets crossing one another,
Opus Reticulatum
Square stones set diagonally, forming a net-like pattern
Palace of Sargon, Khorsabad
Square-planned with a defensive parameter and covered nearly one square mile. It was built by Sargon II of Assyria
Kiri Vihara
Sri Lanka's best preserved dagoba
Uses the principle of convection to induce air flow.
Stack Ventilation
Sopana
Staircases going to the terrace (Parts of a Stupa)
Carceres
Stalls that held the contestants' chariots and horses
San Miniato al Monte, Florence
Stands atop one of the highest points in the city & is one of the most beautiful churches in the city.
Industrial Revolution
Started in England and spread throughout Europe and America. It is a change from an agrarian, handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacture
Tobi-ishi
Stepping stones (Element of Japanese Garden)
Lotus Mandapa
Stone lotus stalks
Group G
Storage and Hazardous
Group G Division 1
Storage and handling of hazardous and highly flammable material
Pagoda/ Butto
Store remains of the Buddha such as a tooth, usually in form of a representation (Parts of a Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Ge
Storied Pavilion
Amado
Storm shutters that are used to completely seal a home or apartment for security, privacy and safety (Elements of a Japanese House)
A grid of columns support horizontal beams and slabs. The cantilever acknowledges the direction of approach along the longitudinal axis.
Structural System
Forensic Investigation
Study, research and give solutions to any discovered/emerging/evolving defects and failures
Chorten
Stupa-like monument, receptacle of offerings
A particular or distinctive form of artistic expression characteristic of a person, people, or period.
Style
Cut stone (sillar)
Such construction were referred to as de silleria, de canteria or de cal y canto (lime and cut stone)
Per diem or Hourly Basis
Suited to engagements involving intemittent personal services
Villa (Country House)
Summer house of the wealthy Romans
Audencia
Superior Court and also housed the jail.
Sir Christopher Wren
Supreme figure of the 2nd phase of the Stuart period; a scholar, mathematician and astronomer
Great Court
Surrounded by columns (Parts of an Egyptian Temple)
Square Shape
Symbol of earth, signifying the four directions which bind and define it
Purple
Symbol of joy and happiness and refers to the North Star (the abode of the Celestial Emperor).
Dove
Symbol of peace and unity
Cow
Symbol of wealth
Tiger
Symbolizes divine power and strength
Pheonix
Symbolizes effluence or good fortune
Ankh
Symbolizes life, health & strength
Scepter
Symbolizes power, dominion and control
Eye of Horus
Symbolizes protection and royal power
Dragons
Symbolizes reborn from its own ashes symbolizes continuity and divinity.
Scarab
Symbolizes resurrection and rebirth
Uraeus/ Cobra
Symbolizes royal protection and the falcon is for divine kingship. They also represent the unification of Lower Egypt (cobra) and Upper Egypt (Falcon)
Crook and Flail
Symbols of royalty, kingship, majesty and dominion. The crook is a scepter symbolizing government.
The exact correspondence in size, form, and arrangement of parts on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane, or about a center or axis.
Symmetry
Discovering constraints and opportunities, and hypothesizing possible alternative solutions.
Synthesis
Japanese Occupation Architecture
Systematic attempt by the Empire of Japan to destroy native Korean architecture and replace it with Japanese architecture
Pyramidal Tombs
Taken from Egyptian ideas (Class of Tomb)
Imperial City
Takes a square form, each side is nine in length and encircled by city walls on all sides, three gates, nine vertical and nine streets crisscross the inside city.
Chaniwa
Tea garden
Bunaraku Stage
Telling stories with puppets and music. Raised platform is called Yuka
In Europe this includes areas from coastal Norway south to southern France. In Asia, this includes areas from South Korea, to east- China from Beijing southward, to northern Japan
Temperate Climate (C)
Mandapa
Temple Hall, pillared hall for the assembly of the devotees (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Ziggurat
Temple is perched atop a platform
Cina
Term for porcelain or ceramic ware originally made in China. Derived from the Sanskrit word which refers to "yellow-colored" barbarian trade from the north
The location of the space establishes the path, this path-space relationhip is used to approach and enter functionally or symbolically important spaces.
Terminate in a Space
ToR
Terms of Reference
Tai
Terrace
The visual and especially tactile quality given to a surface by the size, shape, arrangement, and proportions of the parts. Texture also determines the degree to which the surfaces of a form reflect or absorb incident light.
Texture
TGFA
The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area
Can be defined as the ratio between two sections of a line, or the two dimensions of a plane figure, in which the lesser of the two is to the greater as the greater is to the sum of both.
The Golden Section
Rock-cut Architecture
The Jains in south India are known for building a number of monoliths, or huge statues carved out of a single rock, of their deities. Most of these monoliths depict the Jain saint by the name of Gommateshwara also known as Bahubali.
One of the most widely-used climate classification systems. The system is based on the concept that native vegetation is the best expression of climate. Thus, climate zone boundaries have been selected with vegetation distribution in mind.
The Koppen System
Han-geul
The Korean alphabet, is the prime element of 'signs' within the pavilion
Forum
The agora counterpart in Greek is a central open space used as a meeting place, market or political demonstrations.
Sikhism
The all-pervading spirit - the concept of "God"
Percentage based on PCC
The amount of the project is related to the size and the type of the building
Sandō
The approach to the shrine (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Interview
The architect explains his methodology in translating the plan/design requirements of the proposed project
NEGOTIATION
The architect explains to the client the scope of services and the architect's fee as prescribed under the Architect's Guidelines
60%
The architectural design services shall then constitute __% of the corresponding stated PF for DAEDS for the project
Medieval Period
The arrival of the Turks ushered in styles from Persia, Arabia and Central Asia
Fresco Painting
The art of painting on fresh, moist plaster with pigments dissolved in water.
Bent Pyramid of Snefru, Dashur
The bent pyramid is a unique example of early pyramid development. The lower part rises at 55° inclination and the top section is shallower at 43°
Acropolis, Athens
The best known acropolis in the world
Maison Carree, Nimes
The best preserved Roman temple
St. Peter's Basilica
The central church of Roman Catholicism, stands on the site where St. Peter is believed to have been buried
Cella
The central hall in a Sumerian temple where the priests and gods meet
Brahma
The chief god, the omnipresent one who is father of the Brahman Trinity
S. Maria Novella, Florence
The city's principal Dominican church and the first great basilicaa in Florence. It was designed by Fra Sisto and Fra Ristoro. The facade was later designed by Leon Battista Alberti in the renaissance style
Invitation
The client issues an invitation which includes the ToR
Temple of Seti I, Abydos
The close-grained limestone wall relief is the finest in Egypt.
Price Adjustment Provisions
The contract prices is adjusted upward/downward in accordance with prearranged formula
Finial
The decorative upper termination of a spire
Rise
The distance between the ground and the highest point of the arch.
Span
The distance between the two sides of the arch.
Chateau De Balleroy
The earliest surviving work of Francois Mansart, father of classical revival in France
Extrados
The exterior curve line of the arch.
Pradakshina-patha (Circumambulation)
The faithful would use this to circle the stupa to pay homage to the Buddha. Motion was always clockwise, since this kept one's right side (considered better) toward the relics
Abbaye-Aux-Dames, Caen
The façade has two large towers on the sides, each with doors leading to the aisles
San Miguel De Escalada
The finest & largest of the Mozarabic churches. It was founded by the Cordoban refugees.
Exeter Cathedral
The finest surviving example of Decorated Gothic, a form of architecture that flourished in England from 1270 to 1369. It is called "the Decorated cathedral par excellence."
Himeji-Jo
The finest surviving example of early 17th-century Japanese castle architecture. The caste functioned continuously as the center of a feudal domain for almost three centuries, until 1868 when the shogun fell and a new national government was created
S. Augustine's Abbey
The first Benedictine abbey in England
Crocket
The foliage decoration on the raking of a spire
Double Crown
The headdress that represents the kingship of two lands, upper and lower Egypt
Sanctuary
The holiest part and accessible only to the kings and high priests (Parts of an Egyptian Temple)
Grapevine
The idea of the vital union of the believers with Christ and among each other is symbolized by the vine and its branches.
Intrados
The interior curve line of the arch.
Santa Maria Matricolare (Verona Cathedral)
The interior was completely remodeled in the Gothic style in the 15th & 16th cent.
Perpendicular Vaulting
The intricate stellar vaulting led to the type known as the fan, palm or conoidal vaulting
Cologne Cathedral
The largest Gothic church of Northern Europe
Seville Cathedral
The largest Medieval Cathedral in Europe, with the exception of St. Peter's, Rome. It houses the tomb of Christopher Columbus
Windsor Castle
The largest inhabited castle in the world & is the oldest in continuous occupation. The castle's floor area is about 45,000 sqm.
Forum of Trajan
The largest of the forums, built by Apollodorus of Damascus.
Place Dela Concorde
The largest square in Paris.
Pungsu
The living energy of Earth made by wind and water
Winchester Cathedral
The longest Gothic cathedral in Europe
Propylaeum
The monumental gateway to sacred enclosure
Santo Stefano Rotonda, Rome
The most ancient example of central plan church in Rome
Beauvais Cathedral
The most daring achievement of Gothic architecture, having the highest nave in Europe. It has 3 tiers of flying buttresses
Lion Gate, Mycenae
The most famous feature of the Palace, Tiryns
S. Nicholas, Prague
The most important High Baroque building in Prague
Temple of Zeus, Olympia
The most important building in the Altis located at the very center
Great Temple of Amun, Karnak
The most important sanctuary of the cult who worshipped the sun god, Amun-Ra
Pantheon
The most perfectly preserved ancient Roman temple
Temple of Vesta, Rome
The most sacred shrine in the Imperial city and contained the holy fire of Vesta
Monreale Cathedral, Sicily
The most splendid of all the monuments of the Norman Period, built by King William II.
Economic Component
The nation's assets and its management
Royal Palace, Madrid
The official residence of the King of Spain in the city of Madrid and it is only used for State Ceremonies
Thuparama Stupa
The oldest and first stupa built in Sri Lanka; built in the shape of a heap of paddy
Pyramid of Cheops (Khufu)
The oldest and largest (13 acres) of the 3 pyramids in the Giza Necropolis. It is the oldest of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact
Stabian Baths, Pompeii
The oldest bathhouse in Pompeii
Stadium, Olympia
The oldest stadium in Greece
San Martin De Fromista
The only complete example of Spanish "pilgrimage‟ style.
Lichfield Cathedral
The only medieval English cathedral with 3 spires and dedicated to St. Chad and St. Mary
Hoyjord Stave Church
The only stave church built in two phases.
Malacañang Palace
The original structure was built in 1750 as a summer house along the Pasig River.
Cost plus Fixed Fee
The owner will pay the CM a fixed fee plus reimbursement of certain expenses incurred in the performance of basis services
Fixed Price Incentive
The owner will pay the CM a fixed fee which is adjusted according to the difference between the final allowable costs and the target costs
Firm Fixed Price
The owner will pay the construction manager a fixed fee.
Pitha
The plinth or the platform of the temple (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Brahmins
The priestly class, born from the mouth of Brahman, with varna color white
Mortuary Temple of Mentuhetep
The pyramid is a cenotaph with a dummy burial chamber below it. At the rear is a long corridor leading down to Mentuhetep's tomb.
Early English Vaulting
The quadripartite ribbed vault came into general use
Evaluation & Ranking
The selection committee may adopt its own procedure in evaluating the entries and recommending the most capable firm
Verification
The selection committee may visit buildings designed by the architects and check references such as former clients and financial institutions
Shamusho
The shrine's administrative office (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Pyramid of Mykerinos
The smallest and last among the 3 pyramids to be built in the Giza Plateau
Komainu
The so-called "lion dogs", guardians of the shrine (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Metope
The space between triglyphs with or without sculptures
Buddhist Architecture
The structures from this period are often imposing, heavy, dripping with ornament. They are at times so massive that they seem to be sculpted out of living rock.It adheres to highly symbolic design programs representative of religious teaching and the Cosmos. These follow the traditions of the Buddha, the 6th century BC North Indian preacher Siddhartha.
Injeongjeon Hall (National Treasure)
The throne hall of Changdeokgung, it was used for major state affairs including the coronation of a new king and receiving foreign envoys
Silla Tombs
The tomb is dug in an underground pit with a burial chamber built from wood, after which a round pile of small stones was built above it, covered with earth to create a mound just like the tumulus (Stone Tomb Culture of 3 Korean Kingdoms)
Keystone
The top stone of the arch, and the most important one, as without this final stone the arch would fall apart not being able to transpose the forces in a lateral direction.
Church of the Nativity, Bethlehem
The traditional birthplace spot of Jesus
Westminster Abbey Cathedral
The traditional place of coronation and burial site for the British monarchs
Japanese Pit House
The typical Jomon house was pit house that had a main pillar, whose hole was dug the widest and deepest into the ground that was surrounded by other wooden upright supporting posts. (Types of Japanese Folk House)
Decorated Curvilinear
The upper part of the window head might be filled with trefoils, quatrefoils or dagger shapes.
Step Pyramid of Djozer by Imhotep
The world's first large scale monument in stone with no free-standing columns. It is a series of 6 successively smaller mastabas one atop of another and originally clad in polished white limestone
Neo-Modernism
The yearning for an idealized past has created retro-modern or neo-modernism, a term to describe a "new simplicity" as a reaction to the complexity of postmodernism architecture and eclecticism.
St. Kunibert
The youngest Romanesque church in Koln.
Abstract thought or speculation resulting in a system of assumption or principles used in analyzing, explaining, or predicting phenomena, and proposed or followed as a basis of action.
Theory
Is the ability of building materials to absorb, store, and release heat.
Thermal Mass
Is the condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment. Maintaining this standard of thermal comfort for occupants of buildings or other enclosures is one of the important goals of HVAC design engineers.
Thermal comfort
LIGHTHOUSES
These structures provided haven to ships that passed through Philippine waters especially during stormy nights.
Batter Walls
These were designed with inward inclinations which are used in temple walls
RCR Arquitectes Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramon Vilalta
They are considered to be modern industrial organicists
Byobu
They are folding screens, often decorated with art that are used to partition rooms for privacy (Elements of a Japanese House)
Fusuma
They are vertical rectangular panels which can slide from side to side to redefine spaces within a room, or act as doors. (Elements of a Japanese House)
Multiple of Direct Personnel Expenses
This cost based method of compensation is applicable only to non-creative work such as accounting, secretarial, research and such.
Empire Style
This is a French-inspired neoclassical style that takes its name from the Empire style under Napoleon's rule
Neoclassical Architecture
This is a style derived from the architecture of Classical Greece and Rome and the architecture of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio
Percentage based on PCC
This method of compensation for architectural services is the most common worldwide
Professional Fee plus Expenses
This method of compensation is frequently used where there is a continuing relationship on a series of projects.
Lump Sum/ Fixed fee
This method of compensation may be used when the scope of services required can be clearly and fully defined at the outset of the project
Salary cost times a multiplier, plus a direct cost or reimbursable expenses
This method of remuneration is best suited for projects which the costs are difficult to pre-determine.
Retainer
This method of remuneration is used when the services of a PCA is expected to be required at intervals over a period of time
Queen Anne Style
This style consisted largely of influences of "Old English". It is colorful, lacy, with fancy ornamental details.
Shingle Style
This style grew out of the earlier Stick and Queen Anne styles in which the entire building was covered with shingles with open porches and irregular roof lines.
Early National Style
This style is also called the "national style" due to popularity
Prairie Style
This style is usually marked by horizontal lines, flat or hipped roofs with broad overhanging eaves, windows grouped in horizontal bands, integration with the landscape.
Folk Victorian Style
This style was characterized by lacy brackets on porch posts, filigreed balustrades, and a third-story cupola
Transitional Gothic
This style was characterized by pointed arches introduced into structures with Romanesque character
Norma Gothic
This style was characterized by semi-circular arched windows
Oriel Window
This window projects from the wall and does not extend to the ground and often supported by brackets or corbels.
Has a tint applied to the glass during manufacture, to reduce the amount of heat transmitted through it.
Tinted glass
Promotional Services
To develop and generate financial support and acceptance from governing agencies or from the general public.
Is a shallow, slightly raised alcove for the display of a kakemono or flower arrangement. As the spiritual center of a traditional Japanese house, and located in its most formal room.
Tokonoma
Kalasha
Top decorative element of amalaka; steeple (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
Harmika
Top pedestal stone fenced with the parasol/ umbrella inside (Parts of a Stupa)
OKIR, OKIL, UKKIL
Torogan Features: Carving usually features the naga or serpent as well as floral and star and bud motifs.
Panolong
Torogan Features: Row of carved projecting beam ends in ornate motifs
Lamin
Torogan Features: lady‟s dormitory which serve as another hideaway for the datu‟s daughter and her manga raga or ladies.
okir
Torogan Features: projecting beam pattern design
Gibon
Torogan Features: special space for the daughter of the datu.
Brahmanism
Towards the beginning of the Christian era, it developed an increasingly pronounced theism and a heroic tradition that reflected the military character of India.
Mohenjo-Daro
Town proper consisting of houses and market places
Bar Tracery
Tracery is composed of thin stone elements rather than thick ones. The glass rather than the stone dominates the window. It gives more delicate,web-like effect
Plate Tracery
Tracery uses thick areas of stone to separate glazed areas. The window may look as if it had been filled in with stone, then small openings cut through for the glass. The stone rather than the glass dominates the window
Ken
Traditional Japanese unit of length
Angojigi
Traditional Korean doors and windows that can open up and outwards or slide along a horizontal axis
Yurt
Traditional dwelling of inner Mongolians
Wood
Traditional structural material of Japan
Is wall system for indirect solar heat gain. It consists of a dark colored wall of high thermal mass facing the sun, with glazing spaced in front to leave a small air space. The glazing traps solar radiation like a small greenhouse.
Trombe Wall
In A climates, the terms "winter" and "summer" have little meaning, but in many locations, annual rhythm is provided by the occurrence of wet and dry seasons.
Tropical Climate (A)
Can be regarded as a type of green building applicable specifically for tropical climates, using design to optimally reduce buildings' energy consumption, particularly the cooling load.
Tropical architecture
Four-centered arch
Tudor arch
Tigris and Euphrates
Twin rivers which gave the name Mesopotamia
Dolmen/ Cromlech
Two or more upright stones supporting a stone or stone slab
The Koppen climate classification scheme for Tropical climates.
Type A
The Koppen climate classification scheme for Dry (arid and semiarid) climates
Type B
The Koppen climate classification scheme for Temperate climates
Type C
The Koppen climate classification scheme for Continental climates
Type D
The Koppen climate classification scheme for Polar and alpine climates
Type E
Two pronounced seasons: dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year
Type I
No dry season with a pronounced rainfall from November to January.
Type II.
Seasons are not very pronounced, relatively dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year.
Type III.
Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year.
Type IV
Centralized
Type of plan of Byzantine Architecture
Secular
Types of Clergy: affiliated with a diocese and subject to the bishop
Regular clergy
Types of Clergy: grouped themselves according to provinces per country
A great portion of the rainfall, humidity and cloudiness are due to the influence of:
Typhoons
Is the heat transfer coefficient, which simply means that is a measure of an assembly's capacity to transfer thermal energy across its thickness.
U-value
San Ambrogio, Milan
Underwent several reconstructions after it was damaged by war.
Sudras
Unskilled laborers. Born from the feet of Brahman. Varna color: black.
Harijans (Children of God) or Dalits (Downtrodden)
Untouchables (Caste System)
White Crown
Upper Egypt
A city or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities.
Urban Heat Island
Tudor Vaulting
Use of the four-centered (Tudor) arch and fan vaulting
Lecture Hall/ Kodo
Used for meetings and lectures and often also display objects of worship (Parts of a Japanese Buddhist Temple)
Mortuary Temple
Used for the ministrations to deified pharaohs (Types of Temples)
Limestone and Sandstone
Used for threshold, stairs, balusters, engineering works in Chinese Architecture
Inter-columnar Bracket System
Used in building the most important edifice on the premises. (Dongbukgaru in Hwaseong Fortress)
Fleur-de-lis
Used in the Royal Arms of England
Hemispherical Dome
Used over circular structures
Semi-Dome
Used over semi-circular structures
Harappans
Used the same size bricks and standardized weights as were used in other Indus cities such as Mohenjo Daro and Dholavira
Direct Selection
Used when taking a relatively small project
Squinch arches
Used when the crossing of the nave and transept was crowned by an octagonal tower
Spur Buttress
Used where large openings for doors and windows were needed (Types of Roman Buttresses)
Mixed Methods of Compensation
Using more than one method of compensation
Awarded Project Construction Cost
Using the bid of the winning contractor
Detailed Architectural and Engineering Design Services
Usually used when client prefers a single point responsibility for the project design
Opus Alexandrinum
Utilized tiny, geometrically shaped pieces of coloured stone and glass paste that were arranged in intricate geometric patterns dotted with large disks of semiprecious stones.
Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
Valley of the Queens, Deir el-Bahari was built by Senmut
Quadripartite
Vault for a square bay
Sexpartite
Vault for an oblong bay
Ogival System
Vaulting framework of intersecting pointed arch ribs
Operable windows on barandillas
Ventanillas
Xuan
Veranda with windows
Wataridono
Verandas that link the shinden to the tai no ya
Axis Mundi
Vertical and unmoving, established as the stable pivot around which the universe revolves
Antarala
Vestibule or the intermediate chamber (Parts of a Hindu Temple)
The degree of concentration and stability of a form. The visual inertia of a form depends on its geometry as well as its orientation relative to the ground plane, the pull of gravity, and our line of sight.
Visual Inertia
It refers to how small or large something appears to be in relation to its normal size or to the size of other things in its context.
Visual Scale
Cantilevered gallery along the perimeter of the second floor, double layered façade
Volada
A plane extended in a direction other than its *intrinsic direction*. Conceptually, a volume has three dimensions: length, width, and depth.
Volume
Formerets
Wall ribs
Hwaseong (Brilliant Fortress)
Wall surrounding the centre of Suwon, the provincial capital of Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
Tepidarium
Warm bath or steam
Exhibit energy and joy (best for personal messages). They have a tendency to appear larger.
Warm colors
Kshatriyas
Warriors and rulers, senators, presidents, majors, born from the chest of Brahman. Varna color: red.
Samurai
Warriors who swore allegiance to the Daimyo or Shogun
Temple of Khons, Karnak
Was a cult temple mostly done by Rameses III.
Chateau De Pierrefonds
Was a defensive military architecture from the Middle Ages by Louis I de Valois
Portcullis
Was a mark of the Beaufort lineage of Henry VII, founder of the Tudor Dynasty
Canterbury Cathedral
Was a mixture of style with the choir reconstructed in the 12th century; nave in the 14th century; cloisters in the early 15th century
Messina Cathedral
Was begun during the time of King Roger. The bell tower holds one of the largest astronomical clocks in the world, built in 1933 by the Ungerer Company of Strasbourg
Durham Cathedral
Was begun in 1093 by Bishop William St. Carileph and completed in 1135 though there have been many additions since
Aix-La-Chapelle, Germany
Was built by Emperor Charlemagne as his tomb. It was the coronation church of the Holy Roman Emperors.
Prague Cathedral, Czech Republic
Was built by Mathias d' Arras and Peter Parler in the Late Gothic style
Ely Cathedral
Was built by William the Conquerer
Palais De Versailles
Was built for Louis XIV by Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin Mansart. The palace was built with irresponsible extravagance.
St. Lorenzo Fuori Le Mura, Rome
Was built over the grave of martyr St. Lawrence
Mammisi Temple, Edfu
Was built to celebrate the divine birth of Horus
Regensburg Cathedral
Was built with cream-colored limestone and a softer green sandstone
Thutmose III
Was called the Napoleon of ancient Egypt because of his military genius and built many structures
Plateresque Style
Was characterized by minuteness of detail and its similarity to silversmith's work. The style is extremely florid and decorative.
Gothic Revival Architecture
Was characterized by strong associational values of religion and nature
Elizabeth Gothic
Was characterized by the use of mullioned windows
La Sainte Chapelle, Paris
Was conceived by Louis IX as a kind of gigantic reliquary for the most precious religious relics in all Christendom - the "true cross" of Christ, the "Crown of Thorns" and other relics connected to the actual passion of Christ
Campo Santo, Pisa
Was constructed to consolidate the remains of people who were once buried throughout the Field of Miracles.
Small Temple, AbuSimbel
Was dedicated to Rameses II's deified queen, Nefertari and the goddess Hathor
Florence Cathedral
Was designed by Arnolfo di Cambio.
Doge's Palace
Was designed perhaps by Filippo Calendario
Composite Order
Was developed combining the volutes of the ionic and the acanthus of the Corinthian.
S. Agnese Fuori Le Mura, Rome
Was founded by Constantine over the grave of S. Agnese
Cefalu Cathedral
Was founded by Count Roger (King Roger II of Italy).
S. Austremoine, Issoire
Was inspired by Notre Dame du Port & also one of the 5 greater churches in Auvergne
Xerxes I
Was known for his massive invasion of Greece and his defeat marked the decline of the empire
Chateau D' Ambiose
Was once home to the French royal court. It was built of French late Gothic Flamboyant Style
City of Nineveh
Was once made capital of the Assyrian empire by Sargon's son, Sennacherib
Babylon
Was the capital of ancient of Babylonia in southern Mesopotamia
Altis, Olympia
Was the center of all religious activities during the Olympics
Delphi
Was the major site for the worship of the god Apollo
Chateau de Blois
Was the residence of several French kings.
Aqueducts
Water channels or water bridges constructed to convey water
Reservoir
Water is used for rituals and also to keep the temple floor clean or even for a ritual bath before entering the holy area.
Weva
Water reservoir
Voussoir Stone
Wedge shaped stone used to build the arch.
Katal Huyuk, Turkey
Were rectangular, single-roomed with mud-plastered walls and floors
Reliquary
Where relics are stored
Anuradhapura
Where the Bhodi tree was planted
Abstinence Hall (Zhaugong)
Where the emperor lives before he presents himself at the rites of Heaven worship
Stele
Where the name of the deceased was inscribed (Parts of a Mastaba)
Group E Division 2
Wholesale and retail stores, office buildings, drinking and dining establishments, <100 occupant load, no highly flammable materials, no bulk handlings
The movement of air through a building is generated by differences in air pressure as well as temperature. The resulting patterns of air flow are affected more by building geometry and orientation than by air speed.
Wind
Are an important way to encourage and direct air flow into a building
Windows
Hypaethral
Windows in a Greek temple that are partly open to the sky
Lean-to
Windshield or one-sided lean to with or without flooring
S. Maria in the Capitol
With a three-apse plan, is the largest of the 12 Romanesque churches in Cologne
Melon-shaped Dome
With convolutions or ribs (Types of Dome)
In 1884, Koppen System was first published by Russian German climatologist:
Wladimir Köppen
Dou
Wooden block
Ema
Wooden plaques bearing prayers or wishes (Parts of the Shinto Complex)
Maru
Wooden-floored central space, originated in the southern province of Korea where the climate is warm
ad catacumbas
Word derivation of catacomb
Saktas
Worship of a Mother Goddess
Vedism
Worship of trees, stones and water
Saivites
Worship the god Siva
Vaishnavites
Worship the god Vishnu
Kenzo Tange
Yoyogi National Gymnasium
Wenshou
Zoomorphic roof ornaments that occupy the roof corners
Basilica de San Antonio Padua
a 7-domed pilgrimage church
S. Giovanni e Paolo, Venice
a Dominican church with beautiful brickwork
Carlos Arguelles
a leading proponent of the International Style of architecture in the Philippines in the 1960s.
I-2 (Industrial two)
a medium industrial use, low-rise but sprawling bldg for medium intensity manufacturing
C-3 (Commercial 3 or metropolitan commercial)
a metropolitan level of commercial use, medium to high rise for high to very high intensity commercial/trade
C-2 (Commercial 2 or medium commercial)
a municipal or city level of commercial use or occupancy, medium-rise building for medium to high intensity commercial/trade, service and business activities
C-1 (Commercial one or light commercial)
a neighborhood or community level of commercial use or occupancy, characterized mainly as a low rise building/structure for low intensity commercial/trade, service and business activities, e.g., one to three (1 to 3) storey shopping centers, small offices or mixed-use/occupancy buildings and the like.
PRE [Park structures, recreation and entertainment]
a range of recreational uses or occupancies, low-medium rise
firewall
a reinforced masonry or reinforced concrete separator with the appropriate fire-resistive rating and which shall be positioned between
Bodega
a storage room for keeping old furniture and palay bins
Parametricism
a style within contemporary avant-grade architecture, promoted as a successor to post-modern architecture and modern architecture
building/structure
a three dimensional physical development erected within a lot or property or any combination of all of its 3 different levels (at grade, below grade, above grade)
Dispensa
adjacent room to the kitchen for food storage
Group I Division 1
agricultural structures
Group J-1
agricultural structures: sheds, barns, etc
A (Agricultural)
agriculture-related use
Al (Agro-Industrial)
agro-industrial related use, low-rise
Group G Division 5
aircraft repair hangars
Coconut Palace
also known as Tahanang Pilipino (Filipino Home),
Cost plus Adjusted Fee
also known as cost plus incentive fee
Structuralism
also known as spatial systems architecture, treats the structure of buildings as a system of living cells
The MERALCO Building
also known as the Lopez Building
Insular Ice and Cold Storage Plant
an ice production and storage facility in Manila, Philippines and it was operated by San Miguel Brewery
Group H Division 1
any assembly bldg with stage and <100 occupant load
Group H Division 2
any assembly bldg without stage, >300 occupants
Group H Division 3
any assembly building without stage, <300 occupants
Ventanillas
are placed below the large window sill and often with grilles.
suburbs
arrabales
Aljibe
ater cistern found underneath the azotea
Comprehensive Development Planning
based on the concept of expanded physical planning services to include other activities necessary for the proper handling of the numerous components considered in the formulation, implementation and realization of a Master Development Plan
Value-Based Pricing/Percentage of Gross Rentals
based on the outcome revenue, cost, profitability result of a project engagement or based on a measurable profit on specific revenues by the client
International Style
based on the principle that form follows function
Baño or paliguan
bathroom built separately
Cuarto, Alcoba,
bedroom
BALANGAY
biniday or barangay
Vicar Forane
bishop‟s representative in the province
International Style
bold rectangular form, pure volume complete absence of ornament asymmetric composition, a balance of unlike parts flat roofs plain and uniform plastered wall surfaces clean lines and large windows used the cantilever principle
LEGISLATIVE BUILDING (NATIONAL MUSEUM), Manila
building in Manila originally designed as public library
Group C: Education and Recreation
buildings used for school or daycare purposes, involving assemblage for instruction, education or recreation
bell tower
campanario
Zaguan
carriages and saints‟ floats (andas) are kept
Project Manager
complements the functions of the Architects, Engineers and Contractors
Architectural Research
conduct of primary and secondary researches and assembled facts used as basis for conclusion
Metabolism
considered cities as living things that can change over time
Cost plus Incentive Fee
cost reimbursement type contract with provisions for a fee that is adjusted by "sharing" formulas applied to the difference between the final allowable costs and the target costs
Maginoo (nobles)
datu
SECTION 707: Maximum Height of Buildings
dependent upon character of use and type of construction
BHL (Building Height Limit)
determined after application of development controls (DC); measured from established grade line to topmost portion; may be subject to reqs of Air Transportation Office (ATO)
King Philip II
developed a comprehensive guide comprising of 148 ordinances to aid colonists in locating, building, and populating settlements.
comedor
dining room
Architect-in-charge of construction
directly and professionally responsible and liable for the construction supervision of the project
Group G Division 2
dry cleaning plants using flammable liquids; paint stores with bulk handling
Kota/Kuta or fortress
early Filipino constructed forts in Mindanao, Sulu as well as in Manila and Mindoro against enemy attacks
SECTION 704: Location on Property
eaves not less than 750mm
Modernism
emerging in the early 20th century, it responded to changes in technology and society
Patio
enclosed courtyard open to the sky and adjacent to the zaguan
Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano
famous for Pompidou Centre/Le Pompidou
Herzog and de Meuron
famous for the world's largest steel structure, the Beijing National Stadium
International Style
favored architecture for office buildings and homes for the rich
Biomorphism
finds inspiration from mother nature
Félix Rojas.
first "qualified" Philippine architect
Tomas Bautista Mapua
first Filipino registered architect
Cesar Concio
first in the government examination for architects.
UST Engineering and Architecture Building
first local building to use brise-soliel
Dynamic defense
fleet with fixed periodic vigilance and a single patrol circuit
Monuments
focal points in the plaza.
Static defense
fortification of the principal ports known as Spanish Buttressed Fortification
Biombos
free-standing partitions were used to separate areas.
Timawa and maharlika
freemen
Insulation materials are given an R-value, which rates the material's resistance to heat flow and therefore indicates its effectiveness. The higher the R-value, the ___________ the insulating effect.
greater
Le Corbusier
he described architecture as "the masterly, correct, and magnificent play of volumes brought together in light".
Jorn Utzon
he relates his design to the environment, as well as the culture of the people who would reside or venture through the space
Felipe Mendoza
he worked for the formulation of a new five-year, ladder-type curriculum for the bachelor‟s course in architecture.
Moshe Safdie
his architectural styles are: - dramatic curves - arrays of geometric patterns - use of windows key placement of open and green spaces he's a self-described modernist
Kenzo Tange
his design is closely associated with the metabolism movement but because of his functionalist ideas, he never belonged to the group
Leandro Locsin
his designs are marked by his distinct use of: - concrete - themes of floating volume - use of native materials - massive supports - the roof emphasized as the dominant form - wide overhanging eaves
Jean Nouvel
his famous work is the Torre Agbar, the structure is intended to recall the shape of a geyser rising into the air.
Santiago Calatrava
his famous work is the Turning Torso
Mies van der Rohe
his styles are: - traditionalism to modernism, - free of ornamentation and excess - emphasizes open space - reductionist approach - can create calmness and openness in the midst of chaotic surroundings
Richard Rogers
his trademark technique that went on to be known as "bowellism", inside-out style
Escolta Street
historic east-west street located in the old downtown district of Binondo in Manila, Philippines.
Group F: Industrial
ice plants, power plants, pumping plants, cold storage, and creameries, factories, workshops, incombustible materials
Chapel of Saint Hubert
in (Chateau d' Amboise) is the burial place of Leonardo da Vinci
Bauhaus
is a German expression meaning house for building; architecture in its most pure form devoid of ornamentation
Desert Modernism
is a regional approach to International Style
Blobitecture
is a type of wavy, curvy design without traditional edges or traditional symmetric form
Constructivism
is combined engineering and technology that flourished in Russia in the 1920's-1930's. it grew out of Russian futurism.
Post Modernism
is combining new ideas with traditional forms
Deconstructivism
is manipulation to disturb and dislocate the structure of a building to attain aesthetic-controlled chaos
High-Tech
is often machine-like, preference for technology and tectonics
International Style
is the Bauhaus in the USA and a symbol of capitalism
Brutalism
is the architecture of raw concrete or Beton Brut
Expressionism
is the external manifestation of the internal function
Functionalism
is the principle that a building is designed based on its purpose (form follows function)
Expressionism
is the representation of forms and shapes from the emotional feelings of the designer
Cavite
it was used as a fortified point for defending the capital
Leandro Locsin
kilala sa raw concrete chorva chorva BIDA BIDA KID
adobe (adobe putoshap)
kind of greyish volcanic tuff found in Manila and surrounding province from Batangas - Tarlac
Thom Mayne
known for his bold and unconventional works which were noted for their set of angular forms, layered exterior walls, incorporation of giant letter and number graphics, and emphasis on natural light.
Physical Component
land use and the changes which occur within the physical environment represented mainly by the MDP
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
leader of the big revolt of 1896
Anito
lesser gods
R-1
low density residential zone, single-family, single detached dwellings with usual community ancillary uses on a neighborhood scale such as executive subdivisions and relatively exclusive residential communities which aren't subdivisions
Bricks (Ladrillos)
made of clay formed in wooden molds (hulmahan) and baked in kilns called hornos.
Tracery (calado)
made of multi-layered panels of sliding wood and glass panes
Bathala
main god
Torogan
major typologies of a Maranao House: ancestral home of the upperclass
Mala-a
major typologies of a Maranao House: large houses, a necessity in the polygamous culture
Lawig
major typologies of a Maranao House:small houses
MANILA POST OFFICE BUILDING
masterpiece of Juan Arellano in Neo-Classical style during the Commonwealth Period. Symbolized the takeover of the Imperial America of the Chino-Hispanic influence in construction.
SECTION 706: Allowable Floor Area Increases
may be increased
R-2
medium density residential use, low-rise single-attached, duplex or multi-level bldg for exclusive use as multiple family dwellings
Entresuelo
mezzanine elevated at about a meter from the ground and found underneath the master bedroom
3.60 m x 18.00 m
minimum dimensions for articulated truck parking/loading slot
3.00 x 9.00 m
minimum dimensions for jeepney or shuttle parking/loading slot
3.60 x 12.00 m
minimum dimensions for standard truck or bus parking/loading slot.
visita system
missionaries spread to the outlying villages spending a few days in each locality
Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas
more commonly known by its original name of Folk Arts Theater
Direct Personnel Expenses
most common multiplier in time basis
"ARQUITECTURA MESTIZA"
new form of construction that responded both to earthquakes and tropical climate (heat and heavy rainfall)
SECTION 702: Change in use
no change shall be made unless made to comply
Four-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation
no openings, shall be of not less than 4-hour fire-resistive
Two-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation
not less than 2-hour fire resistive, protected by a fire assembly having 2-hour fire-resistive rating
Three-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation
not less than 3-hour fire resistive, protected by a fire assembly having 3-hour fire-resistive rating
One-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation
not less than one-hour fire resistive, protected by a fire assembly having one-hour fire-resistive rating
Cathedral
occupies an outstanding place in the plaza mayor
Azotea
open terrace
physicial planning
orderly arrangement within a piece of land on which vertical and horizontal developments are to be proposed.
Volada
overhanging balcony
Batalan
pBahay Kubo Parts: orch which opens from the paglutuan
on-site parking
parking slots and ancillary spaces that are located outside rrow/street and to be provided only within the property lines or limits of a site of lot on which a building or structure is to be constructed. may be below grade, at grade or above grade
off-row parking
parking slots and ancillary spaces that are located outside the rrow or street;
tabique (Spanish)
partition or wall.
Gov. Santiago de Vera
passed a law that buildings be constructed from masonry using volcanic stones: adobe after the great fire. (TAO ITUU)
Lyric Theater
premieres the first, and by far most memorable fulllength animated feature from the Disney Studios, "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs"
Project Manager
primary responsibility is to exercise the over all cost control
Group I Division 2
private garages, carports, fences over 1.8m high, tanks, swimming pools and towers
Group J-2
private garages, towers, chimneys
NARRA (Nara ka ba? Kasi ikaw ang NARRArapat sa akin)
prized for its blood-sheen, along with banaba, guiso, mangachupoy - ideal for floorboards.
Fire Resistance of Walls
projections beyond exterior wall shall not exceed a point 1/3 distance from assumed vertical plane
Béton brut
raw concrete
Group G Division 4
repair garages
7 years old (feat Lucas Graham)
required to register in schools located in their own town or province and were given free school materials.
Group A Division 1
residential bldg for exclusive use of single family dwellings
Group A Division 2
residential bldg for the exclusive use of non-leasing occupants not exceeding 10 persons including single attached/duplex/townhouses
Construction Manager
responsible on programming, coordination, quality and cost control and time management
Transport Component
road and transit networks, land sea air linkages, the movement of people and goods from one place to another
Pegawidan
royalty
PHILIPPINE NORMAL COLLEGE
school for teachers
Sustainable Architecture
seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space
accompanying matrix
shows the groupings and divisions and the corresponding uses
Samadhi Statu
situated in Mahamevnawa Park, the Buddha is depicted in the position of Dhyana Mudra, a posture of meditation associated with his first enlightenment
Ranggar
small Islamic prayer housed would be located in the community
Rubble work (mamposteria)
small uncut pieces of rock or river stones, piled on top of each other and held together by mortar.
Group H Division 4
stadia, reviewing stands, amusement park structures not included in divisions 1,2,3
Group J-3
stages, plastforms, etc
Group I Division 3
stages, platforms, pelota, tennis, badminton or basketball courts, tombs, mauseleums, niches, aviaries, aquariums, zoo, banks, record vaults
Brise-soliel
sun breaker or sun baffle
Ayuntamiento building
symbol of the Town Council is also constructed in the plaza (alcades/city leaders and oidores/judges)
Ebgan
the girl's dormitory where courtship between young men and women took place.
Cocina
the kitchen sometime built separately
Caida
the living room where balls & dances are held during special occasions
dap-ay
the men's dormitory and civic center
Caida
the most immediate room from the stairs used for entertaining friends
Animism
the oldest religion - a belief that natural objects have souls practiced by indigenous peoples in the mountains of Luzon.
Zamboanga East and West Elementary School
the oldest school building during the American regime.
Socio-Cultural Component
the people, their living conditions and the seeking of ways to ameliorate
Chalet (tsalet) - BUNGALOID STYLE
the popular house design in the highlands and in sites with cool climates.
Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR or FAR)
the ratio between the gross floor area (GFA) and total lot area (TLA)
Legal and Administrative Component
the relationship of adopted development proposals and policies to existing laws
The Manila Cathedral,
the seat of the Archbishop of Manila during the Spanish colonial period; it still remains as the ecclesiastical seat of the Archdiocese of Manila.
Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)
the total floor space within the main and auxiliary buildings primarily conSisting of the GFA and all other enclosed support areas together with all other usable horizontal areaS/surfaces above and below established grade level that are all physically attached to the building/s which shall consists of the following:
Three-Hour Fire-Resistive Occupancy Separation
the total width of all openings in any one-storey shall not exceed 25% of length of wall and no single openings shall have area greater than 10sqm, vertical enclosures shall be not less than 2-hour fire resistive
Greene & Greene Architects
their architectural styles are: - structure of the house was externalized rather than hidden behind decorations - extravagance of supports takes its origins from elaborate joinery and framing of traditional Japanese architecture - they made use of diff types of wood and utilized natural light
Herzog and de Meuron
their style was modern minimalist and their commitment of articulation through materiality is a common concept through all their projects
Leandro Locsin
they describe him as the "Poet of Space" for the way he articulated space using straightforward geometry
Palitada (plaster)
thin layer of stucco to prevent erosion and wearing away by the elements.
Comun or latrina
toilet that is adjacent to the service area
LUMAH (OLD NA DAW)
traditional Yakan house which faces the east.
Tinalak
unusual tie-dyed and woven abaca cloth used for dresses during ceremonies and festivities.
Architectural Design Competition
used for civic or monumental projects. Various architects and firms submit plan/design solutions to a particular design problem and are judged on the basis of comparative excellence.
Kankanai House
variation of the Ifugao prototype
ato
village wards
Modern architecture in the Philippines
was a departure from the neoclassic beaux arts tradition, but like the local neoclassic, it was still a product of foreign influence, a transplant from the west.
The Pasig River Light
was the first light station in the Philippines when it was established in 1642.
Manila
was the seat of central government
Integrated and Accredited Professional Organization of Architects
what does IAPOA stand for?
Temporary Special Permit
what does TSP stand for?
Doubled
when the suspension of construction exceeds 6 months, the fee for the remaining works shall be...
Panay
where is the first settlement in Spanish Colonial
SECTION 703: Mixed occupancy
whole bldg shall be subject to the most restrictive requirement
S. Giovanni degli Eremiti, Palermo
with mosaics and dome of Byzantine & Moslenm influence
Group G Division 3
wood working establishments, planning mills, box factories where loose combustible fibers or dust are manufactured
